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    RPH 1

    Uploaded by

    Charish Bulotano

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    RPH 1

    Uploaded by

    Charish Bulotano
    14 views11 pages

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    RPH_1

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    14 views11 pages

    RPH 1

    Uploaded by

    Charish Bulotano

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY - CHAPTER 1:

    THE MEANING OF HISTORY, SOURCES


    OF HISTORICAL DATA, & HISTORICAL
    CRITICISMS
    HISTORY
    derived from the Greek word Historia which
    means “learning by inquiry”
    it is usually referred to as accounts of
    phenomena, especially human affairs in
    chronological order.
    Historians - individuals who write about history
    Historiography - is the practice of historical
    writing; the traditional method in doing historical
    research that focus on gathering of documents
    from different libraries and archives to form a
    pool of evidence needed in making a descriptive
    or analytical narrative.
    Theories Constructed by
    Historians
    Factual History - presents the basic and
    plain information to the reader with the
    emphasis only of “who”, “what”, and “where”
    of history
    Speculative History - goes beyond dates,
    places, persons, events because it attempts
    to explain the “how” and “why” of events. It
    discusses the causes and effects of such
    happening which resulted to another face
    of change
    LIMITATION OF HISTORICAL
    KNOWLEDGE
    The whole history of the past (called history-as actuality)
    can be known to a historian only through the surviving
    records (history-as record) and most of the history-as
    record is only a tiny part of the whole phenomena
    Historians study the records or evidences that survived
    the time. However, their claims may remain variable as
    there can be historical records that could be discovered,
    which may affirm or refute those that they have already
    presented. This explains the “incompleteness” of the
    “object” that historians study.
    HISTORY AS THE SUBJECTIVE PROCESS
    OF RECREATION
    Historians strive to restore the total part of
    mankind. Their aim is VERISIMILITUDE
    (the truth, authenticity, plausibility) about
    a perished past. The study of history is a
    subjective process as documents and relics
    are scattered and do not together
    comprise the total object that the historian
    is studying.
    HISTORICAL METHOD AND
    HISTORIOGRAPHY
    Historical Method - the process of critically
    examining and analyzing the records and survivals
    of the past.
    Historiography - the imaginative reconstruction of
    the past from the data derived by that process.
    Historical analysis is also an important element of
    historical method. Through this, historians:
    (1) select the subject to investigate;
    (2) collect probable sources of information on
    the subject;
    (3) examine the sources’ genuineness, in part of
    in whole; and
    (4) extract credible “particulars” from the
    sources.
    SOURCES OF HISTORICAL DATA
    Historical data are sourced from artifacts that have
    been left by the past which can either be relics or
    remains, or the testimonies of witnesses to the past.
    Relics or Remains - offer researchers a clue
    about the past.
    Testimonies of Witnesses - whether oral or
    written, may have been created to serve as
    records or they might have created for some
    other purposes. All these describe an event, such
    as the record of a property exchange, speeches,
    and commentaries.
    Examples of RELICS
    Examples of REMAINS
    Examples of TESTIMONIES OF WITNESSES
    SOURCES OF HISTORICAL DATA
    The historians deals with the dynamic or genetic
    (the becoming) as well as the static (the being)
    and aims at being interpretative (explaining why
    and how things happened and were interrelated)
    as well as descriptive (telling what happened,
    when, and where, and who took part).
    The lives of human beings can be assumed from
    the retrieved artifacts, but without further
    evidence of the human contexts of these artifacts
    can never be recaptured with any degree of
    uncertainty

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