Syntax

SKH SPOKEN ENGLISH ONLINE COURSE
GRAMMAR | SPOKEN | CONVERSATION | PRONUNCIATION |ONE TO ONE DISCUSSION

03 HOURS A DAY | 03 TIMES A DAY | 10:00 AM TO 11:00 PM
GRAMMAR WITH SKH FOUNDATION LEVEL
TOPIC : SYNTAX (Word Order)
Pillars Of English  Sounds  Syntax GrammarVocabulary
ListeningSpeakingReadingWriting Language Expert
CONTENT WORDS VS STRUCTURAL WORDS

CONTENT WORDS :NOUN, VERB, ADJECTIVE , ADVERB (VOCABULARY)
Verbal Error: I have done Masters in 2004. I did Masters in 2004.
Tenses + Modal Verbs + Structures = Conditional Sentences  Passive Voice
I write a letter.  A letter is written.
I should write a letter. A letter should be written.
I have to write a letter. A letter has to be written.
If I write a letter, I will inform you. If a letter is written , you will be informed.
STRUCTURAL WORDS: ARTICLES, PREPOSITIONS, CONJUNCTIONS, AUXILIARY VERBS.

 He went to Lahore with his friend by PIA to attend an important event but the event
cancelled and he came back by train on Sunday.
 I am going to Lahore with my son on Saturday by Daewoo at 09 PM to attend an

important meeting.
SKH SPOKEN ENGLISH ONLINE COURSE |SKH IELTS|PTE ONLINE PREPARATION

NOTES COMPILED BY SIR HASEEB UR REHMAN (TEACHING SINCE 2004)
WHATSAPP: SPOKEN ENGLISH 03102273564 | IELTS/PTE 03456081822
YOUTUBE: @SKHSPOKENENGLISH | @SKHIELTSONLINE | @SKHPTEACADEMIC
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 I wake up at 7:00 AM every day.
 After waking up, I brush my teeth and wash my face.
 For breakfast, I usually have oatmeal and a cup of coffee.
 I leave for work at 8:30 AM and take the bus to the office.
 My workday starts at 9:00 AM, and I spend the morning attending meetings and working
on projects.
 During lunchtime, I take a break and have a sandwich or a salad.
 In the afternoon, I continue my work and occasionally take short breaks to stretch.
 I finish work at 5:00 PM and head home, again taking the bus.
 Once I'm home, I like to relax by watching TV or reading a book.
 I have dinner around 7:00 PM, and after that, I spend some time chatting with family or
friends before going to bed at 10:00 PM.
I wake up at 7:00 AM every day and begin my morning routine by brushing my

teeth and washing my face. For breakfast, I usually opt for oatmeal accompanied
by a cup of coffee. At 8:30 AM, I leave for work, taking the bus to the office. The
workday officially starts at 9:00 AM, engaging me in meetings and project tasks
throughout the morning. During the lunch break, I enjoy a sandwich or a salad. In
the afternoon, I continue with work, taking short breaks to stretch and recharge.
By 5:00 PM, I finish work and head home, once again relying on the bus for
transportation. Upon arriving home, I unwind by watching TV or reading a book.
Dinner is typically around 7:00 PM, followed by some time spent chatting with
family or friends. Finally, I retire for the night at 10:00 PM.
03170296209 WhatsApp Sir Haseeb

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TOPIC : KINDS OF A SENTENCE
o LETTERS SMALL/CAPITAL  Vowels/Consonants
o WORD Content Words 
Verbs/Adjectives/Noun/Adverb
o Structural Words  Articles/Prepositions/Conjunctions
o PHRASE NOUN PHRASE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
o CLAUSE:  INDEPENDENT CLAUSE DEPENDENT CLAUSE
o SENTENCE: AFF/NEG/QUE/QUESTION WITH WH WORDS
o :PARAGRAPH ESSAY/ARTICLE/STORY/APPLICATION

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I know him.  In the class  When I came

