DAYALBAGH EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

SYLLABUS
(2022-23)
Course No. : EEM 202, Course Title : BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING-I

UNIT-I: CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Review of basic concepts of units, voltage, current, power, energy, etc. R, L and C – their
geometrical, circuit and energy view point. Ohm ’s law, KVL, KCL, Mesh Analysis and Nodal
Analysis. Thevenin’s and Norton’s Superposition theorem. Maximum power transfer Theorem.
Star Delta conversion.

UNIT-II: AC CIRCUITS
Principles of single phase and three phase generation (qualitative treatment only). Steady state
analysis of RC, RL and RLC circuits for sinusoidal excitation. Phasor notation, RMS Values,
Power Factor, Resonance. Complex Power, active and reactive power. 3-phase (balanced and
unbalanced) system.

UNIT-III: MAGNETIC CIRCUITS AND TRANSFORMERS

Ampere’s Circuital law and Constant Flux Theorem. B-H curve, Magnetic circuit calculations.
Hysteresis and Eddy Current losses. Transformers: construction e.m.f. equation, ratings phasor
diagram on No-load & Full load, Open circuit & short circuit tests, efficiency and regulation,
operation of auto-transformers.

UNIT-IV: ELECTRICAL MACHINES

Classification, construction, emf and torque production. Characteristics of DC motors and
generators, application. Induction motors: revolving magnetic field, principle of torque production,
ratings, construction (squirrel cage and wound rotor). Torque-speed characteristics. Applications.

UNIT-V: ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS

PMMC meters, moving iron ammeter and voltmeter. Dynamometer wattmeter, AC energy meter.
Extension of instrument ranges.

SUGGESTED READING
1. Basic Electrical Engineering by D.P.Kothari & I.J.Nagrath, Tata McGraw Hill

2. Hughes Electrical and Electronic Technology, Revised by I McKenzie Smith

3. Electrical Engineering Fundamentals by V. Del Toro, PHI

 DAYALBAGH EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
(2022-23)
EEM - 202 BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING - I
QUESTION BANK
Course Outcomes:
1. Analyze dc resistive networks with the help of basic laws of electrical engineering and network
theorems.
2. Understand the steady state analysis of RLC networks for 1-phase and 3-phase sinusoidal
excitation and also get to know the frequency response of resonant RLC networks.
3. Understand the basics of magnetic circuits and the principle of operation, construction and testing
of transformers and auto-transformer.
4. Understand the principle of operation, construction and characteristics of various types of dc & ac
rotating machines.
5. Understand the construction, working and applications of commonly used electro-mechanical
measuring instruments.

UNIT - I : CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

1. (a) How much work is done in moving 100nC of charge to a distance of 68cm in the direction of a
uniform electric field given by E = 80KV/m?
(b) If one horsepower (HP) is 0.746KW, how much energy does a 20HP motor deliver in 20 min. Give
answer in units ( 1 unit = 1000 Watt-hour).

2. A sheet of foil that is 10.16cm wide and 0.0108cm thick must carry 4A and is permitted to dissipate a
maximum of 5.104mW. If its conductivity is 5.805 x 10 7S, what is the maximum length of foil that can
be used?

3. A metal wire having a resistance of 0.1567 at a temperature of 20 oC is to be used in an application

where its resistance can lie between 0.1314 and 0.1872. If its temperature coefficient of
resistance is 0.00314oC/m, find the permitted temperature extremes.

4. Reduce the circuit between the terminals A & 2 ohm

B to a single resistance. 3 ohm
A 6 ohm 6 ohm 16 ohm B

6 ohm
6 ohm

5. Calculate the resistance of 220V bulbs rated at 25W, 40W, 60W, 75W and 100W.

6. Two resistors made of different material having temperature coefficient of resistance 1 = 0.004oC-1
and  2 = 0.005oC-1 are connected in parallel and consume equal power at 10 oC. What is the ratio of
power consumed in resistance R2 to that in R1 at 60oC?

7. An electric heating pad rated at 110V and 55W is to be used at 220V source. It is proposed to connect
the heating pad in series with a series-parallel combination of light bulbs each rated at 110V. Bulbs
are available having ratings of 25W, 60W, 75W and 100W. Obtain a possible scheme of pad bulbs
combination. At what rate will heat be produced by the pad with this modification?

