HLFunctions (2)

Past paper Questions. 23-11-2023

1. When the function f (x) = 6x4 + 11x3 – 22x2 + ax + 6 is divided by (x + 1) the remainder is –20.
Find the value of a.
(Total 4 marks)

2. The diagram below shows the graph of y1 = f (x). The x-axis is a tangent to f (x) at x = m and
f (x) crosses the x-axis at x = n.
y
y1 = f(x)

m x
0 n

On the same diagram sketch the graph of y2 = f (x – k), where 0 < k < n – m and indicate the
coordinates of the points of intersection of y2 with the x-axis.

(Total 4 marks)

3. For which values of the real number x is | x + k | = | x | + k, where k is a positive real number?

(Total 4 marks)

4. The roots α and β of the quadratic equation x2 – kx + (k + l) = 0

are such that α2 + β2 = 13. Find the possible values of the real number k.

(Total 4 marks)

5. Given that x > 0, find the solution of the following system of equations:

8x 3 = 3 xy – y = x2 + 9
y and 4
(Total 3 marks)

6. The diagram below shows the graphs of y = –x3 + 3x2 and y = g (x), where g (x) is a polynomial
of degree 3.

1
 y

y = –x 3 + 3x 2
g (x)

0 x

A’

(a) If g (–2) = 0, g (0) = –4, g (–2) = 0, and g (0) = (0) show that g (x) = x3 + 3x2 – 4.
(6)

The graph of y = – x3 + 3x2 is reflected in the y-axis, then translated using the vector
 – 1
  to give the graph of y = h (x).
 – 1

(b) Write h (x) in the form h (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d.

(5)

The graph of y = x3 + 3x2 – 4 is obtained by applying a composition of two

transformations to the graph of y = –x3 + 3x2.

(c) State the two transformations whose composition maps the graph of y = –x3 + 3x2 onto
the graph of y = x3 + 3x2 – 4 and also maps point A onto point A.
(3)
(Total 14 marks)

7. Find the real number k for which 1 + ki, (i = − 1 ), is a zero of the polynomial z2 + kz + 5.

(Total 3 marks)

8. The following graph is that part of the graph of y = f (x) for which f (x)  0.

x
–2 –1 0 1 2

Sketch, on the axes provided below, the graph of y2 = f (x) for –2  x  2. ( 3)

2
 y

x
–2 –1 0 1 2

–1

–2

–3

–4

9. (a) Let y = a + b sin x , where 0 < a < b.

b + a sin x

dy (b 2 + a 2 ) cos x
(i) Show that = .
dx (b + a sin x) 2
(4)

(ii) Find the maximum and minimum values of y.

(4)

(iii) Show that the graph of y = a + b sin x , 0 < a < b cannot have a vertical asymptote.
b + a sin x
(2)

(b) For the graph of y = 4 + 5 sin x for 0  x  2,

5 + 4 sin x

(i) write down the y-intercept;

(ii) find the x-intercepts m and n, (where m < n) correct to four significant figures;

(iii) sketch the graph.

(5)

(c) The area enclosed by the graph of y = 4 + 5 sin x and the x-axis from x = 0 to x = n is
5 + 4 sin x
denoted by A. Write down, but do not evaluate, an expression for the area A.
(2)
(Total 17 marks)

10. The diagram shows a sketch of part of the graph of f (x) = x2 and a sketch of part of the graph of
g (x) = –x2 + 6x – 13

3
 y

y=f(x)

y=g(x)

(a) Write down the coordinates of the maximum point of y = g (x).

The graph of y = g (x) can be obtained from the graph of y = f (x) by first reflecting the graph of
y = f (x), then translating the graph of y = f (x).

(b) Describe fully each of these transformations, which together map the graph of y = f (x)
onto the graph of y = g (x).

(Total 3 marks)

1
11. Let f : x  – 2 . Find
x2

(a) the set of real values of x for which f is real and finite;

(b) the range of f.

(Total 3 marks)

12. The equation kx2 – 3x + (k + 2) = 0 has two distinct real roots. Find the set of possible values of k.

(Total 3 marks)

13. The diagram shows the graph of the functions y1 and y2.
y
y2
2

0
x

–2

y1

y1
On the same axes sketch the graph of . Indicate clearly where the x-intercepts and
y2
asymptotes occur.
4
 (Total 3 marks)

14. Find the values of x for which 5 – 3x   x + 1.

(Total 3 marks)

15. The line segment [AB] has length l, gradient m, (0 < m < 1), and passes through the point (0, 1).
It meets the x-axis at A and the line y = x at B, as shown in the diagram.
y

y=x

B
(0,1)

A O x

(a) Find the coordinates of A and B in terms of m.

(4)
m +1
2
(b) Show that l 2 = .
m 2 (1 – m) 2
(3)
x +1
2
(c) Sketch the graph of y = , for x  0, x  1, indicating any asymptotes and the
x (1 – x) 2
2

coordinates of any maximum or minimum points.

