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    Biochemistry

    1-Which of the following amino acids is the precursor of carnitine?


    A-Lysine
    B-Glycine
    C-Arginine
    D-Aspartate
    2-What is the key enzyme of cholesterol synthesis?
    A-HMG CoA synthase
    B-HMG CoA reductase
    C-Thiolase
    D-Thiophorase
    3-How can the FA synthesis be regulated?
    A-Insulin inhibits its key enzyme
    B-citrate Inhibit its key enzyme
    C-glucagon activates its key enzyme
    D-Palmitoyl CoA inhibits the key enzyme
    4-What is the main source of NADPH for FA and cholesterol synthesis
    A-Malic enzyme
    B-oxidative phase of HMS
    C-Extra mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase
    D- intra mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase
    5- Which Lipoproteins are the main cholesterol carriers?
    A-Chylomicrons and IDL
    B-VLDL and IDL
    C-HDL and LDL
    D- Chylomicrons and HDL
    6- Which plasma lipid increases the risk of atherosclerosis?
    A-Increased HDL
    B-Decreased LDL
    C-Increased LDL
    D-Increase Chylomicrons
    7- What is the key enzyme of lipolysis
    A-Hormone sensitive lipase
    B-DAG lipase
    C-MAG lipase
    D-thiophorase
    8- How can the brain utilize the fatty acids
    A-oxidation to produce energy
    B-Oxidation to form cerebrosides
    C- it can’t oxidize fatty acids
    D-producing ketone bodies
    9- The ETC happens in:
    A-Outer mitochondrial membrane
    B-Inner mitochondrial membrane
    C-Mitochondrial matrix
    D-cytosol
    Anatomy
    10-At what level does the larynx end
    A-C4
    B-C5
    C-C6
    D-C7
    11-At what level does the ascending aorta end?
    A-Right 2nd Costal cartilage
    B-Right 2nd intercostal space
    C-Left 2nd Costal cartilage
    D-Left 2nd intercostal space
    12-A patient is suffering from tricuspid regurgitation, what is the surface anatomy of
    the tricuspid valve?
    A-4th coastal cartilage at left border of sternum
    B-4th costal cartilage at the midline
    C-4th intercostal space behind midline
    D-4th intercostal space behind left border of sternum
    13- Which of the following is correct about the heart
    A-The diaphragmatic surface is posterior
    B-the apex is upward and to the right
    C-The base is downward and to the left
    D-the apex is forward, downward and to the left
    14- How many cusps does the pulmonary valve contain?
    A-2
    B-3
    C-4
    D-5
    15- How does the vagi enter the abdomen?
    A-enter through esophageal opening
    B--enter through aortic opening
    C--enter through IVC opening
    D--enter through Costal slips
    16- Which of the following is a branch from the artery that passes through cavernous
    sinus?
    A-Lingual
    B-Facial
    C-Occipital
    D-Anterior cerebral
    17-What is the difference between the two innominate veins?
    A-right innominate is oblique and long
    B-left innominate is oblique and short
    C-right innominate is vertical and short
    D-Left innominate is vertical and long
    18-What happened during formation of the interventricular septum
    A-Growing of the membranous part leaving the interventricular foramen then the
    muscular part closes it
    B- Growing of the muscular part then the membranous leaving the interventricular
    foramen
    C- Growing of the membranous part then the membranous part
    D-Growing of the muscular part leaving the interventricular foramen then the
    membranous part closes it
    19-What is the embryological origin of the stapedial artery?
    A-First aortic arch
    B-Second aortic arch
    C-Third aortic arch
    D-Fourth aortic arch
    20- In which meatus are you supposed to find irregular discharge if a patient is suffering
    from inflammation of the maxillary air sinus
    A-Sphenoethmoidal Recess
    B-Superior meatus
    C-Middle meatus
    D-Inferior meatus
    21- Which of the following paranasal air sinuses opens in the superior meatus
    A-Posterior ethmoidal
    B-Middle ethmoidal
    C-Anterior ethmoidal
    D-Maxillary
    22- If the peripheral part of the diaphragm is injured, the pain will be sensed due to which
    nerve?
    A-Phrenic
    B-Vagi
    C-upper 6 intercostal nerves
    D-Lower 6 intercostal nerves
    23- What is the rib that the lower border of the parietal pleura will cross the mid clavicular
    line?
    A-Rib 10
    B-R 9
    C-R 8
    D-R12
    24- Which vein drains the trachea
    A-Anterior jugular vein
    B-inferior thyroid
    C-superior thyroid
    D-subclavian
    25-A boy playing with a small car toy, suddenly, one of the car wheels fall in his mouth then
    the trachea, which of the following structures is the most common where the wheel stuck:
    A-Right primary bronchus
    B-Left primary bronchus
    C-Carina of trachea
    D-superior labor of left lung

