QUESTION BANK

PHYSICS

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 CONTENTS
1. LIGHT-REFLECTION AND REFRACTION 3
2. HUMAN EYE AND COLOURFUL WORLD 11
3. ELECTRICITY 16
4. MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT 24

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 CHAPTER-1
LIGHT-REFLECTION AND REFRACTION

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

Q1. No matter how far or close you stand from a mirror, your image is always virtual, erect
and diminished. The mirror is
(a) convex mirror (b) concave mirror
(c) plane mirror (d) either a convex or a plane mirror
Q2. Rays from sun converge at a point 15 cm in front of a concave mirror. Where should an
object be placed so that size of the image is exactly equal to the size of the object?
(a) Between 15 cm and 30 cm in front of mirror.
(b) 15 cm in front of mirror.
(c) 30 cm in front of mirror.
(d) Less than 15 cm in front of mirror.
Q3. Refractive index of glass is 3/2 and the refractive index of water is 4/3. Then the
refractive index of glass with respect to water is
3/2 4/3 3 4 3 4
(a) (b) (c) + (d) -
4/3 3/2 2 3 2 3

Q4. An optically denser medium is that, in which

(a) speed of light is more.
(b) density of substance is more.
(c) angle of refraction is more than the angle of incidence.
(d) refractive index of a substance is more.
Q5. Two lenses of power -10D and +2D are placed in contact. The focal length of the
combination is
(a) -12.5cm (b) -10cm (c) -16.6cm (d) -8.3cm
Q6. To form an erect image twice the size of the object by using a convex lens of focal length
20 cm, the object should be placed at a distance ‘d’ from the optical centre of lens. Here ‘d’ is
(a) d = 20cm (b) d > 20cm (c) d < 20cm (d) d = 40cm

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Q7. Magnification produced by a rear-view mirror fitted in vehicles
(a) is more than one.
(b) can be more or less than one depending upon the position of the object in front of it.
(c) is equal to one.
(d) is less than one.
Q8. A beam of light consisting of three rays- P, Q, R is incident on a transparent plastic block
from air as shown in the figure below.

Which of the following statements is true?

(a) Refractive index for P is greater than that for Q.
(b) Refractive index for P is greater than that for R.
(c) Refractive index for R is greater than that for Q.
(d) Refractive index for P, Q and R is the same.
Q9. A light ray enters from medium A to medium B as shown in figure. The refractive index
of medium B relative to medium A will be

(a) Greater than unity

(b) Less than unity
(c) Equal to unity
(d) zero

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Q10. A linear object is placed at a distance of 2f from the pole of a concave mirror of focal
length f. The magnification of image is
(a) +1 (b) -1 (c) >1 (d) <1

ASSERTION AND REASONING:

Directions: Read the assertion (A) and reason (R) carefully and then mark the correct option
out of the options given below:
(a) Both (A) and reason are true and (R) is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both (A) and reason are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.

Q11. Assertion (A): A dentist uses a convex lens of small focal length while examining the
teeth of a patient.
Reason (R): Image formed by a plane mirror is laterally inverted.
Q12. Assertion (A): Focal length of a concave mirror as well as a concave lens is taken to be
negative.
Reason (R): Both concave mirror as well as concave lens can form only virtual image
of objects.
Q13. Assertion (A): Distance of real image formed by a mirror is taken to be negative but for
a lens we take it with positive sign.
Reason (R): A mirror forms real image of an object in front of it but real image formed
by a lens lies on other side of lens.
Q14. Assertion (A): The centre of curvature is not a part of the mirror. It lies outside its
reflecting surface.
Reason (R): The height of an object is always considered positive.
Q15. Assertion (A): Virtual images are always erect.
Reason (R): Virtual images are formed by diverging lenses only.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Q16. Why is convex mirror used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? State any one reason.
Q17. Which property of concave mirror is utilised for using them as shaving mirrors?
Q18. What is the difference between the virtual image formed by a concave mirror and by a
convex mirror.

