Chapter 13

TABLE OF CONTENTS – BEARINGS
CHAPTER 13
FILE NO. TITLE DATE
TABLE OF CONTENTS AND INTRODUCTION
13.TOC-1 Table of Contents – Chapter 13 ............................................................. 30Oct2020

13.TOC-2 Table of Contents – Chapter 13 ............................................................. 30Oct2020
13.00 Introduction – Chapter 13 ...................................................................... 30Oct2020
GENERAL INFORMATION
13.01-1 General Information ............................................................................... 30Oct2020

13.01-2 Bearing Type and Selection, Anchorage, Reset.................................... 30Oct2020
* 13.01-3 Sample Plan for Bearing Layout ............................................................ 30Oct2020
STEEL LAMINATED ELASTOMERIC BEARING - FIXED
13.02-1 Sample Design Calculations .................................................................. 30Oct2020

STEEL LAMINATED ELASTOMERIC BEARING WITH PTFE

* Indicates 11 x 17 sheet; all others are 8½ x 11
PART 2
BEARINGS DATE: 30Oct 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS – CHAPTER 13 SHEET 1 of 2
FILE NO. 13.TOC-2
TABLE OF CONTENTS – BEARINGS
CHAPTER 13
FILE NO. TITLE DATE
POT BEARING - GUIDED EXPANSION

PART 2
BEARINGS DATE: 30Oct 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS – CHAPTER 13 SHEET 2 of 2
FILE NO. 13.TOC-2
INTRODUCTION
It is the intent of this chapter is to establish the guidelines, practices and specific requirements of
the Structure and Bridge Division for the design and detailing of bearings and related structures.
Bearing types covered in this chapter include steel laminated elastomeric bearings, steel
laminated elastomeric bearings with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sliding surfaces, and high
load multi-rotational (HLMR) bearings.
References to AASHTO LRFD Specifications in this chapter refer to the AASHTO LRFD Bridge
Design Specifications including current VDOT Modifications (IIM-S&B-80).
The practices and requirements set forth herein are intended to supplement or clarify the
requirements of the AASHTO LRFD Specifications, and to provide additional information to assist
the designer. In the event of conflict(s) between the practices and requirements set forth herein
and those contained in the AASHTO LRFD specifications, the more stringent requirements shall
govern.
It is expected that the users of this chapter will adhere to the practices and requirements stated
herein. For situations not covered by these guidelines, a design waiver/approval will be required.
The designer shall be responsible for investigation, analysis and calculations necessary to secure
a design waiver/approval.
Standards for bearings, BBD series, are located in Part 3 of this manual.
NOTE:
Due to various restrictions on placing files in this manual onto the Internet, portions of the
drawings shown do not necessarily reflect the correct line weights, line types, fonts, arrowheads,
etc. Wherever discrepancies occur, the written text shall take precedence over any of the drawn
views.
PART 2
BEARINGS DATE: 30Oct2020
INTRODUCTION – CHAPTER 13 SHEET 1 of 1
FILE NO. 13.00-1
GENERAL INFORMATION:
Bearings can be fixed, guided expansion or non-guided expansion. Fixed bearings do not allow
translational movement in any direction. Guided expansion bearings allow translational movement
in one direction. Non-guided expansion bearings allow movement in any direction. All bearings
generally allow rotation about certain axis.
Expansion bearings either slip or distort. Slip bearings accommodate movement when temperature
and shrinkage (where applicable) forces overcome friction for the particular bearing type.
As set Expanded/Contracted As set Expanded/Contracted
SLIP DISTORTION
The following values for friction coefficients may be used for design: 0.25 for steel bearings, 0.10 for
self lubricating bronze plates and 0.08 for steel bearings with PTFE surfaces. When determining the
friction force, use dead load only. Live load reactions should not be included. The friction forces are
transferred to the substructure.
Elastomeric bearings accommodate movement by distortion. Distortion of the elastomeric bearing