(4)

(d) Find the value of m for which l is a minimum, and find this minimum value of l.
(2)
(Total 13 marks)
16. Find the set of values of x for which (ex – 2) (ex – 3) = 2ex.
(Total 6 marks)
x – x +1
2
17. The function f is defined by f (x) =
x2 + x +1

(a) (i) Find an expression for f (x), simplifying your answer.

(ii) The tangents to the curve of f (x) at points A and B are parallel to the x-axis. Find
the coordinates of A and of B.
(5)

(b) (i) Sketch the graph of y = f (x).

(ii) Find the x-coordinates of the three points of inflexion on the graph of f.
(5)

(c) Find the range of

(i) f;

(ii) the composite function f ° f.

(5)

5
 (Total 15 marks)

18. The graph of the function f (x) = 2x3 – 3x2 + x + 1 is translated to its image, g (x), by the vector
 1 
  . Write g (x) in the form g (x) = ax3 + bx2 +cx + d.
 – 1
(Total 6 marks)

19. The functions f (x) and g (x) are given by f (x) = x – 2 and g (x) = x2 + x. The function
(f ° g)(x) is defined for x  , except for the interval ] a, b [.

(a) Calculate the value of a and of b.

(b) Find the range of f ° g.
(Total 6 marks)
3
20. Solve the inequality x2 – 4 + < 0.
x
(Total 6 marks)

21. The function f is given by f (x) = 2 – x2 – ex. Write down

(a) the maximum value of f (x);

(b) the two roots of the equation f (x) = 0.

(Total 6 marks)

 x 3
22. Let f (x) = sin  arcsin – arccos  , for –4  x  4.
 4 5

(a) On the grid below, sketch the graph of f (x).

y
2

–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5
0 x

–1

–2

(b) On the sketch, clearly indicate the coordinates of the x-intercept, the y-intercept, the
minimum point and the endpoints of the curve of f (x).
1
(c) Solve f (x) = – .
2

6
 (Total 6 marks)
x+9
23. Solve the inequality 2
x−9
(Total 6 marks)

24. Consider the equation e–x = cos 2x, for 0  x  2π.

(a) How many solutions are there to this equation?

(b) Find the solution closest to 2π, giving your answer to four decimal places.

(Total 6 marks)
25. Find the range of values of m such that for all x , m(x + 1)  x2.
(Total 6 marks)
15
26. Find a
n =1
2
n where an = ln xn.

(Total 6 marks)
x +1
27. Let f and g be two functions. Given that (f ◦ g) (x) = and g (x) = 2x – 1, find f (x – 3).
2
(Total 6 marks)
2 2
28. A circle has equation x + (y – 2) = 1. The line with equation y = kx, where k , is a tangent
to the circle. Find all possible values of k.
(Total 6 marks)

8x − 4
29. Find the largest set of values of x such that the function f given by f (x) = takes real
x −3
values.
(Total 6 marks)

30. Consider the curves C1, C2 with equations

C1 : y = x2 + kx + k, where k  0 is a constant
C2 : y = –x2 + 2x – 4.

Both curves pass through the point P and the tangent at P to one of the curves is also a tangent at
P to the other curve.

(a) Find the value of k.

(b) Find the coordinates of P.

(Total 6 marks)

31. The solution of 22x+3 = 2x+1 + 3 can be expressed in the form a + log2 b where a, b . Find
the value of a and of b.
(Total 6 marks)

32. Solve 2 (ln x)2 = 3ln x −1 for x. Give your answers in exact form.
(Total 6 marks)

πx
33. The graph of y = cos x is transformed into the graph of y = 8 – 2 cos .
6

Find a sequence of simple geometric transformations that does this.

(Total 6 marks)

34. (a) Solve the equation 2(4x) + 4−x = 3.

(3)
7
 (b) (i) Solve the equation ax = e2x+1 where a  0, giving your answer for x in terms of a.

(ii) For what value of a does the equation have no solution?

(3)
(Total 6 marks)

35. The functions f and g are defined as:

2
f (x) = e x , x  0
1
g (x) = , x  − 3.
x +3
(a) Find h (x) where h (x) = g ◦ f (x).
(2)
−1
(b) State the domain of h (x).
(2)
(c) Find h−1 (x).
(4)
(Total 8 marks)

36. (a) Sketch the curve f (x) = 1 + 3 sin (2x), for 0  x  . Write down on the graph the values
of the x and y intercepts.

(4)

(b) By adding one suitable line to your sketch, find the number of solutions to the equation π
f (x) = (π − x).
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

37. The graph of y = f (x) for −2  x  8 is shown.

8
 1
On the set of axes provided, sketch the graph of y = , clearly showing any asymptotes
f (x )
and indicating the coordinates of any local maxima or minima.

(Total 5 marks)

38. Find the set of values of x for which 0.1x 2 − 2 x + 3  log 10 x.

(Total 6 marks)