WEE LESSON ONE LESSON TWO

K
1 Functions of doors Parts of a Door
Classification of doors
2 Types of doors constructing a panel door
installing the door
3 Selecting ironmongery for doors Functions of windows
4 Functions of windows Parts of a window
5 Types of windows Selecting ironmongery for windows
6 Functions of floors Types of floors
7 Floor members and their functions Guidelines, procedures and standards
for constructing a basic timber floor
8 Functions of a staircase Explaining terminologies relating to
stairs.

9 Calculating (risers, threads, going) laying out (straight flight)

Installation of the staircase
10 Basic plumbing and related services Basic plumbing and related services

11 Principles of roof drainage and Types of drainage systems

disposal:

12 Types of plumbing tools and equipment Performing basic plumbing

calculations

Building and Furniture Technology Grade 10

Name of Student……………………………
Date…………………..
Week 1
Lesson One
Topic: Functions of doors
Doors
A door is an openable barrier that separates internal and external spaces allowing people, vehicle
and other goods to enter and leave a building. It is held in position by the door frame, the members
of which are located at the sides and top of the opening doorway.

Functions of doors:
A door should meet the following standards:
A. Weather resistance
B. Security
 C. Fire resistance
D. Sound insulation
E. Privacy
F. Operation
G. Durability
H. Sound insulation
I. Aesthetics

1. The main function of door is to maintain privacy and safety inside the room or house.
2. It gives an aesthetic view to the house.
3. Open door provides lighting and ventilation to various rooms in the house.
4. It controls the physical atmosphere within a space by enclosing it, excluding air drafts
so that interiors may be more effectively heated or cooled.
5. It also acts as noise barrier when there are chances of too much noise outside of the
house.
6. It is used to screen areas of a house for aesthetic purposes, keeping formal & utility
area separate.
7. The house doors used to manage the physical atmosphere inside a room, so that
heating or cooling of interiors may become more effective.
8. It also plays a significant role in preventing the spread of fire or smoke.
9. It is equipped with locking mechanisms, which allow entrance to only selected people
and hence keep out others is also the function of door.
10. Doors control climate, provide light and ventilation, sounds, smells, breezes, warmth
and cold to travel in and out of home and between rooms and expand visibility.
11. Doors influence furniture arrangement, add decoration, emphasize the overall design
of building.

Lesson Review / Activity

Answer all of the following questions by choosing true or false.
No Question True False
1
2
3
4
5

Video link
 Building and Furniture Technology Grade 7
Name of Student……………………………
Date…………………..
Week 1
Lesson Two
Topic: Parts of a Door
Parts of a Door

Types of Doors:

There are different types of doors. Generally, the doors are classified in following ways,

Based on
Location Materials Operation of Door Method of Arrangement of Door
Shutter Construction Components
Exterior Wooden or Timber Folding Doors Panel Doors Battened and Ledged
Doors Doors Doors
Interior Glass Doors Sliding Doors Flush Doors Battened Ledged and
Doors Braced Doors
Steel Doors Swinging Doors Louvered Doors Battened Ledged and
Framed Doors
PVC Doors Revolving Doors Wire Gauzed Battened Ledged Framed
Doors and Braced Doors
Fiberglass Doors Rolling Shutter
Doors
Aluminum Glazed Collapsible Doors
Doors
Fiber Reinforced Pivot Doors
Plastic Doors /FRP
Doors

Lesson Review / Activity

Answer all of the following questions by choosing true or false.
No Question True False
1
2
3
4
5

Video link

Building and Furniture Technology Grade 7

Name of Student……………………………
Date…………………..
Week 2
Lesson One
Topic: Types of Doors

The following are the most popular types of doors in modern homes.
Hinged Hinged door types are
Doors generally made of either a
solid wooden panel door
or a hollow-cored door
affixed to a door
jamb with two or more
hinges.

Dutch A Dutch type of door also

Doors known as double-hung or
half door sometimes is a
door that’s split in half
horizontally, allowing the
top half to open while the
bottom half stays shut.

Pocket The special feature of

Doors pocket doors is that it gets
“disappear” into a special
cavity inside the wall
when opened. These doors
generally have top–hung
and slide along a track
mounted on the ceiling.

Sliding Sliding doors are also

Doors known as bypass doors
and are generally used for
locations including large
openings as that
discovered in a bedroom
or closets.
Panel Doors In the past, panel doors are very
popular for quite some time. Its
name gives the idea about its
making that the door is crafted
not of one single piece of wood
or other material, but instead is
comprised of panels.

Each panel later will fit

together in order to create the
finished door. It can have a six-
panel door that will be made up
of six inset rectangles or
squares within the door. In
panel doors, a door can have
one panel, or it can have several.