creates internal forces that are transferred to the substructure. These internal forces can be large
enough to cause substructure deflection and the overall movement becomes a function of both pad
distortion and substructure deflection (refer to examples starting on File No. 15.04-4).
Bearings must also facilitate rotation caused by deflection from the loaded superstructure and non-
parallelism of the bearing surfaces.
PART 2
BEARINGS DATE: 30Oct2020
GENERAL INFORMATION SHEET 1 of 3
FILE NO. 13.01-1
BEARING TYPE AND SELECTION:
When deciding whether to use fixed or expansion bearings at each substructure unit, consideration
must be given to facilitating the anticipated thermal movements and achieving a desired distribution
of horizontal loads to the substructure units. For additional guidance on the layout of bearings at
piers and abutments, refer to Files Nos. 15.04-1 thru 15.04-12 and 17.01-17, respectively.
Laminated elastomeric bearings are the preferred bearing type for most bridge applications. They
offer lower initial cost and require minimal long-term maintenance as compared to other bearing
types. There are three primary types of elastomeric bearings that should be considered for use on
bridges: plain elastomeric bearings, steel laminated elastomeric bearings, and steel laminated
elastomeric bearings with PTFE sliding surfaces.
Plain or steel laminated elastomeric bearings, depending on what the design requires, are used for
prestressed concrete voided slabs or box beams. Laminated elastomeric bearings with PTFE
sliding surfaces should be considered when the required movement exceeds the shear
requirements for laminated elastomeric bearings. Bearing Standards BBD-8 or -9 shall be used for
laminated elastomeric bearings.
High load multi-rotational (HLMR) bearings shall be used in high load situations when movements
and rotations cannot be accommodated by elastomeric bearings. Standards BBD-0,-6,-7A and -7B
shall be used for HLMR bearings.
Low profile steel bearings may be used for existing bridges or new bridges with an approval from
the District Bridge Engineer. Standard BDD-4 shall be used for low profile steel bearings.
It is not recommended to mix bearing types on new bridges. An approval from the District Bridge
Engineer is required to mix bearing types.
ANCHORAGE:
Anchor bolts are provided to secure bearings to abutments or piers and to carry forces between
the superstructure and substructure. Anchor bolts shall be designed for the factored shear force
in the direction of fixity. Therefore, either larger or additional anchor bolts to those shown in the
standard drawings may be required. AASHTO LRFD 3.10.9 provides bearing anchorage
requirements for seismic loads.
BEARING RESET AND REPLACEMENT:

Bearings may need to be reset at the end of bridge construction or replaced during the service life.
Therefore, particular attention should be paid to the bearing reset and replacement during the
design phase. Refer to Chapter 28 - Bridge Jacking and Blocking, for additional requirements and
guidelines.
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
GENERAL INFORMATION SHEET 2 of 3
BEARING TYPE AND SELECTION, ANCHORAGE, RESET FILE NO. 13.01-2
SAMPLE DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Steel Reinforced Elastomreric Bearing - Fixed
GIVEN AND ASSUMPTIONS:
· 2 continuous spans (149' and 149') contributing to a total length of 298'