    Histology
    26-Which is correct about the cardiomyocyte?
    A-T tubules at Z line
    B-Myofibrils in perfect register
    C-Intercalated disc at A-I junction
    D-Sarcoplasmic reticulum with T tubules form triads
    27- Which of the following is correct about the coronary arteries
    A-The musclo-elastic thickenings is absent in the elder people
    B-Tunica media is thinner compared to other muscular arteries
    C-Tunica adventitia has high collagen to elastic ratio
    D- Tunica adventitia has low collagen to elastic ratio
    28- Which of the following has prominent pinocytotic vesicles?
    A-Continuous capillaries
    B-medium sized reins
    C-sinusoid capillaries
    D-medium sized arteries
    29-

    What is the function of the following cell


    A-Proliferate during alveolar damage
    B-Represents 95%of the cells in alveoli
    C-it forms the alveolar side of blood air barrier
    D-its basal lamina is fused with the basal lamina of nearby capillaries
    Physiology
    30- A woman stands up from supine position, which of the following group of
    compensatory mechanisms will occur
    Total peripheral resistance Renal blood flow Heart rate

    1 Decrease Decrease Increase

    2 Decrease Increase Decrease

    3 Increase Decrease Increase

    4 Increase Increase Decrease

    A-1
    B-2
    C-3
    D-4
    31- What decreases p50?
    A-Increased temperature
    B-Increased PH
    C-Increased 2-3DPG
    D-Increased PCO2
    32- What is the difference between the fetal Hb and the mother's Hb at same PO2
    A-Increased O2 content and increased Hb O2 saturation
    B-Decreased O2 content and decreased Hb O2 saturation
    B-Decreased O2 content and increased Hb O2 saturation
    D-Constant O2 content and increased Hb O2 saturation
    33- What is the main cause of c wave in jugular venous pulse curve
    A-Contraction of right ventricle with bulging of the tricuspid valve into right atrium
    B-atrial relaxation
    C-opening of the tricuspid valve
    D-atrial systole
    34- Which of the following explains Frank-Starling law
    A-Increased heart rate increases the force of contraction
    B-Increased stroke volume due to increased venous return
    C-Parasympathetic supplying the heart
    D-sympathetic supplying the heart
    35- Which of the following decreases the systemic filling pressure
    A-Increased blood volume
    B-Increased venous compliance
    C-decrease venous compliance
    D-decrease venous pressure
    36- The capillary pressure is 35mmHg and the interstitial hydrostatic pressure is 2
    mmHg while the capillary osmotic pressure is 26 mmHg and the interstitial osmotic
    pressure is 2 mmHg, what is the net force and the direction of fluid movement?
    A-Absorption 9 mmHg
    B-Absorption 7 mmHg
    C-filtration 7 mmHg
    D-filtration 9 mmHg
    37- Which ion is responsible for release of ca from sarcoplasmic reticulum
    A-Na
    B-Ca
    C-K
    D-Cl
    38- If blood flow to an arm is obstructed for more than 30 seconds during BP
    measurement, the release of the cuff will be followed by a temporarily higher than
    resting level of blood flow through the arm. Which of the following best describes the
    temporarily higher blood flow?
    A- accumulation of local metabolites
    B-myogenic regulation
    C-systemic regulation
    D-increase sympathetic outflow
    39- A patient is being treated with a drug which acts as angiotensin II receptor
