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    Unit 5

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    ajay2122302

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Unit 5

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    ajay2122302
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    unit 5

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    13 views6 pages

    Unit 5

    Uploaded by

    ajay2122302

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    How to select appropriate problems

    Type of errors
    Role and responsibilities of knowledge engineer

    Knowledge Engineering is the branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that is dedicated


    to studying, designing, and developing systems that emulate the judgment and
    behavior of a human expert in a certain field.

    These expert systems – as they referred to – are focused on the digitizing and
    automation of knowledge to resolve issues.

    Expert systems are used in various fields including:

     Healthcare
     Customer service
     Financial services
     Manufacturing
     Legal and Accounting

    To break it down, the main aim behind knowledge engineering is to cut down the
    effort and time required to solve complex and large scale problems that would take
    far too long to resolve manually. It is the process of creating systems to act and take
    decisions regarding data in the same way a human expert in that specific field
    would.

    The role of a knowledge engineer, therefore, is to develop these specialized expert


    systems by gathering the information needed and integrating it into a systematic
    format before deploying it for the end-users.

    Knowledge engineers are also known as semantic engineers.

    Knowledge engineers are specialists who deal with expert systems that help
    to achieve higher levels of productivity and accuracy while being cost-efficient. The
    systems they develop might replace human beings and be at least so effective as
    humans are.

    Typical examples of knowledge-based applications are:

     Diagnostics in technology and medicine


     Advice on legal and structural problems
     Configuration of technical systems
    Knowledge transfer in the form of manuals or for training purposes

    Knowledge Engineer – Responsibilities and Tasks

    The responsibilities of a knowledge engineer are divided into 4 main steps. These
    include assessment, elicitation, structure, and validation.

    The first step – assessment – starts off by first analyzing the problem at hand.
    Here, the engineer decides what knowledge is needed and from where.
    This is followed by the second step, wherein, the knowledge is elicited. The
    knowledge engineer employs a number of techniques to elicit the required
    knowledge. Once the knowledge has been gathered, it is then structured into an
    expert system, a database, a knowledge base, or a knowledge asset.

    The structure and format are created and then integrated with the
    knowledge elicited.

    Finally, the knowledge engineer is responsible for the verification of the final asset
    and validation of the final knowledge system.

    Responsibilities of a Knowledge Engineer:

     Develop, maintain and continually improve knowledge base content, taxonomy, and
    organization
     Interpretation of data by comparing target and actual values
     Work on processes for managing, creation, and use of knowledge
     Classification of events
     Configuration of complex systems taking different conditions into account
     Recognize the causes of errors and reduce work errors
     Support business initiatives and goals and map knowledge impacts and
     implement change/solutions
     Eliminate critical conditions by taking action
     Planning a series of actions to achieve a specific goal
     dialog-oriented, subject-specific advice to people
     Predict events based on specific events
     Work with Subject Matter experts & Data scientists

    Skills required to become a knowledge engineer:

     Strong programming language knowledge – i.e. Python, Java, etc.


     Knowledge of Database development tools and relational database concepts
     Basic knowledge of application delivery including release management
     Experience with standards-based knowledge engineering tools – ie. SQL, RDF,
    SPARQL, OWL, SHACL
     Knowledge of Information structure and Business intelligence (BI)
     Understanding of semantic standards and experience developing semantic models
     Foster a strong knowledge-sharing community within support
     Knowledge of Natural language processing (NLP) and the system development cycle
     Experience programming Clojure or ClojureScript or another Lisp
     Experience using RDBMS – i.e. Postgres
     Task algorithmization and Business process modeling
     Aptitude for understanding and explaining technical information
     Excellent attention to detail and natural curiosity about technology
     Ability to multitask under tight deadlines
    Life cycle

    Expert System Development Life Cycle:

    Problem Identification Phase:


    Identifying the problem and opportunity where the organization can obtain benefits
    from expert system, and establishing the Expert system general goals.
    Feasibility Study Phase:
    Assessing the feasibility of the expert system development in terms of its technical
    operational and economical feasibility.
    Project Planning Phase:
    Planning for the expert system project, including development team members,
    working environment, project schedule, and budget.
    Knowledge Acquisition Phase:
    Extracting domain knowledge from domain experts and determining the system’s
    requirements.
    Knowledge Representation Phase:
    Representing key concepts from domain and inter relationships between these
    concepts using formal representation methods.
    Knowledge Implementation Phase:
    Coding the formalized knowledge in to a working prototype.
    Verification and Validation:
    Verifying and validating working prototype against the system requirements, and
    revising it necessary according to domain expert’s feedback.

    Installation and Training:


    Installing the final prototype in an operating environment, training the users and
    developing documentation and user manual.

    Operation/ Evolution / Maintenance:


    Running the system in an operating environment, evaluating its performance and
    benefits and maintaining system.

    Knowledge acquisition
    the knowledge acquisition process through a knowledge engineer can
    be divided into four phases:
    1.
    Planning: The goal is to understand the problem domain, identify
    domain experts, analyze various knowledge acquisition
    techniques, and design proper procedures.
    2.
    Knowledge extraction: The goal is to extract knowledge from
    experts by applying various knowledge acquisition techniques.
    3.
    Knowledge analysis: The outputs from the knowledge extraction
    phase, such as concepts and heuristics, are analyzed and
    represented in formal forms, including heuristic rules, frames,
    objects and relations, semantic networks, classification
    schemes, neural networks, and fuzzy logic sets. These
    representations are used in implementing a prototype expert
    system.
    4.
    Knowledge verification: The prototype expert system containing
    the formal representation of the heuristics and concepts is verified
    by the experts. If the knowledge base is incomplete or insufficient
    to solve the problem, alternative knowledge acquisition techniques
    may be applied, and additional knowledge acquisition process may
    be conducted.

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