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Q19. What do you mean by power of a lens?
Q20. Define 1 D.
Q21. What do you mean by pole of a spherical mirror?
Q22. Define refractive index of a medium.
Q23. Draw ray diagrams to show the principal focus of a (i) concave mirror, (ii) convex
mirror.
Q24. The magnification a plane mirror is +1. Justify this statement.
Q25. Explain the -ve and +ve signs of magnification.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (2 marks)

Q26. List the characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror.
Q27. Differentiate between concave mirror and convex mirror.
Q28. Write down the similarities between convex lens and concave mirror.
Q29. Draw the following diagram, in which a ray of light is incident on a concave/convex
mirror. Show the path of this ray, after reflection, in each case:

Q30. Draw ray diagrams to show the formation of images when the object is placed in front
of a convex lens:
(i) between its optical centre and focus point.
(ii) between f and 2f.
Q31. A diverging mirror has radius of curvature of 3cm. If an object of height 4cm is located
at 5cm from the mirror, find the position, nature and size of the image.
Q32. State the type of mirror preferred as (i) rear view mirror in vehicles, (ii) shaving mirror.
Justify your answer.
Q33. A 2cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a concave lens of focal
length 15cm. At what distance from the lens should the object be placed so that it forms an
image 10cm from the lens? Also find the nature and the size of image formed.

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Q34. The refractive indices of glass and water with respect to air are 3/2 and 4/3 respectively.
If the speed of light in glass is 2×108 m/s, find the speed of light in (i) air and (ii) water.
Q35. A concave mirror of focal length 20cm forms an image at a distance of 25cm in front of
the mirror. Calculate (i) the object distance, (ii) the nature and magnification of the image
formed.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (3 marks)

Q36. A diverging lens has a focal length of 20cm. At what distance should an object of
height 4cm from the optical centre of the lens be placed so that its image is formed 10cm
away from the lens. Find the size of the image also. Draw a ray diagram to show the
formation of image in the given situation.

Q37. Explain the refraction of light through a rectangular glass slab with the help of a well
labelled ray diagram.
Q38. A student uses a lens of focal length 40 cm and another of -20 cm. Write the nature and
power of each lens. If these two lenses are placed in contact, what is the power of the
combination?
Q39. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the term absolute refractive index of a
medium and write an expression to relate it with the speed of light in vacuum.
Q40. A lens produces a magnification of -0.5. Is this a converging or diverging lens? If the
focal length of the lens is 6cm, draw a ray diagram showing the image formation in this case.
Q41. An object placed on a metre scale at 8cm mark was focused on a white screen placed at
92 cm mark, using a converging lens placed on the scale at 50 cm mark.
(i) Find the focal length of the converging lens.
(ii) Find the position of the image formed if the object is shifted towards the lens at a position
of 29 cm.
(ii) State the nature of the image formed if the object is further shifted towards the lens.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS: (5 marks)

Q42. List the sign conventions for reflection of light by spherical mirrors. Draw a diagram
and apply these conventions in the determination of focal length of a spherical mirror which
forms three times magnified real image of an object placed 16cm in front of it.
Q43. Draw neat diagrams to show changes in images formed by a concave mirror, as an
object is brought closer to it from infinity to just near its pole. Write the nature and size of the
image in each case.

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Q44. (i) Rohit claims to have obtained an image twice the size of the object with a concave
lens. Is he correct? Give reason for your answer.
(ii) Where should an object be placed in case of a convex lens to form an image of same size
as of the object? Show with the help of a ray diagram the position and the nature of the image
formed.
(iii) With the help of ray diagram, illustrate the change in position, nature and size of the
image formed if the convex lens in case of (ii) is replaced by concave lens of same focal
length.

CASE-STUDY BASED QUESTIONS: (4 marks)

Q45. Saheb was doing a science project so as to demonstrate experimentally an important
property of light. He kept an item ‘X’ inside a hollow box B having number of holes on its
side walls. He took a laser torch and passed a narrow beam of light rays to pass on item X
through holes on one side wall of box B. On the other side of box B he placed a translucent
screen. He observed the emergent light beam through holes on opposite wall of box B and
observed bright spots on the screen.