    blocker, what will be its effect
    A-increase his blood pressure
    C- increase aldosterone secretion
    C-increase water retention
    D-decrease his blood pressure
    40- Which of the following doesn't affect the diffusion of gases across the respiratory
    membrane
    A-thickness of the membrane
    B-Solubility of the gas
    C-Molecular weight of the gas
    D-Position of the subject
    41- A patient’s lung with a compliance of 150 ml/cmH2O, what is the pressure
    required to inspire a tidal volume of 600 ml
    A-4cmH2o
    B-8cmH2o
    C-6cmH2o
    D-10cmH2O
    42- What are the alveolar oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions in a patient with
    obstructed airways
    PO2=150mmHg, PCO2= 0mmHg
    PO2= 100mmHg, PCO2= 40mmHg
    PO2= 40mmHg, PCO2= 46mmHg
    PO2= 0mmHg, PCO2= 46mmHg
    43-What is the peripheral chemoreceptors responsive to?
    A-They respond to changes in arterial PO2 but not pH
    B-They respond to changes in PCO2 but not arterial PO2
    C-They respond to both arterial PCO2 and PO2
    D-They respond to changes in CSF
    44- A patient suffered from a head trauma which increased the intracranial pressure,
    what will be the CVS compensatory action?
    A-Increased blood pressure and decreased heart rate
    B-Increased blood pressure and increased heart rate
    C-Decreased blood pressure and decreased heart rate
    D-Decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate
    45-A patient came to emergency with pulmonary embolism, which is correct about
    his case?
    A-V/Q ratio is decreased
    B- there is shunt
    C-Po2 in inspired air equal Po2 in alveoli
    D-V/Q ratio in left lung is lower than right lung
    46- The phase 2 of the fast action potential is due to:
    A-opening of fast voltage-gated Na+ channels
    B-outflux of K and influx of Na
    C-outflux of Ca and influx of K
    D-influx of Ca and outflux of K
    47-why does smoking cause pulmonary edema?
    A-decrease surfactant
    B-increase surfactant
    C-increase the surface area of diffusion
    D-increase solubility of O2
    Integrated questions

    48- Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the pointed structure


    A-Highest compliance
    B-Lowest elasticity
    C-Highest viscosity
    D-Least resistance
    49-what is the site of termination of pointed structure?
    A-T4
    B-T3
    C-T2
    D- T5

    50- Which bronchopulmonary segments are present in the lobe pointed by the arrow
    A-Apical, anterior and posterior
    B-superior and inferior
    C-Medial and lateral
    D-anterior and posterior
    51- What is the histological feature of the bronchus supplying this bronchopulmonary
    segments?
    A-lined by respiratory epithelium
    B-has mixed glands in lamina propria
    C-lined by simple cuboidal epithelium
    D-covered by complete rings of cartilage
    Number Answer
    1 A
    2 B
    3 D
    4 B
    5 C
    6 C
    7 A
    8 B
    9 B
    10 C
    11 A
    12 C
    13 D
    14 B
    15 A
    16 D
    17 C
    18 D
    19 B
    20 C
    21 A
    22 D
    23 C
    24 B
    25 A
    26 A
    27 C
    28 A
    29 A
    30 C
    31 B
    32 A
    33 A
    34 B
    35 B
    36 D
    37 B
    38 A
    39 D
    40 D
    41 A
    42 C
    43 C
    44 A
    45 C
    46 D
    47 A
    48 D
    49 A
    50 C
    51 A

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