8. If the current flowing through a 4-H inductor is sketch the voltage across the inductor and
given by the waveform shown alongside, evaluate the energy stored at 16 ms.
 I(t)
10A Sine
wave

2 5 6 8 9 t
in ms
-10A

9. In the figure given alongside determine the 20 40V

ohm
voltage drops across R1 and R2 if the value of

+
R 3 is 20 Ohms. R2
R1 10
5 R4 ohm R3 20
ohm + R5 ohm
100V

each case, the power delivered/dissipated by

each source and each resistor.
2 ohm 1 ohm

+
3
10. In the circuits shown alongside, ideal voltage 1A ohm 2V
and current sources are used. Determine in -

Voltage/
11. A voltage (current) wave shown alongside is Current
applied across an inductor (capacitor) of Sinusoid
2
value 0.5H (2F). Determine and sketch the
variation of current (voltage) through (across)
the inductor (capacitor) for the first 10
seconds. 3 6 8 t in
seconds
--1
1

12. If a calorie is equal to 4.184J and it takes 1000 calories to raise 1 Kg of water through 1 0C, how much
current is carried by a 120V heater if it is used to heat 4.82 Kg of water from 25 0C to 450C in 4 min?
What is the resistance of the heating element?

13. Determine the unknown currents in the figure

shown alongside. i3 -2A
i4 1A
2A 1A
4A 1A i2

i5
14. Determine the unknown voltages in the network graphs shown below.
- 6V + + V1 -
+ +
+ + -
V6 4V V3 6V
24V - - + + V2 - -
+ +
+ 10V - + 2V - - 12V
V5 V7 -
- 4V +
15. Write and solve the equations for the node 2 ohm
voltages in the network shown alongside. 6 ohm 8 ohm
Then find the branch current I x and the 10A

branch voltage Vy, where Ix is the current in + 8 ohm +

6
60V source and VY is the voltage across 10A 36V ohm 1A 24V
+
source. - -
60V
-

120V
30 ohm

-
16. Use mesh analysis to determine the power
dissipated in the 16 resistor in the figure 24 ohm
60V
32 ohm
160V

+
shown alongside. What is the power supplied
by each source? 10
20 ohm 16 ohm ohm
+ + +
40V 80V 40V
- - -

S
17. In the circuit shown alongside, the ammeter 40 ohm
reads 1A with switch S closed. If the switch is
opened the ammeter reading drops to 0.25A. + 60 ohm RL
R A 20
What will ammeter read if it is connected in E ohm
series with the load resistance RL (and not in
parallel) under the two conditions (a) switch S
open & (b) switch S closed?

18. Using Thevenin’s theorem, find the power

delivered to the 3 resistor in the circuit + 10
160V 10 ohm ohm
shown alongside. Verify your result using +
nodal analysis. 120V
10 ohm 5 ohm
+
10V 3 ohm

19. A linear network containing dc sources and dissipation if both V1 and I1 are connected to
resistors is shown in the box with two pairs of terminals A-B and C-D respectively?
terminals being brought out for connecting Comment on all the possibilities.
sources. When a voltage source V1 is
connected across terminals A-B, with C-D
being left open, a 5resistor in the network
C
dissipates 20W. Now, when the voltage A
source is replaced with a short circuit and a
Linear
current source I1 is connected across
B
Network D
terminals C-D, the same 5 resistor
dissipates 5W. What will be the power

20. Find the Norton’s equivalent circuit as seen 30 ohm

40V 10 ohm RL
+

by RL in the circuit shown alongside.

+ 60 30
120V ohm ohm 100V
+

21. Given 3 resistors R1, R2 and R3 connected in star (delta) determine their delta (star) equivalent
resistors RA, RB, and RC in terms of R1, R2 and R3.

22. Determine the equivalent resistance across points A and B in the circuits shown in figures (a) & (b)
below.
 3 ohm 2 ohm

A 3 ohm 3 ohm A 4 ohm

10 ohm
4 ohm 4 ohm 4 ohm
B 8 ohm
B 3 ohm 3 ohm

3 ohm 2 ohm

Fig.(a). Fig.(b)

23. Use Thevenin’s theorem to determine the 10 ohm 10 volt

current IL through the 2 resistor of the

+
network shown alongside.
5 amp 5 ohm 3 ohm 2 ohm

+
20 volt
15 ohm

+ 10 A
24. Determine the current through the 5 5 ohm
resistor in the network shown alongside using 100 V 10 ohm
Thevenin’s theorem and Norton’s Theorem. -

300 ohm 25 ohm

25. Find the value of RL in the circuit shown
alongside such that maximum power
delivered to it and find the value of maximum +
100 V 200 ohm RL
power.
-
50ohm

