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Multiprogramming Operating System

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Debdutta Mandal
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22 views

Multiprogramming Operating System

Uploaded by

Debdutta Mandal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Multiprogramming Operating System

A Multiprogramming operating system is an operating system that supports the running of


numerous programs simultaneously on a single processor machine. If one program waits for
an input/ output transfer, the other programs are ready to utilize the CPU.
currently executing process is involved in I/O. (which, by definition, does not need the CPU
to be accomplished). The OS may then halt that process and transfer control to another in-
memory program that is prepared to run (i.e., context switching). This prevents the system
from wasting CPU time waiting for the I/O work to be finished. A running process continues
to operate until either it releases the CPU voluntarily or until it blocks for an I/O operation.
Therefore, multiprogramming's main objective is to keep the CPU busy for as long as there
are running processes. In a multiprogramming operating system, the CPU will not be kept
idle, which means the CPU will always be busy.

Multiprogramming means having multiple active processes in the main memory. Tasks
generally require CPU time and I/O time. So, if the running process performs I/O or some
other event that does not require a CPU, then instead of sitting idle, the CPU makes a
context switch and picks another task, and this idea will continue.
Examples of Multiprogramming Operating Systems

 Windows, Linux distributions, macOS, and other desktop operating systems are
examples of multiprogramming operating systems. These are modern operating
systems that make use of a variety of multiprogramming principles. A user can perform
many jobs simultaneously on a system running one of these (or more) operating
systems. Many games, for example, are intended to run on a single CPU core.

 Other examples are Windows OS, Microcomputers such as ESQview, XENIX, and MP/M.

Types of Multiprogramming Operating System

There are two types of multiprogramming operating systems:

 Multitasking Operating Systems


 Multiuser Operating System

Multitasking Operating System

Modern computers use the word "multitasking." A multiprogramming operating system that
allows numerous applications to execute simultaneously supports multitasking as a logical
extension. In this method, a CPU and other shared processing resources are shared by
several tasks, also called processes.
Multiuser Operating System

A computer operating system that enables several users to connect to a single system
running the same operating system is known as the multiuser operating system.
Some of the examples are Linux, Unix, Windows 2000, Ubuntu, Mac OS, etc.

Advantages

The multiprogramming operating system has many advantages. Some are listed below:
 It aids in the computer's overall job throughput optimization.
 Processor Utilization is maximized such that unless there are no tasks to accomplish,
the processor is rarely idle and is frequently in use.
 Jobs that require a short amount of CPU time are completed faster than those that
demand a big amount of CPU time.
 Multiple users can use the computer system with a multiprogramming operating
system.
 Multiprogramming operating systems excel at coping with applications that need the
execution of many tasks.
 It may aid in reducing turnaround time for short-duration tasks.

Disadvantages

The multiprogramming operating system has many disadvantages. Some are listed below:
 It's quite complex.
 CPU scheduling is required.
 The most effective memory management is required.
 Due to the complexity of schedule handling, multiprogramming is not an easy task.
 External fragmentation can occur.

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