(a) Name the item ‘X’ used by Saheb in his experiment. What was the Saheb’s project?
(b) State any two important features observed for incident rays and emergent rays of
light.
(c) State Snell’s law and give its mathematical expression with the meaning of each
symbol.
OR
(c) If angle of incidence of light rays incident on X was 60° and the value of refractive
index of material of item X was √ 3, what was the angle of refraction?

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Q46. Rashi was performing an experiment to determine the focal length of a convex lens. She
sets up an arrangement using the convex lens, an object needle O and a plane mirror M as
shown in the figure given below. She adjusted the position of the object needle O in front of
lens till she observed that inverted image I of object needle exactly coincided with object
needle O. She measured the distance between lens and object needle and said that it is the
focal length of the given convex lens.

(a) Is Rashi correct in saying distance between object needle and lens as its focal length?
If yes, how?
(b) Can you find the focal length of a concave lens too by this method? Justify your
answer.
(c) You are given two lenses of focal lengths f 1 =5cm and f 2 =50cm respectively. Which
lens has greater power and why?
OR
(d) Define power of a lens. Which lens always has a negative power and why?

Q47. A spherical mirror is a part of hollow glass sphere. One surface of mirror is silvered and
then coated with red oxide and reflection takes place from other surface. Spherical mirrors
are used to form images of various types. Nature of image of an object placed in front of a
mirror depends on the nature of mirror and position of object. On account of their
characteristic images spherical mirrors are used for various applications.
(a) What is the minimum distance between object placed in front of a concave mirror and
its image formed by the mirror? Under what condition does it happen?
(b) What is the difference between virtual image formed by a concave mirror and by a
convex mirror?
(c) State any two points of new cartesian sign convention followed for mirrors.

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ANSWERS:
Q1. (a) Q2. (c) Q3. (a) Q4. (d) Q5. (a) Q6. (c) Q7. (d)
Q8. (c) Q9. (a) Q10. (b) Q11. (d) Q12. (c) Q13. (a) Q14. (b)
Q15. (c)
Q31. Position-1.16cm and size-0.92cm
Q33. 30cm in front of the lens and size- 0.67cm
Q34. (i) 3×108 m/s and (ii) 2.25×108 m/s
Q35. (i) u= -100cm and (ii) m= -0.25
Q36. 20cm in front of the lens and size of the image = +2cm
Q38. P1 = +2.5D, P2 = -5D and P=P1 +P2 = -2.5D
Q41. (i) 21cm

CHAPTER-2
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 HUMAN EYE AND COLORFUL WORLD

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

Q1. When white light passes through a glass prism
(a) red coloured ray undergoes maximum deviation.
(b) green coloured ray undergoes minimum deviation.
(c) blue coloured ray undergoes minimum deviation.
(d) violet coloured ray undergoes maximum deviation.
Q2. If the earth had no atmosphere, the sky would have looked
(a) brown (b) white (c) black (d) blue
Q3. Which of the following phenomena of light are involved in the formation of a rainbow?
(a) Reflection, refraction and dispersion.
(b) Refraction, dispersion and scattering.
(c) Refraction, dispersion and internal reflection.
(d) Dispersion, scattering and refraction.
Q4. The image distance from the eye lens in the normal eye when we increase the distance of
an object from the eye
(a) increases (b) decreases
(c) depends on the size of the eye ball (d) remains unchanged
Q5. The angle between the two refracting faces in a prism is called:
(a) angle of prism (b) incidence angle
(c) angle of emergence (d) angle of deviation
Q6. In the given figure showing the path of a ray of light on passing through a glass prism,
the angle YML represents

(a) angle of prism (b) angle of deviation

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 (c) angle of incidence (d) angle of refraction
Q7. Inside of glass prism light of which colour travels fastest?
(a) Blue (b) Red (c) Green (d) Indigo
Q8. Refractive index of glass is maximum for light of
(a) red colour (b) violet colour (c) yellow colour (d) blue colour
Q9. When we enter a dark room coming from outside, immediately the things inside the
room do not appear clear to our eyes. This is because
(a) pupils do not open at all in the dark.
(b) pupils take time to adjust.
(c) light travels slower in a dark room.
(d) pupils open very quickly in the dark.
Q10. Person suffering from cataract has
(a) elongated eyeball (b) excessive curvature of eye lens
(c) weakened ciliary muscles (d) opaque eye lens

