The graph below gives information about Dubai gold sales in

2002.
The diagram illustrates how gold sales in Dubai changed from January to December
2002. Overall, the figure fluctuated widely before returning to its original level at the
end of the year. Besides, gold sales were at their highest in March, while the weakest
figures could be observed in July and September.

In January the figure stood at 200 million (200m) dirhams and rose slightly to reach
about 225m in February. This was followed by another increase, although much
steeper, in March, when sales hit 350m. However, this upward trend was suddenly
broken, and sales declined dramatically over the next 4 months to reach a little over
100m in July. August sales saw a significant rise back to January levels, as the figure
nearly doubled, but it dropped again in September to the same level as it was in July.
There was a small increase of about 100m dirhams in October, after which the figure
levelled off and remained relatively unchanged over the last two months of 2002.
Version 1

The line graph shows variations in the weekly consumption of fish and three types of meat
in one European country from 1979 to 2004. Although there were fluctuations, overall,
people in this country consistently ate more meat than fish, and the general trend was to
move away from beef and lamb as chicken became the dominant food in this category.

In the first decade, beef was consumed in significantly higher quantities than the other
foods listed. Despite an initial sharp fall to approximately 175 grams, it then recovered
reaching a high of close to 240 grams per week. However, from 1989 onwards, beef
consumption fell almost continually, and by 2004 had almost halved. Lamb almost exactly
mirrored this fluctuation trend, falling from second highest initially (at 150 grams) to
approximately 60 grams per week by the end of the period.

In contrast, chicken climbed from less than 150 grams in 1979 and took the lead from
around 1990 onwards. Interestingly, the increases in chicken corresponded with the
declines in beef and lamb, and by 2002 chicken consumption had exceeded all previous
rates, reaching approximately 260 grams a week, although this peal was not maintained.

Fish was consistently eaten the least, beginning at around 60 grams per week then
dropping to bellow 50 grams. While it was the lowest, it remained relatively stable for the
majority of the period.

Band 9
(228 words)
Version 2

The graph illustrates changes in the amount of beef, lamb, chicken and fish
consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004. Overall,
the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while
the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.

In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams
consumed per person per week. Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar
quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50
grams). However, during this 25- year period the consumption of beef and lamb
fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. The
consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50
grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were
the most stable.

The consumption chicken, on the other hand, showed and upward trend,
overtaking that for lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared
to almost 250 grams per person per week.

Band 8.0
(173 words)
Version 3

The diagram compares changes in consumption figures for different kinds of meat and
fish in a country in Europe from 1979 to 2004. Overall, although beef was initially the
most popular type of meat, it was overtaken by chicken towards the end of the survey.
In contrast, the figure for fish remained the least significant throughout the period.

In the first year, beef had a consumption of about 225 grams per person per week, after
which it experienced a sudden drop of 50 before increasing to about 230 in 1984.
There were small fluctuations until 1989, which was followed by a dramatic decrease
to around half as high as its original level in 2004.

The figure for lamb was initially almost as high as that for chicken (around 150
grams). However, while the former declined gradually as it reached approximately 60
in the last year, the latter saw a considerable growth and outstripped beef consumption
in 1989, peaking at 250 in 2004. Fish consumption was originally approximately 60
grams and experienced a small fall of about 10 over the period.

Band 8.0
(180 words)
The graph shows energy consumption in the US from 1980 to 2012, and
projected consumption to 2030. Overall, the US will continue to rely on fossil
fuel, with sustainable and nuclear energy sources remaining relatively
insignificantly.

Petrol and oil are the dominant fuel source throughout this period, with 35
quadrillion (35q) units used in 1980, rising to 42q in 2012. Despite some initial
fluctuation, from 1995 there was a steady increase. This is expected to continue,
reaching 47q in 2030.

Consumption of energy derived from natural gas and coal is similar over the
period. From 20q and 15q respectively in 1980, gas showed an initial fall and
coal a gradual increase, with the two fuel equal between 1985 and 1990.
Consumption has fluctuated since 1990 but both now provided 24q. coal is
predicted to increase steadily to 31q in 2030, whereas after 2014, gas will
remain stable at 25q.