26. Determine the current through and voltage 60 ohm 50ohm

across 30 resistance in the circuit shown
alongside using (i) Thevenin’s Theorem and
+
(ii) Norton’s Theorem. 36 V 30 ohm
120 ohm
-

27. State and prove the maximum power transfer theorem for a d. c. network.

UNIT - II : A.C.CIRCUITS

28. Find the average and the effective values of the various waveforms shown below.
 i(t) i(t)

A Vm

0 T/2 T 3T/2 2T 5T/2 3T t

t

i(t) v(t)

Vm
A

0 2T/3 T 4T/3 2T 6T/3 3T t

-Vm/2
t

29. A series R-L circuit with R=5 and an inductive reactance of 12 draws current from a.c. supply
given by i(t)=10Sin100t. Determine (a) complex impedance, (b) instantaneous supply voltage (c) value
of inductance, (d) active and reactive power delivered by the source. Also draw a phasor diagram
showing different voltages and currents.

30. A series R-L circuit dissipates 576W when a sinusoidal voltage of 120V r.m.s. is applied across it. The
current is found to be 16.97Sin (314t + x). Determine (a) R, (b) L and (c) X.

31. Three voltages represented by the following equations, e1=15Sint, e2= 5 Sin(t +30O) and e3= 10
Cos t is applied together in an a.c. circuit. Find the expression for the resultant voltage and represent
each by phasors.

32. A 100 ohm resistance is carrying a sinusoidal current given by 10 Cos t. Determine (i) instantaneous
power taken by the resistance, (ii) average power.

33. A two element series circuit is connected across an ac source v= e2= 300 Cos(314t +20O) volts. The
current drawn is i= 15 Cos(314t - 10O). Find the circuit impedance, phase angle and average power.

34. An r.m.s voltage 100 0O is applied to the series combination of Z 1 and Z2 where Z1 = 20 30O. The
effective voltage drop across Z1 is known to be 40 -30O. Find the reactive component of Z2.

35. For the circuit shown, (a) determine the

value of X which will make the source current 3 ohm X
to be in phase with the supply voltage. (b) Is
+ 100
the element inductive or capacitive? What is ohm
the value of element (inductance/ 141Sin100t 0.1H
capacitance)? What power is delivered to the - 25uF
100 resistance under the condition
mentioned in (a)?
36. For the circuit shown, find the values of L and 600 ohm L
C such that the source delivers maximum
power to the load at =104 rad/s. What is the +
100
power delivered to the load when (a) =103 Vs C ohm
rad/s. (b) =105 rad/s? Let Vs = 100 0O. -

37. A 400V, 3- voltage is applied to a delta-connected balanced 3-load. The r.m.s. value of the phase
current is 10 -30O Amp. Find (a) the magnitude and phase angle of the line current, (b) total power
received by the load and (c) the value of the resistive portion of the load. Repeat parts (a) and (b) with
the load impedances reconnected in star (Y).
38. Calculate the active and reactive current components in each phase of a star-connected 10KV, 3-
generator supplying 5000KW at a power factor of 0.8. If the total current remains the same when the
load power factor is raised to 0.9, find the new output.

39. Discuss the merits and demerits of the 3- system. A 3-phase, 400 V supply is connected to a 3 phase
star connected balanced load. The line current is 20 A and the power consumed by the load is 12 KW.
Calculate the load impedance, phase current and power factor.

40. In a star connected, 400 V, 50 Hz, system the a resistance of 1 ohm, a capacitance of 100 microfarad
and an inductance of 1 henry are connected in parallel in each of the star element. Find the line
current, power and power factor.

41. Show how 2 wattmeters can be connected to measure power in a 3- 3-wire system. Derive
expressions for the readings of the two wattmeters for a balanced 3- system in terms of the voltages,
currents and phase angle of the load and hence derive an expression for the power factor in terms of
the two wattmeter readings.

42. The power in a balanced 3- system is measured by 2-wattmeter method. The readings of the two
watt meters are 5KW and 0.5KW, the latter being obtained after reversing the current coil connections.
Calculate the power and the power factor of the load.

UNIT – III: MAGNETIC CIRCUITS AND TRANSFORMERS

43. Define m.m.f, flux, reluctance and permeability. Give a brief comparison between an electrical circuit
and a magnetic circuit. Give an expression for force produced between parallel conductors and then
define ampere.

44. Explain Ampere’s law and Ampere ’s circuital Law. Also explain constant flux theorem.

45. A coil of insulated wire of 500 turns and of resistance 5 is closely wound on an iron ring. The ring has
a mean diameter of 0.3m and a uniform cross-sectional area of 600 sq.mm. Calculate the total flux in
the ring when a d.c. supply of 6V is applied to the ends of the winding. Assume a relative permeability
of 560.