ASSERTION AND REASONING:

Directions: Read the assertion (A) and reason (R) carefully and then mark the correct option
out of the options given below:
(a) Both (A) and reason are true and (R) is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both (A) and reason are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Q11. Assertion (A): The stars twinkle in night, but the planets do not twinkle.
Reason (R): The stars are much bigger in size than the planets.
Q12. Assertion (A): Blue colour of sky appears due to scattering of blue colour.
Reason (R): Blue light has longer wavelength.
Q13. Assertion (A): A normal human eye can clearly see all the objects beyond certain
minimum distance.
Reason (R): The human eye has capacity of adjusting the focal length of eye lens.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (1 Mark)

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Q14. What is the function of retina in the human eye?
Q15. Write the function of Iris in the human eye?
Q16. State the role of ciliary muscles in accommodation of eye.
Q17. What are the values of near point and far point of vision of a normal adult person?
Q18. Define power of accommodation of eye.
Q19. In a human eye, name the following parts:
(i) a thin membrane which allows light to enter into the eye.
(ii) the muscles which help in changing the focal length of the eye lens.
Q20. Priya prefers to sit in the front row as she finds it difficult to read the blackboard from
the last desk of her classroom. State the defect of vision she is suffering from.
Q21. What is tyndall effect?
Q22. List the factors on which scattering of light depends.
Q23. Why is red colour selected for danger signals lights?

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (2 marks)

Q24. (i) Why do different rays deviate differently in the prism?
(ii) How will you use two identical prisms so that a narrow beam of white light incident
on one prism emerges out of the second prism as white light?
Q25. What happens to the image distance in the normal human eye when we decrease the
distance of an object say 10m to 1m? Justify your answer.
Q26. A person needs a lens of power -2.5 D for correction of her vision.
(i) What kind of defect in vision is she suffering from?
(ii) What is the focal length of the corrective lens?
(iii) What is the nature of the corrective lens?
Q27. A person can see clearly only up to 3 m. Name the lens he should use for spectacles so
that he can see clearly up to 12 m. What type of refractive defect is he suffering from?
Q28. State two main causes of a person developing near-sightedness.
Q29. The time difference between actual sunset and apparent sunset is about 2 minutes.
Explain.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (3 marks)

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Q30. When do we consider a person to be myopic? List two causes of this defect. Explain
using the ray diagram how can this defect of eye be corrected?
Q31. What eye defect is hypermetropia? What are its two possible causes? Describe with the
ray diagram how this defect of vision can be corrected by using an appropriate lens.
Q32. What is a rainbow? Draw a labelled diagram to show the formation of rainbow.
Q33. What is atmospheric refraction? Briefly explain. Why does apparent position of a star
appear different from its true position?
Q34. A person is unable to see objects distinctly placed within 50cm from his eyes.
(a) Name the defect of vision he is suffering from.
(b) List the two possible causes of this defect.
(c) Mention the type of lens used by him for the correction of the defect and calculate its
power. Assume that the near point for the normal eye is 25cm.

CASE-STUDY BASED QUESTIONS: (4 marks)

Q35. Scattering of light is the process due to which light gets deflected and diffused all over
as a result of its interplay with tiny matter particles. When sun light enters the earth’s
atmosphere, it interplays with atoms and molecules of gases present in atmosphere and gets
scattered. The colour of scattered light depends on the size of scatterer particles and
wavelength of the colour of light.
(a) Light of which colour is scattered most any why?
(b) Why does clear sky appear light blue?
(c) A cosmonaut looks towards the sky from his/her spaceship. What would he observe
and why?
Q36. When white light is incident on one refracting surface of the prism, the light splits up
into constituent colours violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red. The process of
splitting of white light into its seven constituent colours is called dispersion. When the
dispersed white light is made to fall on a screen, we get the band of seven colours is called
the spectrum of white light. Red colour bends the least on passing through the prism and
violet colour bends through maximum angle on passing through the prism.
A student passed a beam of white light through a series of equilateral prisms as shown:

(a) What colour(s) will be seen on the screen?

