Seminar Report CFST Column
Seminar Report CFST Column
Seminar Report CFST Column
A SEMINAR REPORT
Submitted by
SACHINKUMAR P S
MBC15CE045
To
of
Bachelor of Technology
In
Civil Engineering
PEERMADE – 685531
October 2018
MAR BASELIOS CHRISTIAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY
PEERMADE- 685531
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the seminar report entitled “CONCRETE FILLED STEEL
TUBULAR (CFST) COLUMN” submitted by SACHINKUMAR P S to APJ Abdul
Kalam Technological University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award
of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering is bonafide record of the
seminar work carried out by him under our guidance and supervision. This report in any
form has not been submitted to any other University or Institute for any purpose.
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CONTENTS
Contents Page No
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 05
ABSTRACT 06
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
ABBREVIATIONS
1. INTRODUCTION 09
1.1 General
2. METHODOLOGY 10
2.1.1. Cement
2.1.2. Sand
2.2.MIX DESIGN
3.EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS 11
3.2.DETAILS OF SPESIMEN 13
3.2.1 Column
3
3.3.ADVANTAGES 15
3.4.DISADVANTAGES 17
4.1.MODELING
4.1.1.Modeling of specimen 15
4.1.2 Meshing
5.CONCLUSION 19
REFERENCES 20
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to express my thanks to prof Dr. Nivin Philip (Head of the civil
engineering department), Prof Mervin Eliyas Mathews for their support in the seminar
report.
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ABSTRACT
Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) structure is a composite structure and consists of a steel
tube that is filled up with concrete. There are many advantages of using composite
structure as compared to conventional reinforced concrete (RC) structure and steel
structure. Steel tubes in filled with composite foam concrete are cheaper and it is easier to
use in construction. The application of this composite structure has become increasingly
popular in structural applications. One of the main advantages is the interaction between
the steel tube and concrete: local buckling of the steel tube is delayed by the restraint of
the concrete, and the strength of concrete is increased by the confining effect of the steel
tube. Concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) support compression and bending loads in a very
effective manner. The concrete fill stabilizes the steel tube and prevents it from buckling
under load. And at the same time, the steel tube confines the concrete fill, which allows it
to support a higher compressive load. When designed to adequately transfer stress
between the steel tube and concrete fill, CFST elements are inherently stronger and stiffer
than their conventional reinforced concrete counterparts. These are valuable qualities for
bridges that are in seismically active regions and are on sites with soft liquefiable soils.
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LIST OF FIGURES
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LIST OF TABLES
Tube Section
Tube Section
ABRIVATIONS
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CHAPTER -1
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
Concrete filled steel tube columns have seen an increased usage in building structures
throughout the world use the advantages of both steel and concrete. They consist of a
hollow section of circular or rectangular steel filled with smooth or reinforced concrete.
They are widely used in high-rise and multi-storey buildings such as columns and beams-
columns, and as beams in low-rise industrial buildings where a robust and efficient
structural system is required. There are a number of distinct advantages related to such
structural systems in terms of structural performance and construction sequence. The
problem of inherent buckling related to thin walled steel pipes is avoided or delayed due
to the presence of the concrete core. In addition, the performance of the concrete filler is
improved due to the confinement effect exerted by the steel casing. The distribution of
materials in the cross-section also makes the system very efficient in terms of its
structural performance. The steel is located in the outer perimeter where it is realized with
greater effectiveness intensity and flexion. It also provides the highest stiffness since the
material is further away from the centroid. This, combined with much higher modulus of
elasticity, provides the greatest contribution to the moment of inertia. The concrete core
gives the greatest contribution to the axial compression strength. The use of steel pipes
filled with concrete in building construction has experienced a resurgence in recent years
mainly due to its simple construction sequence, in addition to its superior structural
behavior. Typically, it was used in composite structure structures. The hollow steel tubes
manufactured or laminated were first erected to support the construction load of the upper
floor. In a conventional CFST column system, concrete is filled in steel tubes which
typically continue throughout the full-height of a building. The steel tube is expected to
carry stresses in longitudinal direction caused by axial loading and moments, as well as
transverse stresses caused by shear and the internal passive pressure due to concrete
deformation, i.e., the confining stress.
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CHAPTER- 2
2. METHODOLOGY
2.1.1. Cement
The 53 grade of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was used for the entire project. The
specific gravity of cement was 3, fineness of cement was 6% and the normal consistency
was 33%.
2.1.2. Sand
Normal river sand or m-sand can be used. Its specific gravity and fineness modulus were
2.6 and 3.9, Water Locally available potable water with pH of 6 – 7 was used for mixing
and curing process.
Fe 415 grade of steel tubes confirmed with Indian Standard were used for this project.
2.2.MIX DESIGN
The mix design of M20 grade concrete was done as per IS 10262-2009 and the details of
proportion are given Table no. 1
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CHAPTER- 3
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
Compressive strength was tested to check the mix design on 150 x 150 x 150 mm cubes
after 7 days and 28 days of curing.
Cylinder specimens with 150 mm diameter and 300 mm height were made to check the
split tensile strength of concrete and the test was done after 7 days and 28 days of curing.