 What is Phrase?
A Phrase is a group of words which gives us some meaning. Or A phrase is a group of words
that function as a single unit within a sentence. It does not have a subject and a predicate,
which means it does not express a complete thought on its own .
Noun Phrases
a red apple an old book the beautiful beach
a fast car the bright moon an interesting idea
a fluffy dog the warm sun a big elephant
the cozy house a shiny computer the vast ocean
an aromatic cup of coffee the majestic mountains a tall tree
the endless sky a playful cat the twinkling stars
a wooden chair the serene river a colorful butterfly
an exotic island the bustling city a soft pillow
the mysterious forest a buzzing bee the tranquil lake
a delicious cake the noisy street a cool breeze
the lush garden an elegant dress the historic museum
a charming smile the chirping birds a friendly neighbor
the crowded market a peaceful moment an adventurous journey
Prepositional Phrases
on the table under the tree beside the river
in the car behind the house across the street
above the clouds through the forest among the flowers
between the mountains near the beach around the corner
below the surface inside the box outside the window
by the door against the wall within reach
throughout the day along the path over the rainbow
within the city across the ocean towards the sun
beyond the horizon past the bridge onto the roof
underneath the stars onto the stage between the lines
over the hill onto the field beyond the forest
under the moonlight along the coastline within the community
between the buildings across the desert near the park

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 What is Clause?
A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb (predicate). Unlike a phrase, a
clause can express a complete thought and can function as a sentence on its own or as a part of a
larger sentence.
There are two main types of clauses:
Independent clause: An independent clause is a complete sentence that can stand alone and
express a complete thought. It contains a subject and a predicate, and it does not depend on any
other clause to convey its meaning. Example: "She likes to read books." (This is a complete sentence
and forms an independent clause.)
Dependent (or subordinate) clause: A dependent clause is a group of words that also
contains a subject and a (verb) predicate but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It depends
on an independent clause to complete its meaning. Dependent clauses often begin with
subordinating conjunctions (e.g., because, if, when, although, since). Example: "Because she likes to
read books," (This is a dependent clause and cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It depends
on the independent clause to form a complete thought.)
Independent Clause / SentenceAff-Neg-Question

She walked to the store. The sun shines brightly in the sky.
They played soccer in the park. He studied for his exam all night.
We went for a hike in the mountains. The dog barked loudly at the mailman.
I enjoy reading books in my free time. They traveled to Europe last summer.
The children played happily in the ground. She cooked dinner for her family.
Dependent Clause
When I was young If it rains tomorrow Although he tried his best
Because she was tired Since it was late While I was studying
After they finished dinner Before the movie starts As soon as he arrives
Until she comes back Unless you hurry up Provided that they agree
Even if it takes all night Whenever he calls Wherever she goes
Whichever option they choose Whoever wins the game Whose car is parked outside
What I need to do Which book you prefer Whose turn it is
Whoever wants to join Whatever he decides Whenever they arrive
However you look at it Whichever way you go Whether they come or not
While I was cooking dinner After we finish our work Although it seemed impossible
Since I lost my keys When they arrive home Until the sun sets
After he finishes his homework Before she goes to bed Although it was cold outside
If I call Sara, she will come.  Sara will come if I call her.

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 What is sentence?
A sentence is a group of words which gives us complete meaning. A sentence

normally ends on (full-stop, question mark or mark of exclamation).
o Kinds of a Sentence:
o Affirmative Sentences:
a) The cat is sleeping peacefully.
b) I love chocolate ice cream.
c) They won the championship.
d) She is a talented musician.
e) We are going on a vacation next week.
o Negative Sentences:
a) He does not want to go to the party.

b) The movie was not enjoyable.
c) They never eat spicy food.
d) I cannot swim.
e) She hasn't finished her homework yet.
o Interrogative Sentence: (Yes/No Question/ Question With WH-Word)
a) Did you watch the latest episode of the TV show? ~ Yes I did.
b) Where is the nearest post office? ~ At the bus-stop
c) Have you seen my car keys? ~ No, I haven’t.
d) What time is the meeting? ~ At 08:00 AM
e) Can you lend me some money? ~ No, I can’t

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o Imperative Sentences: (Advice , Request , Order and Instructions)
a) Close the window, please. (Request)

b) Take out the trash before you leave. (Order)
c) Study hard for your exams. (Advice)
d) Be kind to others. (Advice/Request)
e) Don't forget to call your parents. (Negative/Order)
o Exclamatory Sentences:
a) What a stunning sunset!

b) I can't believe we won the lottery!
c) How delicious this cake tastes!
d) Wow, that performance was incredible!
e) What a small world we live in!
o Optative Sentences:
a) May you have a prosperous year ahead!

b) I wish you good luck in your new job!
c) May all your dreams come true!
d) I hope you enjoy your vacation!
e) May peace prevail in the world!