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 (b) Copy the diagram above and draw the beam entering prism 1 and emerging from
prism 3 and falling on the screen.
(c) Name and define the phenomena that take place when the beam of light enters the
prism and emerges from prism 3.
OR
(c) Why do we get colours when white light passes through a prism? Name the
component of white light which deviates (i) the least and (ii) the most while passing through
a glass prism.

ANSWERS:
Q1. (d) Q2. (c) Q3. (c) Q4. (d) Q5. (a) Q6. (b) Q7. (b)
Q8. (b) Q9. (b) Q10. (d) Q11. (b) Q12. (c) Q13. (a) Q34. 2 D

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 CHAPTER-3
ELECTRICITY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

Q1. A charge of 100 C flows through a bulb in 5 minutes. How much current is flowing
through the bulb?
(a) 500 A (b) 100 A (c) 20 A (d) 0.3 A
Q2. A cylindrical conductor of length 'l' and uniform area of cross section 'A' has resistance
'R'. The area of cross section of another conductor of same material and same resistance but
of length 2l is
(a) A/2 (b) 3A/2 (c) 2A (d) 3A
Q3. Two devices are connected between two points, say A and B, in parallel. The physical
quantity that will remain the same between the two points is

(a) Current (b) Voltage (c) Resistance (d) None of these

Q4. Two bulbs of 100 W and 40 W are connected in series. The current through the 100 W
bulb is 1 A. The current through the 40 W bulb will be
(a) 0.4 A (b) 0.6 A (c) 0.8 A (d) 1 A
Q5. A cell, a resistor, a key and ammeter are arranged as shown in the circuit diagrams. The
current recorded in the ammeter will be
(a)

(a) maximum in (i) (b) maximum in (ii)

(b) maximum in (iii) (d) same in all three circuits

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Q6. A student carries out an experiment and plots the V-I graph of three samples of nichrome
wire with resistance R1, R2 and R3 respectively. Which of the following is true?

(a) R1 = R2 = R3 (b) R1 > R2 > R3

(c) R1 < R2 < R3 (d) R2 > R3 > R1
Q7. In order to move a charge of 3 C between two points on a conducting wire 12 J of work
is done. How much increase or decrease in the voltage will increase the work done of the
same amount of charge to 36 J?
(a) -8 V (b) +12 V (c) +8 V (d) -12 V
Q8. What is the minimum resistance which can be made using five resistors each of 1/5 Ω?
(a) 1/5 Ω (b) 1/25 Ω (c) 1/10 Ω (d) 25 Ω
Q9. Resistivity of a given conductor depends on
(a) length of conductor
(b) length as well as cross-section area of conductor
(c) material and dimensions of conductor
(d) material of conductor and temperature
Q10. The diagram shows a network of four resistors which is connected to an electric source.
Identify the resistors which are connected in series in this network.

(a) B, A and D (b) B, C and D (c) C, D and A (d) A, B and C

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ASSERTION AND REASONING:
Directions: Read the assertion (A) and reason (R) carefully and then mark the correct option
out of the options given below:
(a) Both (A) and reason are true and (R) is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both (A) and reason are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Q11. Assertion (A): Alloys are commonly used in electrical heating devices like electric iron
and heater.
Reason (R): Resistivity of an alloy is generally higher than that of its constituent metals
but the alloys have lower melting point than their constituent metals.
Q12. Assertion (A): Bending a wire does not affect its electrical resistance.
Reason (R): Resistance of a wire depends on its dimensions and the resistivity of the
material of wire.
Q13. Assertion (A): Copper and Aluminium are two metals which are most commonly used
in transmission lines.
Reason (R): These are conductors and conductors are those substances in which
electric charge can flow easily.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (1 Mark)

Q14. Define electric current.
Q15. What is meant by the statement "potential difference between points A and B in an
electric field is 1 volt"?
Q16. Define resistance. Give its SI unit.
Q17. When do you say that the resistance of a wire is 1 Ω?
Q18. State the law which gives the relation between the potential difference and the current
flowing through a wire.
Q19. What is electrical resistivity? What is its SI unit?
Q20. What happens to resistance of a conductor when its temperature is increased?
Q21. What is the lowest resistance that can be obtained by combining four coils of resistors
of 4 Ω, 8 Ω, 12 Ω and 24 Ω?
Q22. Name the instrument used to measure (i) electric current in a circuit and (ii) the
potential difference between two points in a circuit.