46. A magnetic core, in the form of a closed ring, has a mean length of 20cm and a cross section of 1
sq.cm. The relative permeability of iron is 2400. What direct current will be needed in a coil of 2500
turns uniformly wound round the ring to create a flux of 0.25mWb in the iron? If an air gap of 2mm is
cut through the core perpendicular to the direction of this flux, what current will now be needed to
maintain the same flux in this gap? What fraction of total ampere-turns is required to maintain the flux
in the air gap?

47. A magnetic circuit comprises of three parts, a, b and c in series, each of which has uniform cross
sectional area. Part ‘a’ has a length of 85 mm and cross sectional area 50 sq.mm. Part ‘b ’ has a length
of 70 mm and cross sectional area of 85 sq.mm. Part ‘c ’ is an air gap of length of 0.5mm and cross
sectional area 60 sq.mm. Neglecting magnetic leakage and fringing, determine the current necessary
in a coil of 4000 turns wound on part ‘b ’ to produce in the air gap a flux density of 0.7Tesla. The
magnetic characteristics of part ‘a ’ and ‘b ’ is given by:
H (A/m) 100 210 340 500 800 1500
B (Tesla) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2

48. What is magnetic hysteresis? Explain why eddy current and hysteresis losses occur in an iron core?
On what factors do these losses depend? How can these losses be minimized?

49. Discuss the principle of operation of a transformer? Where it is used?

50. Explain different types of transformers and their applications. What is an ideal transformer?
51. Describe the construction of core type and shell type transformers. How are the windings put on the
core? Why is high voltage winding not put near the core?

52. Why are transformers required to be cooled? What are the different methods used for cooling?
Discuss.

53. Derive the e.m.f. equation of a transformer.

54. The e.m.f. per turn of a single phase 10KVA, 2200/220V, 50Hz transformer is 11V. Calculate (a)
number of primary and secondary turns and (b) the net cross sectional area of core for a maximum
flux density of 1.5Tesla.

55. A 3300/300V, 50 Hz single phase transformer is built on a core having an effective area of 150sq.cm.
and has 90 turns in the low voltage winding. Calculate the value of maximum flux density in the core
and number of turns in high voltage winding.

56. A transformer takes 1A when its primary is connected to a 230V, 50Hz supply. The secondary is open
circuited. The power absorbed from the supply is 50W. Determine the loss component of the no- load
current and the magnetizing current.

57. Draw and explain the phasor diagram of a transformer on no-load and on full load conditions.

58. Develop the equivalent circuit of a 1- transformer and discuss the significance of each of the
elements in the circuit.

59. Describe the purpose and the procedure of conducting the open and short circuit tests on a single-
phase transformer.

60. A 200/400V, 50Hz single phase transformer on test gave the following results. Find the voltage
regulation at full load at 0.8 power factor lagging.
Open circuit test on LV side: 200V 0.7A 70W
Short circuit test on HV side: 15V 10A 80W

61. What is meant by commercial efficiency and all-day efficiency of a transformer? How are they
determined? Explain.

62. In a 25KVA, 2000/200V transformer, the iron losses and copper losses are 350W and 400W
respectively. Calculate the value of iron and copper losses, which will give maximum efficiency and
also calculate the value of maximum efficiency.

63. What is voltage regulation? What should be the range of voltage regulation of a transformer?

64. Why is the efficiency of a transformer more than 95%? Explain.

65. Explain the principle, construction and applications of an auto-transformer. What are its drawbacks?

66. A 50Hz, 1-phase transformer has a turns-ratio of 6. The resistances are 0.90 and 0.03 and the
reactances are 5 and 0.13 for high voltage and low voltage winding respectively. Find (a) the
voltage to be applied to the high-voltage side to obtain full-load current 200 A in the low-voltage
winding on short circuit (b) the power factor on short circuit.

67. A 150 KVA transformer has an iron loss of 700W and a full load copper loss of 1800W. Calculate the
efficiency at full load, 0.8 power factor lagging.

UNIT -IV: ELECTRICAL MACHINES

68. Using the concept of mechanical drag and back e.m.f., show that a d.c. machine is a converter of
energy for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and vice versa.