In 1980, energy from nuclear, hydro- and solar/wind power was equal at only
4q. Nuclear has risen by 3q, and solar/wind by 2q. After slight increases,
hydropower has fallen back to the 1980 figure. It is expected to maintain this
level until 2030 while the others should rise slightly after 2025.

Band 8.0
(200 words)
The graph bellow gives information about consumption of
energy in one country between 2000 and 2020 with
projections until 2050.
The line graph shows usage levels of different types of energy in one country
from 2000 to 2020, and projections up to 2050. Overall, total energy use is
predicted to rise, with fossil fuels consistently far exceeding green energy, and
petrol and oil remaining the dominant source of fuel.

With non-renewable, in the first twenty years, petrol and oil consumption
increased from 35 to just 40 quadrillion units, despite several falls, and is
expected to rise to just bellow 50 quadrillion in 2050. Coal use followed a similar
pattern, albeit at lower rate. It remained relatively stable at around 23
quadrillion units from 2015 and is predicted to increase from 2025, eventually
reaching 33 quadrillion. In contrast, use of natural gas has fluctuated continually
and is expected to peak at 25 quadrillion units in 2035 before declining.

Notably, more sustainable energy sources are used far less, all remaining close
to 5 quadrillion units up to 2020. Nuclear energy has led this sector since 2010
and is expected to continue to do so with a peak of approximately 7 quadrillion
units in 2025. Despite a predicted downward trend units 2045, it should regain
this level in 2050. Solar and wind are forecast to mirror nuclear’s rising trend,
increasing to around six quadrillion units, while hydropower generally declined
from 2015 and is projected to remain the lowest at around 3 quadrillion units.

Band 9
(230 words)
The line graph shows changing trends in car ownership in the UK from 1951 to
2007. Overall, car ownership increased significantly during this period and there
is an increasing trend for households to have more than one car.

At the beginning of this period, in 1951, car ownership was uncommon in the
UK, with only just over 10% of the population owning one car and
approximately 2% of households owning two cars. However, the situation
changed quite rapidly over the next 16 years and by 1967, approximately 45% of
household owned a car and just under 10% had two cars.

Over the next 40 years, from 1967 to 2007, single-car families remained
relatively stable at around 45%. In contrast, the percentage of households
without a car continued to fall, albeit slightly less sharply. This continued decline
corresponded with increases in the ownership of multiple cars, with owning two
cars rising to just under 30% in 2007, while three or more cars accounted for
just under 10%. Notably, households having two cars increased to a greater
degree than three or more cars during this period, and the trend for three or
more did not begin until towards the end of the 1960s.
The graph below shows the proportion of the population
aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three
different countries.
Version 1

The graph shows the increase in the ageing population in Japan, Sweden and
the LISA. It indicates that the percentage of elderly people in all three countries
is expected to increase to almost 25% of the respective populations by the year
2040.

In 1940 the proportion of people aged 65 or more stood at only 5% in Japan,

approximately 7% in Sweden and 9% in the US. However, while the figures for
the Western countries grew to about 15% in around 1990, the figure for Japan
dipped to only 2.5% for much of this period, before rising to almost 5% again at
the present time.

In spite of some fluctuation in the expected percentages, the proportion of

older people will probably continue to increase in the next two decades in the
three countries. A more dramatic rise is predicted between 2030 and 2040 in
Japan, by which time it is thought that the proportion of elderly people will be
similar in the three countries.

164 words
Version 2

The line graph compares the percentage of people aged 65 or more in three
countries over a period of 100 years. It is clear that the proportion of elderly
people increases in each country between 1940 and 2040. Japan is expected
to see the most dramatic changes in its elderly population.

In 1940, around 9% of Americans were aged 65 or over, compared to about

7% of Swedish people and 5% of Japanese people. The proportions of
elderly people in the USA and Sweden rose gradually over the next 50 years,
reaching just under 15% in 1990. By contrast, the figures for Japan remained
below 5% until the early 2000s.

