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    Study Sheet - Ix - Chem - CHPT I

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    Study Sheet - Ix - Chem - CHPT I

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    STUDY SHEET_IX_CHEM_CHPT I

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    Study Sheet - Ix - Chem - CHPT I

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    of 6

    NEW HORIZON PUBLIC SCHOOL

    CBSE AFFILIATION NO : 1130164


    Sector – 13, Khanda Colony, New Panvel (W)- 410206
    Subject – Chemistry STD:IX
    Chapter I: Matter in our surrounding
    Name : ______________________ Date :______________
    Grade : IX Div : Roll No : ___________
    INTEXT QUESTIONS:-(Page no 3,6,9,10)

    1. Which of the following are matter?


    Chair, air, love, smell, hate,almonds, thought, cold, lemon water, smell of perfume.

    Ans:- Chair, air, almonds, lemon water

    2. Give reasons for the following observation:


    The smell of hot sizzling food reaches you several metres away, but to get the smell from cold food
    you have to go close.

    Ans:- The rate of diffusion of smell from hot food is faster than that of cold food as the rate of
    diffusion increases with increase in temperature.

    3. A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this
    observation show?

    Ans:- Solids can displace liquids as there is less intermolecular force of attraction between the
    molecules of liquid than solid.Hence a diver is able to cut through the water in a swimming pool.

    4. What are the characteristics of the particles of matter?


    Ans:
     The Particles in a matter are very tiny beyond our imagination
     The particles in matter have spaces in between them
     The particles in matter are continuously moving and the movement increases with increase
    in temperature.
     The particles in matter attract each other.
    5. The mass per unit volume of a substance is called density. (density = mass/volume).
    Arrange the following in order of increasing density – air, exhaust from chimneys, honey, water,
    chalk, cotton and iron.
    Ans:-Increasing density:
    air < exhaust from chimneys < cotton < water < honey < chalk < iron.

    6. (a) Tabulate the differences in the characteristics of states of matter.


    (b) Comment upon the following: rigidity, compressibility, fluidity, filling a gas container, shape,
    kinetic energy and density.
    Answer: (a) Difference in the characteristics of 3 states of matter.
    (b) Comment on:
    (i) Rigidity: The tendency of a substance to retain/maintain their shape when subjected to outside
    force.
    (ii) Compressibility: The matter has intermolecular space. The external force applied on the matter
    can bring these particles closer. This property is called compressibility. Gases and liquids are
    compressible.
    (iii) Fluidity: The tendency of particles to flow is called fluidity. Liquids and gases flow.
    (iv) Filling of a gas container: Gases have particles which vibrate randomly in all the directions. The
    gas can fill the container.
    (v) Shape: Solids have maximum intermolecular force and definite shape.
    Whereas liquids and gases takes the shape of container.
    (vi) Kinetic energy: The energy possessed by particles due to their motion is called kinetic energy.
    Molecules of gases vibrate randomly as they have maximum kinetic energy.
    (vii) Density: It is defined as mass per unit volume, the solids have highest density.

    7. Give reasons:-
    (a) A gas fills completely the vessel in which it is kept.
    A gas has weak intermolecular forces attraction and also the particles of gases have high Kinetic
    energy.As a result they occupy the space available in the container.

    (b) A gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container.


    Ans:- A gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container because the molecules of the gas are in
    constant random motion due to high kinetic energy. These molecules constantly vibrate, move and
    hit the walls of the container thereby exerting pressure on it.

    (c) A wooden table should be called a solid.


    Ans:- The molecules/particles of wooden table are tightly packed with each
    other, there is no intermolecular space, it cannot be compressed, it cannot flow, all these
    characteristics are of solid. So wooden table should be called a solid. ‘

    (d) We can easily move our hand in air but to do the same through a solid block of wood we need
    a karate expert.
    Ans:- (d) We can easily move our hand in air but to do the same through a solid block of wood we
    need a karate expert. It is because the molecules of air has less force of attraction between them
    and a very small external force can separate them and pass through it. But in case of solids, the
    molecules have maximum force of attraction, the particles are tightly bound due to this force.
    Hence large amount of external force is required to pass through solid.