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Identify whether It is sentence , dependent clause , Prepositional Phrase, Noun Phrase
1. They are going on a vacation.
2. The curious little kitten
3. Under the bridge
4. When the sun sets
5. The sky is clear and blue.
6. A delicious chocolate cake
7. Across the street
8. If you study hard
9. The tall oak tree
10. Inside the house
11. Because she was tired
12. We went to the beach yesterday.
13. His old leather jacket
14. Since it started raining
15. A bright sunny day
16. I enjoy eating ice cream.
17. Although he tried his best
18. The fluffy white clouds
19. When the bell rings
20. Between the trees

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21. Her sparkling diamond necklace
22. He plays the guitar beautifully.
23. The busy city streets
24. Above the clouds
25. If they arrive on time
26. She is studying for her exams.
27. In the garden
28. The cat chased the mouse.
29. Beyond the horizon
30. Because the car broke down
31. The sky is clear and blue.
32. A cozy wooden cabin
33. The flowers bloom in spring.
34. On the table
35. Since they won the game
36. Near the beach
37. The sun rises in the east.
38. By the river
39. She loves to read books.
40. While she was cooking dinner

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Answers 1. Sentence 2. Noun Phrase
3. Prepositional Phrase 4. Dependent Clause 5. Sentence
6. Noun Phrase 7. Prepositional Phrase 8. Dependent Clause
9. Noun Phrase 10. Prepositional Phrase 11. Dependent Clause
12. Sentence 13. Noun Phrase 14. Dependent Clause
15. Noun Phrase 16. Sentence 17. Dependent Clause
18. Noun Phrase 19. Dependent Clause 20. Prepositional Phrase
21. Noun Phrase 22. Sentence 23. Noun Phrase
24. Prepositional Phrase 25. Dependent Clause 26. Sentence
27. Prepositional Phrase 28. Sentence 29. Prepositional Phrase
30. Dependent Clause 31. Sentence 32. Noun Phrase
33. Sentence 34. Prepositional Phrase 35. Dependent Clause
36. Prepositional Phrase 37. Sentence 38. Prepositional Phrase
39. Sentence 40. Dependent Clause

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TOPIC : VARIATION OF A SENTENCE (IELTS)
Phrase  Clause  Sentence (03170296209)
In the class – an important meeting
When she came | if you work hard
I will inform you. | I will not disturb you.
 Variation of a Sentence:
Simple Sentence/Independent Clause
 She writes a letter.
 She calls me on Sunday.
Compound Sentence: Independent Clause + Independent Clause
 She writes a letter and sometimes she calls me on Sunday.
Complex Sentence: Dependent Clause + Independent Clause

 If you work hard, you will get success.
Compound Complex Sentence: Independent Clause + Independent Clause +

Dependent Clause
 She writes a letter and sometimes she calls me on Sunday if she has any
important thing to discuss.

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Sara calls me every day. (Simple)
Sara calls me every day and we talk for 2 hours. (Compound)
If my wife comes to know, She will kill me. (Complex)
When Sara calls me, I normally speak in English and talk to her for 2 hours. (Compound
Complex)
 Simple Sentence: A simple sentence consists of one independent clause, which
contains a subject and a predicate. It expresses a complete thought.
a) She ran to catch the bus.

b) The sun is shining brightly.
c) John likes to play the guitar.
d) I enjoy reading books.
e) The cat is sleeping peacefully.
 Compound Sentence: A compound sentence consists of two or more

independent clauses, which are connected by coordinating conjunctions (such as
"and," "but," "or," "so," etc.) or punctuation marks (such as a semicolon).
COMPOUND = SIMPLE + SIMPLE

COMPOUND = SIMPLE + SIMPLE + SIMPLE
a) I went to the store, and I bought some groceries.
b) She loves playing soccer, but she also enjoys swimming.
c) He studied hard for the exam; therefore, he got an A.
d) I can walk to work, or I can take the bus.
e) The sky is clear, so let’s go shopping.