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Q23. State Joule's law of heating.
Q24. Nichrome is used to make the element of an electric heater. Why?

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (2 marks)

Q25. n electrons each carrying a charge -e flowing across a unit cross section of a metallic
wire in unit time from east to west. Write an expression for electric current and also give its
direction of flow. Give reason for your answer.
Q26. The charge possessed by an electron is 1.6 × 10 -19 C. Find the number of electrons that
will flow per second to constitute a current of 1 A.
Q27. Draw V-I graph for an ohmic resistor. What does the slope of this graph indicate?
Q28. Draw a diagram to show how to resistors R 1 and R2 are connected in parallel. In a
circuit, if the two resistors of 5 Ω and 10 Ω are connected in parallel, then find the ratio of
current passing through the two resistors.
Q29. A wire of length L and resistance R stretched so that the length is doubled and area of
cross-section halved. How will (i) resistance change, and (ii) resistivity change?
Q30. Three resistors of 3 Ω each are connected to a battery of 3 volt as shown in figure.
Calculate the current drawn from the battery.

Q31. Calculate the effective resistance between P and Q in the circuit shown in the figure.

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Q32. Define electric power. Express it in terms of V, I and R where V stands for potential
difference, R for resistance and I for current. What is the SI unit of electric power?

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (3 marks)

Q33. (i) List the factors on which the resistance of a cylindrical conductor depends and hence
write an expression for its resistance.
(ii)How will the resistivity of a conductor change when its length is tripled by stretching it?
Q34. Derive an expression for equivalent resistance when three resistors R 1 , R2 and R3 are
connected in series.
Q35. Derive an expression for equivalent resistance when three resistors R 1 , R2 and R3 are
connected in parallel.
Q36. Show how would you join three resistors each of resistance 9 ohm so that the equivalent
resistance of the combination is (i) 13.5 Ω and (ii) 6 Ω?
Q37. (i) Draw schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of five 2 V cells, a 5 Ω
resistor, a 10 Ω resistor and a 15 Ω resistor and a plug key all connected in series.
(ii) Calculate:
(a) the electric current passing through the above circuit when the key is closed.
(b) potential difference across 15 Ω resistor.
Q38. Find the equivalent resistance of the following circuit.

Q39. Two identical resistances each of resistance 10 Ω are connected (i) in series and then
(ii) in parallel in line to a battery of 6 volts. Calculate the ratio of power consumed in the
combination of resistors in the two cases.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS: (5 marks)

Q40.The values of current I flowing in a given resistor for the corresponding values of
potential difference V across the resistor are given below:

(i) plot a graph between V and I.

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 (ii) Calculate the resistance of that resistor. (iii) What does the graph represent?
Q41. Find out the following in the electric circuit given in the figure given below:

(a) Effective resistance of two 8 Ω resistors in the combination.

(b) Current flowing through 4 Ω resistor.
(c) Potential difference across 4 Ω resistor.
(d) Power dissipated in 4 Ω resistor.
(e) Difference in ammeter readings, if any.
Q42. What is heating effect of electric current? Find an expression for amount of heat
produced. Name some appliances based on heating effect of current.
Q43. An electric lamp of resistance 20 Ω and a conductor of resistance 4 Ω are connected to
a 6 V battery as shown in the circuit.

Calculate:
(a) the total resistance of the circuit,
(b) the current through the circuit,
(c) the potential difference across the (i) electric lamp and (ii) the conductor, and
(d) power of the lamp.

Q44. Two conductors A and B of resistances 5 Ω and 10 Ω respectively are first joined in
parallel and then in series. In each case the voltage applied is 20 V.
(a) Draw the circuit diagram to show the combination of these conductors in each case.
(b) In which combination will the voltage across the conductors A and B be the same?
(c) In which arrangement will the current through A and B is the same?

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 (d) Calculate the equivalent resistance for each arrangement.