Flush Door A flush door is made of solid

blackboard core, vertical stiles,
and horizontal rails that create a
pre–fixed frame, and the
blackboard is composed of
wooden strips that are placed
edge-to-edge and sandwiched
between veneers.

Glass Door . Glass is most commonly used

for windows and doors,
primarily for paneling.

Generally, glass doors‘ most

suitable location is on the
backside as it offers an
unblocked view of the yard or
garden.
Steel Doors Steel metal doors may be the
first choice of doors when
looking for doors for your
commercial establishment, but
they are some of the more
versatile door options.

Steel doors are most suitable for

exterior–facing doors that need to
withstand heavy traffic and
exterior elements. Steel doors
can also be installed in a
residence though they are more
commonly used for stores,
schools, and commercial
buildings.

Louvered These types of doors are used

Doors when privacy with natural
ventilation and quietness for
rest is desired, as they allow free
passage of air even when closed.

Rolling Rolling Shutters are generally

Shutters used for shops/go-downs. This
shutter works as a barrier and
provides protection against fire
and thefts wind and hails.

The rolling shutter is made of

Steel slabs called laths or slates
which are around 1.25 cm thick
interlocked with each other and
coiled upon a specially designed
pipe shaft called “drum”
mounted at the top.

Such an arrangement is made

that the shutter moves in two
vertical steel guide channels
mounted at the ends.
 Revolving This door has a central shaft
Doors with four Wings that hang on it,
The Shaft Rotates around the
vertical axis within a round
enclosure.

The doors’ central shaft is

fitted with a ball bearing
arrangement at the bottom,
which allows the shutters to
move without any jerk and
making noise.

Wooden or These types of doors are

Timber Door primarily used for interior door
applications. Timber is the
oldest material used for the
doors and timber never seems
out of fashion.

There are many good reasons for

using wood such as wooden
doors providing soundproofing,
insulation, and security. They
are easy to install and clean.

Battened & Ledged Doors

These kinds of doors are composed of vertical boards called battens which are nailed or
screwed to horizontal members called ledgers.

The battens used are generally 15 to 18 cm wide and 2 to 3 cm thick. Normally, narrow
Battened doors have a better appearance.
These doors can be either braced or braced and framed to offer rigidness and a much
better look. Such doors are mostly utilized for toilets, baths, WC, and other rooms as well
as in homes where the economy is the prime factor to consider.

Lesson Review / Activity

Answer all of the following questions by choosing true or false.
No Question True False
1
2
3
4
5

Video link

Building and Furniture Technology Grade 7

Name of Student……………………………
Date…………………..
Week 2
Lesson One
Topic: Types of Doors

Guidelines, procedures and standards for constructing a panel door.

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video;_ylt=AwrEzNzmxhpit30A4BSJzbkF?
p=constructing+a+panel+door&fr=yfp-t&fr2=p%3As%2Cv%3Ai%2Cm
%3Apivot#action=view&id=3&vid=199f8a4828420c5d71a4d8d01de5d111

Guidelines, procedures and standards for installing the door.

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/
video;_ylt=AwrFZC3Q0BpiE9ckjYD7w8QF;_ylu=c2VjA3NlYXJjaAR2dGlkAw--;_ylc=X1MDOTY3ODEz
MDcEX3IDMgRhY3RuA2NsawRjc3JjcHZpZANnTFY2empFd0xqTE4wcjhaWHo1cmpnSWpNVGt3TGd
BQUFBQ3N2VEVjBGZyA3lmcC10BGZyMgNzYS1ncARncHJpZAM2dzJQWEhCQlJzcVBxRDY5WDVZM
UdBBG5fcnNsdAM2MARuX3N1Z2cDMwRvcmlnaW4DdmlkZW8uc2VhcmNoLnlhaG9vLmNvbQRwb
3MDMARwcXN0cgMEcHFzdHJsAwRxc3RybAMzMwRxdWVyeQMlMjBpbnN0YWxsaW5nJTIwYSUy
MHdvb2RlbiUyMGRvb3IEdF9zdG1wAzE2NDU5MjQ3NTM-?
p=+installing+a+wooden+door&ei=UTF-8&fr2=p%3As%2Cv%3Av%2Cm%3Asa&fr=yfp-
t#id=25&vid=56763e22e72b76537847aff42bcd16d1&action=view

Making a ledge, brace and battened door

Selecting ironmongery for doors

Door Restrictors

Door Holders

Hinges
Tower bolts

Latchets

Hasp and staples

Door locks
Knob

Lesson Review / Activity

Answer all of the following questions by choosing true or false.
No Question True False
1
2
3
4
5

Constructing windows
What Is Window?
A window is defined as a wall opening to admit fresh air and sunlight into the building also to
give an outside view. The window is provided for aesthetic purposes.

The window is an essential component of any type of structure. It provides sufficient

insulation against heat and cold.