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 Complex Sentence: A complex sentence consists of one independent clause
and one or more dependent clauses. A dependent clause relies on the independent
clause to form a complete thought.
Complex = Independent Clause + Dependent Clause

a) After I finish my work, I will go for a walk.
b) She ate dinner while watching her favorite TV show.
c) Because it was raining, they decided to stay indoors.
d) He cannot play basketball unless he wears proper shoes.
e) I will help you with your homework if you need assistance.
 Compound-Complex Sentence: A compound-complex sentence consists of

two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
COMPOUND COMPLEX = SIMPLE + SIMPLE + DEPENDENT CLAUSE
a) She went to the store, and I stayed home because I wasn't feeling well.
b) They studied hard for the exam, but they didn't perform well because they
were not well-prepared.
c) After she finished her presentation, she answered questions from the
audience, and everyone applauded.
d) He enjoys playing tennis, but he prefers swimming when the weather is hot
because it helps him stay cool.
e) Although he was tired, he decided to stay up late and watch a movie, but he
fell asleep halfway through.

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 Simple Sentences
1. The cat slept on the mat.
2. Birds chirp in the morning.
3. The sun rises in the east.
4. She runs every morning.
5. The flower blooms in spring.
6. He reads books every night.
7. The car honked loudly.
8. I eat breakfast early.
9. The dog barks loudly.
10. The sky is blue.
11. Trees sway in the wind.
12. She dances gracefully.
13. He drinks water before bed.
14. The baby cries for milk.
15. The clock ticks quietly.
16. They play soccer after school.
17. I drink coffee in the morning.
18. She sings beautifully.
19. The rain falls softly.
20. The moon shines at night.
21. He walks to school every day.
22. The river flows gently.
23. Birds build nests in trees.
24. She paints pictures on canvas.
25. The wind blows softly.
26. I write in my journal daily.
27. The children laugh and play.
28. He watches TV in the evening.
29. She cooks dinner for her family.
30. The stars twinkle in the sky.
These sentences are simple in structure, consisting of a subject and a predicate, conveying a
clear and straightforward idea.

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 Compound Sentences
1. She likes to read books, but he prefers watching movies.
2. The weather was hot, so we decided to go for a swim.
3. He enjoys playing soccer, and his sister loves playing tennis.
4. I finished my homework early, yet I still couldn't go out to play.
5. She wanted to go shopping, yet she didn't have enough money.
6. The dog barked loudly, and the cat ran away.
7. He studied hard for the exam, but he still didn't pass.
8. She likes to sing, and she also enjoys dancing.
9. We went for a walk, and then we had ice cream.
10. I wanted to visit the museum, but it was closed.
11. He went to the store to buy milk, yet he forgot his wallet.
12. She practiced piano for hours, so she could play in the concert.
13. I went for a run, and I felt energized afterwards.
14. The birds sang sweetly, yet the rain began to fall.
15. He wanted to go on vacation, but he couldn't get time off work.
16. She walked to the park, and then she sat on a bench.
17. They went to the beach, but the water was too cold for swimming.
18. I called my friend, yet she didn't answer her phone.
19. He rode his bike to school, and he arrived early.
20. She studied hard for the test, but she still felt nervous.
21. We went to the zoo, and we saw many animals.
22. I went to the library to borrow books, yet it was closed.
23. She loves to cook, and she enjoys trying new recipes.
24. He wanted to go to the party, but he had to work late.
25. I bought groceries at the store, and then I went home.
26. She saved money for months, so she could buy a new car.
27. They went hiking in the mountains, yet they got lost.
28. He enjoys playing the guitar, and he also plays the piano.
29. She woke up early, but she felt tired all day.
30. I wanted to go for a walk, so I put on my shoes.
These sentences are compound because they contain two independent clauses joined by
coordinating conjunctions (and, but, yet, so).