CASE-STUDY BASED QUESTIONS: (4 marks)

Q45. The electrical energy consumed by an electrical appliance is given by the product of its
power rating and the time for which it is used. The SI unit of electrical energy is Joule (as
shown in figure).

Actually, Joule represents a very small quantity of energy and therefore it is inconvenient to
use where a large quantity of energy is involved.

(a) Write down the relation between commercial unit and SI unit of electrical energy.
(b) What is the SI unit of the quantity which is defined as electrical energy consumed per
unit time? Name that physical quantity.
(c) A torch bulb is rated 5V and 500mA. Calculate its (i) power and (ii) energy consumed
when it is lighted for 2.5 hrs.
OR

(c) Two lamps rated 100W, 220V and 25W, 220V are connected in parallel to a 220V
supply. Calculate the total current through the circuit.

Q46. Virat designed an electrical circuit consisting of three resistors of resistances 12Ω, 6Ω
and 4Ω respectively and a battery of steady volage 9V. The circuit completed by Virat is
shown here.

(a) How are the resistances connected in the circuit? Find the net resistance of the circuit.
(b) Find the value of reading of ammeter joined in the circuit as shown.
(c) Find the currents flowing through these three resistors. Are they equal?
OR

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 (c) Compare the electrical powers of three resistors.

ANSWERS:
Q1. (d) Q2. (c) Q3. (b) Q4. (d) Q5. (d) Q6. (c) Q7. (c)
Q8. (b) Q9. (d) Q10. (b) Q11. (c) Q12. (d) Q13. (a) Q21. 2 Ω
Q26. 6.25 x 10^18 electrons. Q28. 2:1
Q29. (i) new resistance will be four times its original value and (ii) no change
Q30. 1.5 A Q31. 0.81Ω
Q37. (ii) (a) 0.33 A and (b) 5 V Q38. 7.5 Ω Q39. 1:4
Q40. (ii) 3.2 Ω
Q41. (a) 4 Ω , (b) 1 A, (c) 4 V, (d) 4 W and (e) no difference
Q43. (a) 24 Ω, (b) 0.25 A, (c) (i) 5V and (ii) 1 V and (d) 1.25 W.
Q44. (d) For parallel arrangement- 3.33 Ω and for series arrangement- 15 Ω.
Q45. (c) (i) 2.5W and (ii) 36kJ OR 0.5A
Q46. (a) 2Ω, (b) 4.5A and (c) I 1 =0.75A, I 2 =1.5A and I 3 =2.25A OR 1:2:3

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 CHAPTER-4
MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

Q1. The magnetic field lines due to a straight wire carrying a current are
(a)straight (b) circular (c) parabola (d) elliptical
Q2. A student learns that magnetic field strength around a bar magnet is different at every
point. Which diagram shows the correct magnetic field lines around a bar magnet?

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Q3. Which diagram shows the magnetic field lines around a current carrying circular loop?

Q4. Appliances that have metal body are generally connected to the earthing wire. What is
the reason to earth these wires?
(a) to prevent excess of current (b) to prevent the leakage of current
(c) to provide extra current to appliance (d) to provide high resistance to the appliance
Q5. The strength of magnetic field along the axis of a current carrying solenoid:
(a) increases on increasing current flowing through the coil.
(b) increases on increasing the number of turns in the solenoid coil.
(c) increases on introducing a soft iron core inside the solenoid coil.
(d) all of the above.
Q6. Fleming's left hand rule gives
(a) magnitude of the force exerted on a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic
field.
(b) magnitude of the magnetic field.
(c) direction of the force exerted on a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic
field.
(d) both direction and magnitude of the force.
Q7. At the time of short circuit, the electric current in the circuit
(a) varies continuously.
(b) does not change.
(c) reduces substantially.
(d) increases heavily.
Q8. In India, the direction of alternating current changes its direction after a time interval of

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 (a) 1/50 s (b) 1/25 s (c) 1/100 s (d) 1/200 s

ASSERTION AND REASONING:

Directions: Read the assertion (A) and reason (R) carefully and then mark the correct option
out of the options given below:
(a) Both (A) and reason are true and (R) is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both (A) and reason are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Q9. Assertion (A): A straight wire carries a current in vertically upward direction. Magnetic
field lines around it are concentric circles in horizontal plane in an anticlockwise direction.
Reason (R): Direction of the magnetic field is given by right-hand thumb rule.
Q10. Assertion (A): The poles of a magnet cannot be separated by breaking into two parts.
Reason (R): In nature magnetic monopoles do not exist.

