Heat Recovery Options in Ahu 1660882497

HEAT RECOVERY OPTIONS IN AHU
1. Run Around Coil –
It is an air to water heat exchanger system, it is used to recover sensible heat only, it consists of two
coils, one located in the exhaust air stream and the other in the supply air stream, both of them are
connected with a pump in a closed circuit (pump and piping by others), the heat transfer medium is
water.
When the cold air passes through the first coil of the run around system which is located in the cold air
stream, it cools down the water inside the coil, after the water loses heat, the pump passes this cold
water to the coil in the hot air stream, heat exchange happened thus cooling the air and warming the
water, warm water returns to the coil in the cold stream and the cycle is repeated.
2. Plate Type Heat Exchanger
In this arrangement, a heat exchanger is situated to allow direct transfer of heat from one flow to the other.
Heat is transferred from outdoor air coming into the air conditioner to the cold air leaving it. Again, the goal is to
boost the portion of air conditioning capacity used for removal of latent heat by decreasing the need to remove
sensible heat. To a limited extent, the exchanger itself will remove latent heat by condensing moisture on the
entering air side. Outdoor air is introduced into one side of the heat exchanger, and is partially cooled. It then
flows over the cold refrigeration coil for moisture removal and additional sensible cooling. The cold, saturated
air then passes through the other side of the exchanger for warming before being introduced to the air handler
or the space. Cross flow type heat recovery provides up to 80% efficiency. While waste heat exchanger plates are
typically manufactured in aluminum, special epoxy coatings or stainless steel plates are also common.
3. Heat Pipe System
This type of heat recovery system utilizes the refrigerant phase change property. It con-sists of two coils
connected to each other circuit by circuit independently; each circuit is filled with a refrigerant.
Two main functions can be done using this system; it can be used for dehumidification or for heat recovery,
according to the arrangement of the heat pipe coils with respect to other components.
Heat pipes for dehumidification function may be described as having two sections: Pre-cool and reheat. The first
section is located in the incoming air stream. When warm air passes over the heat pipes, the refrigerant vaporizes,
carrying heat to the second section of heat pipes, placed downstream. Because some heat has been removed
from the air before encountering the evaporator coil, the incoming air stream section is called the pre-cool heat
pipe.
Air passing through the evaporator coil is assisted to a lower temperature, resulting in greater condensation
removal. The overcooled air is then reheated to a comfortable temperature by the reheat heat pipe section
reheat heat pipe section using the heat transferred from the pre-cool heat pipe.
This entire process of pre-cooling and reheating is accomplished with no additional energy use. The result is an
air conditioning system with superior ability to remove moisture.
For Heat recovery function the heat pipe also consist of two sections, each of them installed in an air steams,
side by side or staked depending on the unit arrangement. When warm air passes over the heat pipes, the
refrigerant vaporizes; carrying heat to the second section and the warm air will be cooled down while the
relatively cold air in the cold air stream will condense the refrigerant which will return back to the first part by
gravity, then this cycle repeated.
3.1 Horizontal/Vertical Heat Pipe Type Heat Recovery
This is a typical pipe / fin exchanger that is composed of two sections that operate as a condenser and an
evaporator and that has proper amount of refrigerant inside. Air, of which its heat shall be extracted, is taken
through the evaporator side and it's heat is transferred to the refrigerant. Vaporized refrigerant transfers it's
heat to the cold air passing outside of the exchanger on the condenser which is placed higher, and thus heat is
transferred to the cold air and heat recovery is ensured. It is of the sensible type, heat transfer occurs between
two airs, there is no humidity transfer.
3.2 Horse Shoe Heat Pipe Type Heat Recovery
Horse shoe heat pipe type heat recovery exchangers are heat pipe types that are used for dehumidification
operations in air conditioning systems. It performs pre-cooling of the air that shall be dehumidified and and
reheating of this air with the energy taken. Thus, energy consumption is not required for both processes.
4. Thermal Enthalpy Wheel
In this arrangement, a rotating wheel is used to transfer heat from one air stream to the other. Energy
recovery wheel can be incorporated into a ventilation system to transfer both the sensible and latent energy
between outdoor and exhaust air streams. The core of an enthalpy wheel can be made from a variety of
materials such as paper, metal or plastic, which is coated with a desiccant. This coating enables the wheel to
transfer both sensible and latent energy between air streams. The enthalpy wheel provides first stage cooling
or heating. For instance, in the summer the wheel removes moisture from incoming air and pre-cools it to
lighten the load on the evaporator coil. Likewise, in colder temperatures (winter application) the wheel will
inject moisture into supply air and pre-warm it to reduce the load on the reheat coil. In the summer and
winter modes, the wheel saves energy. There are three general types of wheels being used today. They are
sensible, enthalpy and regenerative.
a) Sensible wheel - This wheel is not coated with a desiccant and therefore transfers only sensible energy.
The wheel can be constructed of almost any material (paper, metal or plastic) and transfers energy
between two air streams as the mass of the material gains or loses heat to the opposite air stream. The
wheel rotates at a speed of 25 to 50 revolutions per minute.
b) Enthalpy wheel - It is similar to the sensible wheel except that a desiccant media is added to the wheel’s
surface. As the wheel rotates, it now can transfer sensible energy and humidity. This wheel also rotates
at 25 to 50 revolutions per minute.
c) Regeneration wheel- This wheel is used when low dewpoint conditions (<45°F) are required, such as
industrial applications. It achieves low dewpoints by slowing the wheel to a speed of between 0.25 and
1 revolution per minute and by using an air stream heated to 250°F or more to drive off moisture and
regenerate the wheel.
This heated air stream is typically focused on only 1/4 of the wheel’s area thereby allowing 3/4 of the
area to be available for the process side.
5. Face and Bypass Damper

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HEAT RECOVERY OPTIONS IN AHU

1. Run Around Coil –

3.2 Horse Shoe Heat Pipe Type Heat Recovery

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