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 Complex Sentences
1. After she finished her homework, she went to bed.
2. Although it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.
3. He studied hard because he wanted to pass the exam.
4. Since it was late, they decided to order pizza instead of cooking dinner.
5. After they went to the beach, they had a picnic under the shade of a tree.
6. Because she loves animals, she volunteers at the local animal shelter.
7. Since he forgot his umbrella, he got soaked in the rain.
8. After she finished her chores, she treated herself to an ice cream.
9. Because they missed the bus, they had to walk home.
10. Since she was feeling tired, she decided to take a nap.
11. Although he was tired, he stayed up late to finish his project.
12. After they visited the museum, they went to a nearby café for lunch.
13. Because the traffic was heavy, they arrived late to the party.
14. Since she loves gardening, she spends hours in her backyard planting flowers.
15. After they watched a movie, they went out for dinner.
16. Because he forgot his wallet, he couldn't pay for his meal.
17. Since it was a hot day, they went swimming in the pool.
18. After she read the book, she wrote a review about it.
19. Because she had a headache, she decided to take some medicine.
20. Since he missed the train, he had to wait for the next one.
21. Although it was chilly outside, they decided to have a picnic in the park.
22. After she finished her workout, she treated herself to a smoothie.
23. Because he loves adventure, he decided to go skydiving.
24. Since she was feeling sick, she stayed home from work.
25. After they finished their dinner, they went for a walk along the beach.
26. Because it was a special occasion, they went out for dinner at a fancy restaurant.
27. Since she was allergic to cats, she couldn't visit her friend who had a pet cat.
28. After he finished his studies, he planned to travel the world.
29. Because it was a long weekend, they decided to go camping in the mountains.
30. Since she had to wake up early, she went to bed early.
These sentences are complex because they contain one independent clause and one or more
dependent clauses.

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 Compound Complex Sentences
1. While she was studying for her exam, her phone rang, but she ignored it because she
wanted to focus.
2. After he finished his dinner, he went for a walk, and when he returned, he found that
his cat had knocked over a vase.
3. Although she was tired from work, she went to the gym, where she met her friend, and
they decided to grab dinner afterwards.
4. Since it was raining outside, they stayed indoors, but they still had a great time playing
board games and watching movies.
5. When they arrived at the airport, they realized they had forgotten their passports, so
they had to rush back home to get them.
6. Despite the fact that he was afraid of heights, he decided to go skydiving, and he found
the experience exhilarating.
7. While she was cooking dinner, the phone rang, so she asked her husband to answer it
while she continued cooking.
8. After she finished her work presentation, she went out for drinks with her colleagues,
but she left early because she had an early meeting the next day.
9. Although they missed the bus, they decided to walk to the museum, where they spent
the afternoon exploring the exhibits.
10. Since he was feeling unwell, he stayed home from school, but he still managed to
complete his homework assignments.
11. When they arrived at the party, they saw that it was already in full swing, so they
joined in the festivities and danced the night away.
12. Despite the fact that it was late at night, they decided to go for a drive, and they
enjoyed the peacefulness of the empty streets.
13. While she was reading a book, her brother was playing video games, and their parents
were watching television in the living room.
14. After she finished her chores, she called her friend to invite her over for dinner, but her
friend was busy, so they rescheduled for the following week.
15. Although it was his day off from work, he spent the entire day cleaning the house, and
he felt accomplished when he was done.
16. When they arrived at the amusement park, they bought tickets for the rides, and they
spent the whole day going on roller coasters and eating cotton candy.
17. Despite the fact that they had been friends for years, they had never traveled together,
so they decided to plan a trip to Europe.

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18. While he was waiting for the train, he struck up a conversation with a stranger, and
they ended up exchanging contact information.
19. After she finished her homework, she went to the library to return some books, but she
got distracted and ended up browsing the shelves for hours.
20. Although it was raining outside, they decided to go for a hike, and they had a
memorable experience trekking through the muddy trails.
21. When she arrived at the party, she saw that her ex-boyfriend was there, so she decided
to leave early to avoid any awkward encounters.
22. Despite the fact that he had never cooked before, he decided to try making a lasagna
from scratch, and it turned out surprisingly delicious.
23. While they were on vacation, they visited several famous landmarks, and they took
plenty of photos to document their trip.
24. After he finished his workout, he went to the café next door for a smoothie, but they
were out of his favorite flavor, so he settled for a different one.
25. Although she was initially hesitant to try sushi, she decided to give it a chance, and she
discovered that she actually enjoyed it.
26. When they arrived at the concert venue, they realized they had forgotten their tickets,
so they had to go back home to retrieve them.
27. Despite the fact that they had only known each other for a short time, they felt a strong
connection, so they decided to start dating.
28. While she was at the grocery store, she ran into an old friend, and they ended up
chatting for hours in the produce aisle.
29. After she finished her online course, she received a certificate of completion, but she
still felt like she had more to learn, so she enrolled in another course.
30. Although it was a long and difficult journey, they finally reached the summit of the
mountain, and they were rewarded with breathtaking views of the landscape below.