Looking into the future, a sudden increase in the percentage of elderly

people is predicted for Japan, with a jump of over 15% in just 10 years from
2030 to 2040. By 2040, it is thought that around 27% of the Japanese
population will be 65 years old or more, while the figures for Sweden and
the USA will be slightly lower, at about 25% and 23% respectively.

178 words
The graph below shows the quantities of goods transported in
the UK between 1974 and 2002 by four different modes of
transport.
Version 1

The diagram compares the different quantities of goods that were transported in
the United Kingdom using four means of transportation from 1974 to 2002.
Overall, the figure for road ranked first throughout the period, while that for
pipeline stood last. All modes experienced rises, except for railways which
mainly showed fluctuations.

Road transport initially stood at 70 million tonnes, rising rather steadily until
1992 when it reached about 80 million. After a sudden surge in 1999, it
continued to rise steadily for another 3 years to reach a high of just below 100
million in 2002.

The figures for water and rail transport remained stable at 40 million from 1974
to 1978, after which the former rose significantly to about 60 million before
dropping slightly in 1999, followed by another increase to 65 million in 2002. In
contrast, the latter fluctuated widely over the rest of the period, returning to its
initial figure in 2002.

Goods transported via pipeline rose gradually in quantity from 5 million in 1974
to just over 20 million in 1995, following which the figure levelled off.

Band 8.0
(181 words)
Version 2

The line graph gives information about the quantities of goods which were
transported in the United Kingdom by four different types of transport between
1979 and 2002. Over this span of 28 years, the quantities of goods transported
by road, water and pipelines increased while the quantity transported by rail
remained almost constant at about 40 million tonnes.

The largest quantity of goods transported both in 1974 and 2002 was by road
(70 million tonnes and 98million tonnes respectively) while the lowest both in
1974 and 2002 was by pipeline (about 5 million tonnes and 22 millions tonnes
respectively). The amount of goods transported by water was conctant from
1974 to 1978, where it showed an exponential growth, rising to almost 60
million tonnes after which it plateaued for about 20 years before starting to rise
gradually again.

The amount of goods transported by rail was almost constant at 40 million

tonnes in 1974 and 2002, with decreases in the quantity in between the years. It
is also interesting to note that almost all showed a decrease in 1994 in the
amount goods transported except for the pipeline, which actually peaked in that
year.

In conclusion, the road remains the most popular method of transporting goods
in the UK while water and pipelines became increasingly used. However, rail did
not become more popular as a method of transport.

Band 8.0
(228 words)
The line chart below shows the results of a survey giving the
reasons why people moved to the capital of a particular
country.
The diagram shows how the number of people moving to the capital of a certain
country for different reasons changed from 2000 to 2015. Overall, all figures
rose, albeit to varying degrees, and while employment remained the most
significant purpose for migration throughout the period, adventure was the
least.

The figure for those moving for employment purposes was the largest
throughout the period, rising from an initial 60000 to a high of just over 90000
in 2010 before declining gradually to just below 90000 in 2015.

Those migrating to study numbered 25000 in 2000 and rose dramatically during
the next 15 years, reaching the same level as employment in the final year
(around 90000), although the growth slowed between 2005 and 2010.

The number of people who migrated to be with friends and family was initially
as high as the figure for those who moved for adventure at just over 10000.
However, while the former saw a gradual increase until 2010 when it levelled
off at about 22000, the latter grew steadily, reaching 15000 in 2015.

176 Words
The line graph illustrates how many people lived in poverty across the United
States between 1970 and 2015 broken down into suburbs, cities, small metros
and rural areas. Overall, there was an increase in poverty levels over the period
across all groups with the exception of rural areas. Also, there was a notable
increase in poverty from the year 2000.

In 1970, just over 7 million people in cities lived in poverty, a number that rose
steadily, reaching a total of just under 13 million people by 2015. Poverty levels
in 1970 for suburban areas were similar to those of cities at just under 7 million.
These areas then saw similar steady rises in poverty to those experienced by
cities. However, from the year 2000, poverty levels in suburbs rose sharply,
which resulted in suburbs having more people in poverty than any other
community type at a final figure of 16 million people.

