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SW Assignment

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SW Assignment

Uploaded by

darshitbhuva1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment – 1 (Software Workshop)

!). With which character the passwords on UNIX shell are echoed?

Ans. passwd character the passwords of UNIX shell are echoed.

2). In Linux, is directory a file?


Ans. Yes, directory is a file. And contains entry for each file and subdirectory. It’s contains
only file name not file’s contents.

3). Distinguish between file, program and process.


Ans.
 File: A file is an array of bytes and contains anything.
 A file is a container for storing information.
 All the file attributes are kept in separate area of the hard disk not directly accessible to us but
only to the kernel
 UNIX treats directory, hard disk, printer, shell, kernel etc. as a file.

o Program: A program is sequence of instructions understandable by CPU. That indicates which


operations a computer should perform on a set of data.

 Process: A process is a name given to the file when it is executes as a program. A processes is
manipulates in a way how files are manipulates .

4). Out of kernel and shell, which interacts with user and which interacts with hardware?
Ans. Out of kernel and shell,
Kernel is interacts with hardware and Shell is interacts with User.

5). Can it be said that Linux=UNIX?


Ans. No, it can’t be said that Linux=UNIX.

6). List any 5 flavours of Linux.


Ans.
 Ubuntu
 CentOS
 Fedora
 Kali Linux
 Linux Mint

7). Give any 3 internal commands and 3 external commands.


Ans. Internal Command External Command
 cd ls
 echo cat
 pwd date

8). what command gives the name of the currently running shell?
Ans. echo $SHELL gives the name of currently running shell.

9). Check the man page for man command and write the main sections of a man page.
Ans.
 Executable programs or shell commands
 System calls (functions provided by the kernel)
 Library calls (functions within program libraries
 Games
 Special files (usually found in /dev)
 File formats and conventions eg /etc/passwd
 Miscellaneous (including macro packages and conventions), e.g. groff(7)
 System administration commands (usually only for root)
 Kernel routines [Non standard]

10). Check man page for the 3 external commands (of question 7) and write in brief about
the command.
Ans. ls, cat, date etc. are external commands .
 cat: concatenate files and print on the standard output.
Synopsys: cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION:
Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output.

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input .


 ls: list directory contents.
Synopsys: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION:
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

 date: print or set the system date and time


Synopsys: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC] YY][.ss]]

DESCRIPTION:
Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

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