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Instructions: Combine the following pairs of simple sentences to create compound
sentences by using coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or, so, yet) or semicolons (;).
1. I enjoy playing the piano. My sister prefers playing the guitar.

2. He went to the grocery store. He forgot to buy milk.
3. She loves reading novels. She also enjoys watching movies.
4. They practiced for hours. They performed exceptionally well in the concert.
5. We can go for a walk. We can also stay home and watch a movie.
6. She is busy with work. She will still make time for her hobbies.
7. He wants to travel the world. He needs to save money first.
8. I like tea. My friend prefers coffee.
9. They went to the beach. They swam in the ocean and built sandcastles.
10. The game was intense. They played with great enthusiasm.
11. The restaurant was full. They had to wait for a table.
12. He cooked dinner. She set the table for a romantic evening.
13. I want to go shopping. I also need to finish my assignment.
14. She loves dogs. However, she is allergic to them.
15. He enjoys playing basketball. He also excels at playing tennis.
16. The rain stopped. The sun came out.
17. They were tired. They decided to take a break and have some snacks.
18. She studied hard for the test. She performed exceptionally well.
19. They went for a hike. They enjoyed the beautiful scenery.
20. He woke up late. He missed the bus.

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Answers:
1. I enjoy playing the piano, but my sister prefers playing the guitar.
2. He went to the grocery store, but he forgot to buy milk.
3. She loves reading novels and enjoys watching movies.
4. They practiced for hours, and they performed exceptionally well in the concert.
5. We can go for a walk, or we can stay home and watch a movie.
6. She is busy with work, yet she will still make time for her hobbies.
7. He wants to travel the world, so he needs to save money first.
8. I like tea, but my friend prefers coffee.
9. They went to the beach, where they swam in the ocean and built sandcastles.
10. The game was intense, and they played with great enthusiasm.
11. The restaurant was full, so they had to wait for a table.
12. He cooked dinner, and she set the table for a romantic evening.
13. I want to go shopping, but I also need to finish my assignment.
14. She loves dogs; however, she is allergic to them.
15. He enjoys playing basketball, and he also excels at playing tennis.
16. The rain stopped, and the sun came out.
17. They were tired, so they decided to take a break and have some snacks.
18. She studied hard for the test, and she performed exceptionally well.
19. They went for a hike and enjoyed the beautiful scenery.
20. He woke up late and missed the bus.

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Your task is to identify whether each sentence is a simple, compound,
complex, or compound-complex sentence.
1. She loves to sing.

2. I went to the store, and I bought some groceries.
3. After I finish my work, I will go for a walk.
4. He likes to play basketball, but he doesn't enjoy football.
5. The sun is shining brightly, so let's go for a picnic.
6. When the bell rang, the students rushed out of the classroom.
7. She studied hard for the exam because she wanted to get a good grade.
8. I went to the party, but I didn't stay long.
9. Although it was raining, they decided to go for a hike.
10. He played the guitar, and she sang along.
11. I enjoy reading books, so I spend a lot of time at the library.
12. After he finished his dinner, he watched a movie.
13. She baked a cake, and her friends loved it.
14. Since it was late, they decided to call it a night.
15. The dog barked, but the cat stayed calm.
16. We went to the beach, and we enjoyed swimming in the ocean.
17. Because he studied hard, he aced the test.
18. I went for a run, and then I did some yoga.
19. Although he was tired, he stayed up to finish his project.
20. She sings beautifully, and she also plays the piano.
21. He likes to swim, but he doesn't like diving.
22. After she finished her homework, she went to bed.
23. They went to the store, and they bought groceries for the week.
24. The sun was shining, so they decided to have a picnic.
25. I enjoy watching movies, and I often go to the theater.
26. When the movie ended, they left the cinema.