69. Describe the constructional details of a d.c. machine with suitable diagrams. Name the materials used
for each part.

70. Discuss the classification d.c. machines on the basis of their excitation.

71. Derive the e.m.f. equation of a d.c. generator from fundamentals.

72. Explain the mechanism of torque production in a d.c. motor and derive the torque equation.

73. Draw and explain various characteristics of a d.c. shunt generator.

74. Draw and explain various characteristics of a d.c. series generator. Also discuss its applications.

75. Why is compounding done? What are the various types of compounding? Draw and explain various
characteristics of a d.c. compound generator.

76. Draw and explain various characteristics of different types of d.c. motors and discuss the application of
each type of motor.

77. A shunt machine connected to 250V mains has an armature resistance (including brushes) of 0.12 
and the resistance of the field winding is 125. Find the ratio of the speed as a generator to speed as
a motor, the line current in each case being 80A.

78. A 4-pole, long shunt, lap wound generator supplies 25KW at a terminal voltage of 500V. The
armature resistance is 0.03, series field resistance is 0.04, and shunt field resistance is 200. The
brush drop may be taken as 1 volt per brush. Determine the e.m.f. generated.

79. A 4-pole, wave wound armature has 720 conductors and rotates at 1000 rpm. If the useful flux is
40 mWb, calculate the generated voltage.

80. An 8-pole lap connected armature has 40 slots with 10 conductors per slot and generates a voltage of
400 volts. Determine the speed at which it is running if the flux per pole is 50 mWb.

81. A short shunt compound d. c. generator delivers 100A at 250V. The armature, shunt field and series
field resistances of the generator are 0.1, 0.15 and 125 respectively. Calculate the voltage
generated in the armature winding. Neglect brush voltage drop.

82. A long shunt compound generator delivers a load current of 50A at 500V and the resistances of
armature, series field and shunt fields are 0.05, 0.02 and 250 respectively. Calculate the
generated e.m.f. and the armature current. Assume 1 volt per brush drop.

83. Define synchronous speed and slip. Why does an induction motor always run at speeds less than
synchronous speed?

84. What is an induction motor? How is it different from a d.c. motor? Explain.

85. Describe different types of rotor construction employed in an induction Motor. Explain the applications
of each type.

86. Explain the mechanism of torque production in an induction motor.

87. Draw and explain the torque-speed characteristic of an induction motor. Mark the operating region on
it and explain why it is operated only in this region?

88. A 12 pole, 3- alternator is coupled to an engine running at 500 rpm. It supplies an induction motor,
which has a full load speed of 1460 rpm. Find the slip and the number of poles on the motor.
89. The frequency of the e.m.f in the stator of 4 pole induction motor is 50Hz. and that in the rotor is
1.5Hz. What is the slip, and at what speed is the motor running?

90. A 3-, 6-pole, 50Hz induction motor has a slip of 1% at no load, and 3% at full load. Determine: (a)
synchronous speed, (b) No-load Speed, (c) Full load Speed, (d) frequency of rotor current at stand-still
(e) frequency of rotor current at full load.

UNIT - V: MEASUREMENTS

84. What is meant by (a) indicating type, (b) recording type and (c) integrating type instruments? Give an
example of each.

85. What are the different torques required in an electromechanical indicating meter? Explain why each
type of torque is needed?

86. Discuss methods of producing controlling and damping torques in a measuring instrument.

87. Describe the principle and construction of a PMMC galvanometer. How is it converted into an ammeter
and a voltmeter? Explain.

88. Explain the principles of operation of attraction and repulsion types of Moving Iron instruments with the
help of neat constructional diagrams. Derive the general equation of deflection for such meters.
Discuss the shape of the scale obtained.

89. Why calibration of various meters are required? Justify the need for calibration.

90. What do you mean by class of measuring instrument? Explain the use of a class 0.5, class 1.0 and
class 2.5 instrument.

91. How you will distinguish between a PMMC instrument and Moving Iron instrument by physical
inspection? Explain.

92. Explain why moving iron instruments can be effectively used for both dc and ac measurements.

93. State the relative merits and demerits of moving iron and moving coil instruments.

94. What is a wattmeter? Where they are used? Discuss various coils used in a wattmeter.

95. Discuss the constructional details and working of a dynamometer type wattmeter.

96. What are the terminals available on Wattmeter? If a wattmeter needle moves in opposite direction,
how will you change the connections and what does it mean?

97. Distinguish between a wattmeter and a watt-hour-meter. Explain the construction and working of a 1- 
energy meter.

98. If we have a wattmeter and a stop watch. Can we record the energy consumed by a varying load?
Justify your answer.

99. Explain the methods used for extending the range of dc ammeter and dc voltmeter.

100. Explain the methods used for extending the range of an ac ammeter and an ac voltmeter.