At the beginning of the period, the total number of people in poverty was the
lowest in small metros, at just over 5 million. As was the case for cities and
suburbs, this number rose over the period and reached almost 10 million by
2015. In contrast, poverty in rural areas saw a slight decrease over the period,
falling to slightly under its opening level of 8 million by the end of the period.
This graph illustrates how crime rates altered in Newport inner city during the
period 2003-2012. We can see immediately that the greatest change occurred in
the number of burglaries, while incidents of theft remained low but steady.

In 2003, we can see that burglary was the most common crime, with
approximately 3,400 reported cases. The figure rose to around 3,700 in 2004, but
then there was a downward trend until 2008. At this point the figure stood at just
over 1,000 incidents. This rose slightly in 2009, then continued to fluctuate for
the remaining period.

In 2003, the number of cars being stolen stood at around 2,800 and followed a
similar trend to burglary until 2006. At this point the number rose, standing at
around 2,200 in 2007. There was a marginal decrease in the following year, but
from then on, the trend was generally upwards.

Finally. robbery has always been a fairly minor problem for Newport. The
number of offences committed changed little over nine years. It is interesting to
note that the figure of approximately 700 in 2003 is the same figure for 2012.
The graph below shows changes in global food and oil
prices between 2000 and 2011.
The line graph compares the average price of a barrel of oil with the food
price index over a period of 11 years. It is clear that average global prices of
both oil and food rose considerably between 2000 and 2011. Furthermore,
the trends for both commodities were very similar, and so a strong
correlation (93.6%) is suggested.

In the year 2000, the average global oil price was close to $25 per barrel, and
the food price index stood at just under 90 points. Over the following four
years both prices remained relatively stable, before rising steadily between
2004 and 2007. By 2007, the average oil price had more than doubled, to
nearly $60 per barrel, and food prices had risen by around 50 points.

A dramatic increase in both commodity prices was seen from 2007 to 2008,
with oil prices reaching a peak of approximately $130 per barrel and the
food price index rising to 220 points. However, by the beginning of 2009 the
price of oil had dropped by roughly $90, and the food price index was down
by about 80 points. Finally, in 2011, the average oil price rose once again, to
nearly $100 per barrel, while the food price index reached its peak, at almost
240 points.

211 words
The graph below shows the amounts of waste produced by
three companies over a period of 15 years.
The line graph compares three companies in terms of their waste output
between the years 2000 and 2015. It is clear that there were significant
changes in the amounts of waste produced by all three companies shown on
the graph. While companies A and B saw waste output fall over the 15-year
period, the amount of waste produced by company C increased considerably.

In 2000, company A produced 12 tonnes of waste, while companies B and C

produced around 8 tonnes and 4 tonnes of waste material respectively. Over
the following 5 years, the waste output of companies B and C rose by around
2 tonnes, but the figure for company A fell by approximately 1 tonne.

From 2005 to 2015, company A cut waste production by roughly 3 tonnes,

and company B reduced its waste by around 7 tonnes. By contrast, company
C saw an increase in waste production of approximately 4 tonnes over the
same 10-year period. By 2015, company C’s waste output had risen to 10
tonnes, while the respective amounts of waste from companies A and B had
dropped to 8 tonnes and only 3 tonnes.

192 words
The first chart below gives information about the money
spent by British parents on their children’s sports
between 2008 and 2014. The second chart shows the
number of children who participated in three sports in
Britain over the same time period.
The line graphs show the average monthly amount that parents in Britain
spent on their children’s sporting activities and the number of British
children who took part in three different sports from 2008 to 2014. It is
clear that parents spent more money each year on their children’s
participation in sports over the six-year period. In terms of the number of
children taking part, football was significantly more popular than athletics
and swimming.