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27. She took a nap because she was tired from work.
28. I bought a new book, but I haven't had a chance to read it yet.
29. Although it was raining, they decided to go for a walk.
30. He played basketball, and she played tennis.
31. I like to dance, so I joined a dance class.
32. After he finished his work, he went out with friends.
33. They went to the park, and they played soccer.
34. The weather was hot, so they went swimming in the pool.
35. She studied for hours, but she still didn't pass the test.
36. When it started raining, they ran inside.
37. He won the race because he trained hard.
38. I went to the party, but I left early.
39. Although she was tired, she stayed up to finish her project.
40. She cooked dinner, and he set the table.
41. He likes ice cream, but he doesn't like cake.
42. After she finished her work, she went for a walk.
43. They went to the store, and they bought groceries.
44. The sun was shining, so they decided to go to the beach.
45. I enjoy playing soccer, and I play it every weekend.
46. When the bell rang, the students lined up to leave.
47. She watched a movie because she wanted to relax.
48. I went to the party, and I had a great time.
49. Although it was cold, they went camping.
50. He played the guitar, and she sang along.

Page 22 of 31
Answers: 1. Simple Sentence 2. Compound Sentence
3. Complex Sentence 4. Compound Sentence 5. Compound Sentence
6. Complex Sentence 7. Complex Sentence 8. Compound Sentence
9. Complex Sentence 10. Compound Sentence 11. Complex Sentence
15. Compound Sentence 16. Compound Sentence 17. Complex Sentence
18. Compound Sentence 19. Complex Sentence 20. Compound Sentence
24. Compound Sentence 25. Compound Sentence 26. Complex Sentence
30. Compound Sentence 31. Complex Sentence 32. Complex Sentence
33. Compound Sentence 34. Compound Sentence 35. Compound Sentence
45. Compound Sentence 46. Complex Sentence 47. Complex Sentence

Page 23 of 31

Page 24 of 31
TOPIC : SENTENCE FORMATION
 SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT + ADVERB.
Daily
Always
Normally
Present Simple
Usually
BFV/S-ES
Often
teach/teaches
Sometimes
Every day
Every Sunday
Every week
At the moment
These days
Present Progressive
Nowadays
Is/am/are + verb-ing
Right now
Now
Recently
Just
Already
Present Perfect
Before
has/have + 3rd from
Yet
So far
Ever
Since (Prep) Present Perfect Progressive
For (Prep) has/have + been + ing
Yesterday
Day before
yesterday Past Tenses
Last night 2nd form /PT
Last Week
In Childhood
Tomorrow
Future Simple
Tonight
Will + BFV
Next week

Page 25 of 31
1. Sara (cook) food sometimes.
2. Sara (cook) food right now.
3. Sara (cook) food yesterday.
4. Sara (cook) food tonight.
5. Sara (cook) food before.
6. Now, it (work).
7. Sometimes, it (work).
8. Sir Haseeb always (come) on time.
9. Sir Haseeb never (come) on time.
10.Sir Haseeb (come) on time today.
11.They have called (call) you recently.
12.They called (call) you last week.
13.He writes a letter every month.
14.He wrote a letter last month.
15.He will write a letter next month.
16.Sara calls me sometimes.
17.Sara called me yesterday.
18.Sara will call me tomorrow.
19.It has been raining (rain) since morning.
20.It will rain (rain) tomorrow.
21.It is raining (rain) at the moment.
22.It often rains (rain) here.
23.Sir Haseeb usually teaches (teach) us twice a week.
24.Sir Haseeb is teaching (teach) us right now.
25.Sir Haseeb has already taught (teach) us tenses.
26.Sir Haseeb will (teach) us tenses next week.
27.Sir Haseeb taught (teach) us tenses last week.

Page 26 of 31
Position Of An Adverb
 Sir Haseeb |teaches |us| every day.
 Every day, |Sir Haseeb |teaches |us.
 Sir Haseeb |every day |teaches |us.
 Sometimes, she calls me.
 She calls me sometimes.
 She sometimes calls me.
 He usually plays cricket.
 Usually, he plays cricket.
 He plays cricket usually.
 Yesterday, I called Sara.
 I called Sara yesterday.
 I yesterday called Sara.
 He never buys cell-phone.
 He always disturbs us.
 (you)Never call me again!
 (you)Always take breakfast early.