There are different types of windows are available based on framing material, location,
design, operational movement of shutter, position, casement size and shape, casement
material, manner of fixing, aesthetic purpose, etc

Functions of Windows

1. To admit natural sunlight in the building.

2. To admit natural ventilation in the building.
3. It also helps to provide insulation against heat loss and sound.
4. Windows are also required to give a measure of resistance to the Fire.
5. Aesthetics.

Parts of a window
Types of Windows
The following are different types of windows used for home,

1. Fixed Windows
2. Sliding Window
3. Casement Window
4. Sash Window
5. Single Hung Window
6. Double Hung Window
7. Sash Window
8. Jalousie Windows
9. Gable Window

1. Fixed Windows

Fixed window as the name suggests these types of windows are fixed to the wall. It cannot
be closed or open.

2. Sliding Windows
Sliding Window as the name suggests the window shutters are movable or slide in the
frame of the window. The movement of the shutter is depending on the roller bearing.

3. Casement Windows

The window shutter is attached with the frame and these can be close and open typically
like a door and rebates is provide to the frame to receive the window shutter.

9. Single Hung Windows

The single sash window looks like a double-hung window but the main difference is a
single hung window in one sash is open and closed while another sash is fixed.
10. Double Hung Windows

Double Hung Window

In Double hung window pair of shutters is attached to the frame. The pair of shutters can
slide or open in vertically within the frame of window and these shutters are arranged one
above the other.

12. Jalousie window

Jalousie window is the most common type of window style which splits into many
different slats of metal, wood, and glass. It is open like a set of blinds, by cranking the
lever the slats.

13. Louvered Windows

Louvered windows are providing for proper ventilation without any outside view or
vision. The louvers are made of different materials such as metal, glass, wood, etc.

15. Sash Windows

The Sash window is constructed from two movable sashes; one sash is sitting in front of the
other one. They have decorative sash horns or bar, which feature is added to look classic
window.

The Sash window is similar to the casement type of window. But the sash window panel is
fully glazed.

Guidelines, procedures and standards for constructing:

https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/
video;_ylt=AwrE19Mj1ShiyrAA8FZXNyoA;_ylu=Y29sbwNiZjEEcG9zAzEEdnRpZAMEc2VjA3BpdnM-?
p=construction+of+a+window&fr2=piv-web&fr=yfp-
t#id=24&vid=93e1017e93802340675c27e63c7dfc33&action=view

Glazing

What Is Window Glazing?

In short, window glazing is a piece of glass inside the window. While some windows use
alternative materials like plexiglass or acrylic, glass is the most common. Mounted in the
window with glazing putty, you may also hear window glazing called the “pane.”

When you hear that a window is called a single, double, or triple pane, remember that “pane”
refers to the window glazing. Window glazing can also refer to the glazing putty used to seal
the glass of a window to the frame, but that’s usually just called “putty.”

A solid piece of glass:

 Reduces sun and weather damage inside your home

 Improves the environmental impact of your home
 Creates an aesthetically pleasing atmosphere in your home
 Makes life easier with effortless cleaning
 Insulates your home from the heat, cold, and noise

These simple, palpable benefits make all the difference in the comfort level of your home.

Ironmongery ( hinges, stays, fasteners, tower bolts, tracks);

Catches
Regarding security and air tightness, our extensive experience tells that the Brighton Sash
Fastener is the best fastener to use as it pulls the 2 sashes together squeezing the draught
seals. Historically these were most commonly used up to a 100 years ago. The other options
are the arm fastener or claw fastener which are good alternatives if preferred.

Restrictors

The advantages of fitting restrictors on sash windows is that they allow the windows to be
opened to a certain height, usually 100mm, to let in the breeze, but not enough for someone
to lean out.

There are 3 types of restrictor –

 All bedrooms in the home should be fitted with a fire egress restrictor as a quick and
easy means of escape.
 Angel vent locks are button release restrictors. These don’t work with all sash
windows as it will depend on the horn details.
 A Standard restrictor which is operated by an Allen key. Also known as a pin lock
or dual sash screw.

Hinges
The system that we use on all casements is a traditional Butt Hinge. These have a small
knuckle and although they are more expensive, they are more in keeping with the traditional
designs and style of our windows.

Locking Handles

These are little multi-point handles that open and close the windows and lock them
simultaneously. They come in a large range of finishes and designs. Our favourite is the
reeded handle!

Casement Stays
The casement stay holds the window in the open position at the desired angle. There are a
variety of stays in different finishes and designs and we are happy to advise you and show
you samples of these.
3. Constructing floors
(a) Functions of floors.
(b) Types of floors:
(i) concrete on grade;
(ii) timber (single and double).
(c) Trimming of floor for stairwell.

Floor members and their functions:

Joists, bridging, sub-floor, skirting, header, wall plates, floor boards.

Calculating:
Floorboards, joists, depth of joist.