In 2008, British parents spent an average of around £20 per month on their
children’s sporting activities. Parents’ spending on children’s sports
increased gradually over the following six years, and by 2014 the average
monthly amount had risen to just over £30.

Looking at participation numbers, in 2008 approximately 8 million British

children played football, while only 2 million children were enrolled in
swimming clubs and less than 1 million practised athletics. The figures for
football participation remained relatively stable over the following 6 years.
By contrast, participation in swimming almost doubled, to nearly 4 million
children, and there was a near fivefold increase in the number of children
doing athletics.

185 words
The graph below shows trends in US meat and poultry
consumption.
The line graph shows changes in the per capita consumption of beef, pork,
broilers and turkey in the United States between 1955 and 2012. It is
noticeable that beef was by far the most popular of the four types of meat for
the majority of the 57-year period. However, a considerable rise can be seen
in the consumption of broilers, with figures eventually surpassing those for
beef.

Between 1955 and 1976, US beef consumption rose from around 60 to a

peak of 90 pounds per person per year. During the same period,
consumption of broilers also rose, to nearly 30 pounds per person, while the
figures for pork fluctuated between 50 and 40 pounds per person. Turkey
was by far the least popular meat, with figures below 10 pounds per capita
each year.

By 2012, the amount of beef consumed by the average American had

plummeted to around 50 pounds, but the consumption of broilers had
doubled since the 1970s, to approximately 55 pounds per capita. By
contrast, there were no significant changes in the trends for pork and turkey
consumption over the period as a whole.

187 words
The graph below shows the average number of UK
commuters travelling each day by car, bus or train
between 1970 and 2030.
The line graph compares figures for daily travel by workers in the UK using
three different forms of transport over a period of 60 years. It is clear that
the car is by far the most popular means of transport for UK commuters
throughout the period shown. Also, while the numbers of people who use
the car and train increase gradually, the number of bus users falls steadily.

In 1970, around 5 million UK commuters travelled by car on a daily basis,

while the bus and train were used by about 4 million and 2 million people
respectively. In the year 2000, the number of those driving to work rose to 7
million and the number of commuting rail passengers reached 3 million.
However, there was a small drop of approximately 0.5 million in the number
of bus users.

By 2030, the number of people who commute by car is expected to reach

almost 9 million, and the number of train users is also predicted to rise, to
nearly 5 million. By contrast, buses are predicted to become a less popular
choice, with only 3 million daily users.

188 words
The graph below shows US consumers' average annual
expenditures on cell phone and residential phone services
between 2001 and 2010.
The line graph compares average yearly spending by Americans on mobile
and landline phone services from 2001 to 2010. It is clear that spending on
landline phones fell steadily over the 10-year period, while mobile phone
expenditure rose quickly. The year 2006 marks the point at which
expenditure on mobile services overtook that for residential phone services.

In 2001, US consumers spent an average of nearly $700 on residential phone

services, compared to only around $200 on cell phone services. Over the
following five years, average yearly spending on landlines dropped by nearly
$200. By contrast, expenditure on mobiles rose by approximately $300.

In the year 2006, the average American paid out the same amount of money
on both types of phone service, spending just over $500 on each. By 2010,
expenditure on mobile phones had reached around $750, while the figure
for spending on residential services had fallen to just over half this amount.

162 words
The graph shows the percentage of internet users in
three countries from 1999 to 2009.
The line graph compares the percentage of people in three countries who
used the Internet between 1999 and 2009. It is clear that the proportion of
the population who used the Internet increased in each country over the
period shown. Overall, a much larger percentage of Canadians and
Americans had access to the Internet in comparison with Mexicans, and
Canada experienced the fastest growth in Internet usage.

In 1999, the proportion of people using the Internet in the USA was about
20%. The figures for Canada and Mexico were lower, at about 10% and 5%
respectively. In 2005, Internet usage in both the USA and Canada rose to
around 70% of the population, while the figure for Mexico reached just over
25%.

By 2009, the percentage of Internet users was highest in Canada. Almost

100% of Canadians used the Internet, compared to about 80% of Americans
and only 40% of Mexicans.

151 words