Page 27 of 31
 SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT.
 Sonia plays cricket.
 Sara drank Pepsi.
 They drive a car.
 I eat food.
 He writes a letter.
 SUBJECT + VERB.
 She talks.
 She taught.
 She teaches.
 I understand.
 Birds fly.
 She knows.
 She works
 Verb + Object + Adverb. (Imperative Sentence)

 Call Sara now!
 Kill her right now!
 Open the door now!
 Don’t call him tonight!

Page 28 of 31
 Verb + Object. (Imperative Sentence)
 Please, give me a knife!
 Help me!
 Call her!
 Don’t knock at the door!
 Don’t disturb me!
 (You)Call Sara!
 Ali, (you) switch off the light!
 Ali comes on time. (Repeated Action)
 Ali, come on time! (Order)
 Sara, listen to me!
 Sara listens to me.
 You keep your mouth shut! (Angry)
 You get out from my room! (Angry)
 Don’t you stand up! (Angry)
 You listen to me! (Angry)
 You just have some kebabs. (Persuade)
 You just sit here! (Persuade)
 You just listen to me! (Persuade)
 Don’t you go! (Persuade)
 You stand up!
 Don’t you stand up!
 You don’t speak English. (Present Simple)
 Don’t you speak English!


Page 29 of 31
 Don’t you shout!
 Don’t you shout?
 SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT + OBJECT + ADVERB.

 I write a letter to Sara every month.
 I write Sara a letter every month.
 I send a letter to Sara every month.
 I send Sara a letter every month.
 She sends me a rose every day.
 She sends a rose to me every day.
DIRECT OBJECT VS INDIRECT OBJECT

Something Vs Somebody
 Something to/for Somebody (Sth to Sb)

 Somebody Something (Sb Sth)
 I like somebody/something
 I teach somebody/something
 I want somebody/something
 I ask a question.
 I ask Ali.
 I ask a question to Ali (Sth to Sb)
 I ask Ali a question. (Sb Sth)
 I give Sadia a lecture.
 I give a lecture to Sadia.
 I teach Ali
 I teach English

Page 30 of 31
 I teach English to Ali
 I teach Ali English.
 I will buy you a car.
 I will buy a car for you.
TRANSITIVE VERBS VS INTRANSITIVE VERB

TRANSITIVE VERBS [VN] [VNN]
VERBOBJ [VN] (Transitive Verb)
VERBOBJ+OBJ [VNN] (Transitive Verb)
INTRANSITIVE VERBS [VAdj][VPrep][VAdv]
VERB +Adj/Prep/Adv (Intransitive Verb)
PASSIVE NOT POSSIBLE

 I go to school every day.
 He is tired.
 He drives slowly.
Teach [VNN][VN]
 Sir Haseeb teaches English. [VN]
 Sir Haseeb teaches us English. [VNN]
Open [VN][V] (Transitive & Intransitive)
 I open the door.
 The door opens.

Page 31 of 31

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SKH SPOKEN ENGLISH ONLINE COURSE

GRAMMAR | SPOKEN | CONVERSATION | PRONUNCIATION |ONE TO ONE DISCUSSION

CONTENT WORDS VS STRUCTURAL WORDS

STRUCTURAL WORDS: ARTICLES, PREPOSITIONS, CONJUNCTIONS, AUXILIARY VERBS.

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a) What a stunning sunset!

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2. The curious little kitten

3. Under the bridge

4. When the sun sets

5. The sky is clear and blue.

6. A delicious chocolate cake

7. Across the street

8. If you study hard

9. The tall oak tree

10. Inside the house

11. Because she was tired

12. We went to the beach yesterday.

13. His old leather jacket

14. Since it started raining

15. A bright sunny day

16. I enjoy eating ice cream.

17. Although he tried his best

18. The fluffy white clouds

19. When the bell rings

20. Between the trees

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22. He plays the guitar beautifully.

23. The busy city streets

24. Above the clouds

25. If they arrive on time

26. She is studying for her exams.

27. In the garden

28. The cat chased the mouse.

29. Beyond the horizon

30. Because the car broke down

31. The sky is clear and blue.

32. A cozy wooden cabin

33. The flowers bloom in spring.

34. On the table

35. Since they won the game

36. Near the beach

37. The sun rises in the east.

38. By the river

39. She loves to read books.