Steel tube or columns are usually thought of as straight vertical members whose lengths
are considerably greater than their cross-sectional dimensions. An initially straight tube or
column, compressed by gradually increasing equal and opposite axial forces at the ends is
considered first. When the applied loading is increased, the buckling deformation also
increases. Buckling occurs mainly in members subjected to compressive forces. If the
member has high bending stiffness, its buckling resistance is high. Also, when the
member length is increased, the buckling resistance is decreased
The classical Euler analysis of this problem makes the following assumptions.
• The material of which the strut is made is homogeneous and linearly elastic (i.e. it
obeys Hooke’s Law).
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• The loading is applied at the centroid of the cross section at the ends Columns are
analyzed by Euler Formula: Critical Load, Pcr = π2EI / Le2
The results for the 5 hollow section tests are summarized in TABLE 2.
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The results for the 5 concrete filled sections tests are summarized in TABLE 2.
3.2.1 Column
There are rectangular and circular columns. The hollow section of the steel tube was
filled with concrete and then. The concrete core and CFST column were tested after 28
days curing
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Fig 3 Rectangular CFST Column
Rectangular concrete filled steel tubes and Circular concrete filled steel tubes are being
used widely in real civil engineering projects due to their excellent static and earthquake
resistant properties, such as high strength, high ductility and large energy absorption
capacity. Concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) are also used extensively in other modern
civil engineering applications. When they are used as structural columns, especially in
high-rise buildings, the composite members may be subjected to high shearing force as
well as moments under wind or seismic actions. It may be noted here that mechanical and
economical benefits can be achieved if CFST columns are constructed taking advantages
of high-strength materials. For example, high strength concrete in fill contributes greater
damping and stiffness to CFST columns compare to normal strength concrete. Moreover,
high-strength CFST columns require a smaller cross-section to withstand the load, which
is appreciated by architects and building engineers new developments, including the use
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of high strength concrete and the credit of the enhanced local buckling capacity of the
steel has allowed much more economical designs to evolve. The main economy achieved
by using high strength concrete in thin steel casings is that the structural steel cost is
minimized and the majority of the load in compression is resisted by the high strength
concrete .However, bare steel or reinforced concrete columns are still used more
extensively than CFSTs due to the lack of knowledge and experience that Engineers have
with CFST structural systems.[
3.3.ADVANTAGES
The main advantages of CFT structural system in comparison with ordinary steel or
reinforced concrete system are listed below.
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Other advantages
3.4.DISADVANTAGES
However, the conventional CFT system also has its own disadvantages, such as,
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CHAPTER- 4
The application of CFST in tall buildings has been adopted in the form of partial columns in early
days, then their usage as full columns was adopted. This process has been very short, only a
decade long. There is no staying area for construction. It made the construction rather difficult.
There are a lot of new technology and experiences in design, fabrication, and construction of this
building. It offers a good example of the adoption of CFST columns in super tall buildings. It can
also promote the development of CFST structures in our country to a higher level.
The first engineering adopted CFST structure is the No.1 subway of Beijing. All the columns for
Beijing No.2 subway. The steel ingot work- shop of Benxi steel company built in 1972, was the
first industrial building with CFST columns. The highest tall building which adopted CFST is
Shenzhen SEG Plaza building was completed in 2000. It is the highest one in China and abroad.
The CFST members were used as the external columns of the frame as well inside as concrete
shear walls. The diameter of the columns used in the building ranges from 900mm to 1600mm.
They were brought to the site in lengths of three storeys and concrete was poured from the top
of the column. The critical design loads for the SEG Plaza building were seismic and wind loads.
Therefore, rigid connections between the steel beams and the concrete filled tubes were used. A
CFST Arch Bridge was also constructed in china, of the span 115m over the china‟s Wenchang
river. The Canton tower is one of the most spectacular structures of recent times built using
CFST members. With a height of 612m becomes the highest TV tower in the world, surpassing
the CN Tower in Toronto with 553m. The entire tower was completed in 2010 and put into
operation for the Asian Games that year
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4.1.MODELING
4.1.1.Modeling of specimen
For the modeling of specimen in Ansys, first types of the specimen and its properties
were selected like Poisson ratio, Young modulus and density of the material. After that in
geometry section model was created as per the size
4.1.2 Meshing
After the modeling done in this part material was selected for the model and bond was
created between two material concrete and steel tube. Meshing was to help to build bond
between two materials and then the CFST beam and column specimens were created.
CHAPTER- 5
CONCLUSION
The concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column are recommended for high-rise and
multi-story buildings such as columns and beams-columns, and beams in low rise
industrial buildings where a efficient structural system is required
The problem of inherent buckling related to thin walled steel pipes is avoided or
delayed due to the presence of the concrete core.
The performance of the concrete filler is improved due to the confinement effect
exerted by the steel casing
The distribution of materials in the cross-section also makes the system very
efficient in terms of its structural performance.
The steel is located in the outer perimeter where it is realized with greater
effectiveness intensity and flexion. It also provides the highest stiffness since the
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material is further away from the centroid. This, combined with much higher
modulus of elasticity, provides the greatest contribution to the moment of inertia.
The concrete core gives the greatest contribution to the axial compression
strength. The use of steel pipes filled with concrete in building construction has
experienced a resurgence mainly due to its simple construction sequence, in
addition to its superior structural behavior. Typically, it was used in composite
structure structures
REFERENCES
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