    8. Liquids generally have lower density as compared to solids. But you must have observed that
    ice floats on water. Find out why.
    Ans:- Ice is a solid but its density is lower than water due to its structure. The molecules in ice
    make a cage like structure with lot of vacant spaces as compared to the spaces present between
    the particles of water.Thus the volume of ice is less than water this makes ice float on water.
    9. Convert the following temperature to Celsius scale:
    (a) 300 K
    °C=K-273
    = 300 – 273
    = 27°C

    (b) 573 K
    °C=K-273
    573 – 273 = 300°C

    10. What is the physical state of water at:


    (a) 250°C
    250°C = gas

    (b) 100°C
    100°C liquid as well as gas

    11. For any substance, why does the temperature remain constant during the change of state?
    Ans:- During the change of state of any matter heat is supplied to the substance. The molecules of
    this matter use heat to overcome the force of attraction between the particles, at this period of
    time, temperature remains constant. This extra heat is acquired by the molecules in the form of
    hidden heat called latent heat to change from one state of matter to the other state.

    12. Suggest a method to liquefy atmospheric gases?


    Ans:- The atmospheric gases are taken in a cylinder with piston fitted on it. By cooling and
    applying high pressure on them, the gases can be liquefied.

    13. Why does a desert cooler cool better on a hot dry day?
    Ans:- The outer walls of the cooler get sprinkled by water constantly. This water evaporates due to
    hot dry weather. Evaporation causes cooling of inside air of cooler. This cool air is sent in the room
    by the fan.

    14. How does the water kept in an earthen pot (matka) become cool during summer?
    Ans:- The earthen pot is porous with lot of pores on it, the water oozes out through these pores
    and the water gets evaporated at the surface of the pot thereby causing cooling effect. This makes
    the pot cold and the water inside the pot cools by this process.

    15. Why does our palm feel cold when we put some acetone or petrol or perfume on it?
    Ans:- Acetone, petrol or perfume evaporate when they come into contact with air. The
    evaporation causes cooling sensation in our hands.

    16. Why are we able to sip hot tea or milk faster from a saucer rather than a cup?
    Ans:- Tea in a saucer has larger surface area than in a cup. The rate of evaporation is faster with
    increased surface area. The cooling of tea in saucer takes place sooner than in a cup. Hence we are
    able to sip hot tea or milk faster from a saucer rather than a cup.
    17. What type of clothes should we wear in summer?
    We should wear light coloured cotton clothes in summer. Light colour because it reflects heat.
    Cotton clothes because it has pores in it, which absorbs sweat and allows the sweat to evaporate
    faster thereby giving cooling effect.

    TEXTUAL QUESTIONS:-

    1. Convert the following temperatures to the Celsius scale.


    (a) 293 K (b) 470 K.
    Ans:- (a) 293 K into °C
    293 – 273 = 20°C

    (b) 470 K into °C


    470 – 273 = 197°C

    2. Convert the following temperatures to the Kelvin scale.


    (a) 25°C (b) 373°C.
    Ans:- (a) 25°C into K
    25 + 273 = 298 K

    (b) 373°C into K


    373 + 273 = 646 K
    3. Give reason for the following observations.
    (a) Naphthalene balls disappear with time without leaving any solid.
    Ans:-Naphthalene balls disappear with time without leaving any solid, because naphthalene
    balls sublime and directly changes into vapour state without leaving any solid.

    (b) We can get the smell of perfume sitting several metres away.
    Ans: We can get the smell of perfume sitting several metres away because perfume contain
    volatile solvent and diffuse faster and can reach people sitting several metres away.

    4. Arrange the following substances in increasing order of forces of attraction between the
    particles—water, sugar, oxygen.

    Ans:- Oxygen —> water —> sugar

    5. What is the physical state of water at

    (a) 25°C is liquid

    (b) 0°C is solid or liquid(Equilibrium between solid and liquid)

    (c) (c) 100°C is liquid and gas (Equilibrium between liquid and gas)

    6. Give two reasons to justify


    (a) water at room temperature is a liquid.

    Ans: i) Intermolecular forces between the water molecules are less.

    ii) Intermolecular spaces and kinetic energy among the water molecules are more.

    (b) an iron almirah is a solid at room temperature.

    Ans:-i)Its melting and boiling point is above room temperature.

    ii) As per the properties of a solid, it has a definite shape and volume at room
    temperature

    7. Why is ice at 273 K more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature?
    Ans: Ice at 273 K will absorb heat energy or latent heat from the medium to overcome the
    fusion to become water. Hence the cooling effect of ice is more than the water at same
    temperature because water does not absorb this extra heat from the medium.

    8. What produces more severe bums, boiling water or steam?


    Ans: Steam at 100°C will produce more severe bums as extra heat is hidden in it called
    latent heat whereas the boiling water does not have this hidden heat.

    9. Name A, B, C, D, E and F in the following diagram showing change in its state

    Ans:- A —> melting/fusion


    B —> Vaporization/evaporation
    C—>Condensation
    D—> Solidification
    E —> Sublimation
    F —> Sublimation

    HOD SIGNATURE PRINCIPAL SIGNATURE

    ______________ __________________

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