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (1 Mark)

Q11. Define magnetic field of a bar magnet.
Q12. What are magnetic field lines?
Q13. What is the shape of magnetic field lines due to a straight current carrying conductor?
Q14. State the rule to determine the direction of magnetic field around the current carrying
straight wire.
Q15. How is the strength of the magnetic field at a point near a wire related to the strength of
the electric current flowing in the wire?
Q16. What happens to the magnetic field lines due to a current carrying conductor when the
current is reversed?
Q17. Under what condition is the force by a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic
field maximum?
Q18. Why does a current carrying conductor experience of force when it is placed in a
magnetic field?
Q19. Why is an earth wire connected to metallic parts of appliances?
Q20. What type of current is given by a cell?
Q21. Write one advantage of A.C. over D.C.
Q22. Out of the three wires live, neutral or earth, which one goes through ON/OFF switch?
Q23. What is the function of a fuse in the domestic electric circuit?
Q24. What precautions should be taken to avoid the overloading of domestic electric circuits?

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SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (2 marks)
Q25. Describe an activity to draw a magnetic field line outside a bar magnet from one pole to
another pole.
Q26. Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines around a current carrying straight conductor.
How does the strength of the magnetic field produced, change with
(i) the distance from the conductor?
(ii) with an increase in current in a conductor?
Q27. Draw the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field due to a circular coil of current.
Name any two factors on which the magnitude of the magnetic field due to this coil depends.
Q28. What is a solenoid? Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of a solenoid through
which are steady current flows.
Q29. State two ways by which the strength of an electromagnet can be increased when the
material of the electromagnet is fixed.
Q30. What is an electromagnet? Draw a circuit diagram to show a soft iron rod can be
transformed into an electromagnet.
Q31. If fuses of 250 mA, 500 mA, 1 A, 5 A and 10 A were available, which one would be the
most suitable for protecting an amplifier rated at 240 V, 180 W ? Justify your answer with
necessary calculations.
Q32. Give two reasons why different electrical appliances in a domestic circuit are connected
in parallel.

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS: (3 marks)

Q33. How would the strength of a magnetic field due to a current carrying loop be affected,
if:
(a) the radius of the loop is reduced to half of its original value, and
(b) the strength of the current through the loop is doubled. Give reason for your answer.
Q34. A metallic conductor is suspended perpendicular to the magnetic field of a horse-shoe
magnet. The conductor gets displaced towards left when a current is passed through it. What
will happen to the displacement of the conductor if the
(i) current through it is increased?
(ii) horse-shoe magnet is replaced by another stronger horse-shoe magnet?
(iii) direction of current through it is reversed?
Q35. (a) State the rule you would use to find the direction of force acting on a current-
carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field.

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 (b) Given below are three diagrams showing entry of an electron in a magnetic field.
Identify the case in which the force on electron will be maximum and minimum
respectively. Give reason for your answer. Find the direction of maximum force
acting on electron.

CASE-STUDY BASED QUESTIONS: (4 marks)

Q36. Poorvi fixed a sheet of white paper on a drawing board. She placed a bar magnet NS at
the centre on the paper and marked its boundary. Then she sprinkled some iron fillings
uniformly around the bar magnet. When she tapped gently, she observed that iron fillings
arranged themselves in a certain pattern as shown here.

(a) What is the significance of various curves formed by iron fillings?

(b) What does the closeness of field lines in a magnetic field signify?
(c) Can two magnetic field lines intersect each other? Give reason for your answer.
OR
(c) Define magnetic field lines. Draw a diagram to represent the magnetic field lines
around a bar magnet.

ANSWERS:

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Q1. (b) Q2. (c) Q3. (b) Q4. (b) Q5. (d) Q6. (c) Q7. (d)
Q8. (c) Q9. (a) Q10. (a)

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