· Steel plate girders
· Fixed bearing located at pier. Abutments are expansion
· Rectangular shaped bearings
· This is a check of the fixed pier bearings only
DESIGN INPUT:
PDL := 416kip Dead Load, Unfactored
PLL := 303kip Live Load, Unfactored
1
α := 0.0000065 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for Superstructure
Δ°F
SSdepth := 11.0ft Superstructure Depth
Grmax := 1.00% Maximum Grade %
LRFD LOAD FACTORS: AASHTO LRFD TABLE 3.4.1-1
γTU := 1.2 Temperature
γs1DL := 1.0 Service I DL
γs1LL := 1.0 Service I LL
γs1WS := 1.0 Service I WS
γs1WL := 1.0 Service I WL
γs1BR := 1.0 Service I BR
γstBR := 1.75 Strength I BR
γst3WS := 1.0 Strength III WS
γst5WS := 1.0 Strength V WS
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
STEEL REINFORCED ELASTOMERIC BEARING - FIXED SHEET 1 of 12
SAMPLE DESIGN CALCULATIONS FILE NO. 13.02-1
γst5WL := 1.0 Strength V WL
γst5BR := 1.35 Strength V BR
γeeEQ := 1.0 Extreme Event I EQ
BEARING GEOMETRY:
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
bf := 24in
Flange Width
W pad := 24in Bearing Width, W
PT := γs1DL  P DL + γs1LL  PLL PT = 719.000kip Total Compressive Load at Service Limit 1
PT AASHTO LRFD
2
Amin := = 522.909in Min. Area of Bearing Req'd
1.11.25ksi 14.7.6.3.2-8
A min
Lmin := Lmin = 21.788 in Minimum Bearing Length
W pad
Lpad := 22in Lpad = 22.000in Bearing Length, L
2
Apad := W pad Lpad Apad = 528.000in Bearing Area
Hri := 0.5in Elastomeric Layer Thickness
Hrc := 0.3in Thickness of Top and Bottom Cover Layers (each)
n1 := 7 No. of Interior Elastomeric Layers
Thickness of Top and

0.7Hri = 0.35in Elastomeric Layer Thickness
Bottom Cover Layers (each)
(
Check1 := if Hrc  0.7Hri , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check1 = "OK" AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.1
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
hrt := 2Hrc + n1  Hri hrt = 4.1in Total Elastomer Thickness
Hs := 0.1196in Steel Shim Thickness
Db := 1.75in Anchor Bolt Diameter
Nb := 2 No. Anchor Bolt per bearing
 2
 πDb  2
Ab := Nb    Ab = 4.811in TotalAnchor Bolt Area
 4 
Tensile Strength of Anchor Rod
Fub := 58ksi
AASHTO M314 Grade 36
Ns := 1 No. Shear Planes
Lpad W pad Rectangular Shape AASHTO LRFD

Si := Si = 11.478
(
Hri  2Lpad + 2  W pad ) Factor 14.7.5.1-1
 2 
 Si  AASHTO LRFD
Check2 := if  < 22 , "Meets Method A Requirements" , "Redesign" 
n1 C14.7.6.1
 
Check2 = "Meets Method A Requirements"
HORIZONTAL LOADS:
NL := 4 Number of Lanes
Number of Girders
Ng := 6
Multiple Presence Factor

m := 0.65
Contributing Span Length
Lspan := 298ft
The braking force shall be taken as the

AASHTO LRFD 3.6.4
greater of:
Truck := 0.25(32kip + 32kip + 8kip) mNL Truck = 46.800 kip
Tandem := 0.25(25kip + 25kip) mNL Tandem = 32.500 kip
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
(
TruckLane := 0.05 32kip + 32kip + 8kip + 0.64klfLspan mNL ) TruckLane = 34.154 kip
(
TandemLane := 0.05 25kip + 25kip + 0.64klfLspan mNL ) TandemLane = 31.294 kip
BRtotal := max(Truck , Tandem , TruckLane , TandemLane) BRtotal = 46.800kip
BRtotal
BR := BR = 7.800  kip Braking force at each bearing
Ng
Vst3 := 115 mph (Strength III) Design 3-second AASHTO LRFD

Gust Wind Speed Table 3.8.1.1.2-1
Vst5 := 80 mph (Strength V)
Vs1 := 70 mph (Service I)
Structure Height Z := 33 ft
2
  Z  
 2.5ln   + 6.87
  0.9834   Pressure Exposure and AASHTO LRFD 3.8.1.2.1-2
KZ :=
345.6 Elevation Coefficient
KZ = 0.709 For Wind Exposure Category B
G := 1.00 Gust Effect Factor AASHTO LRFD Table 3.8.1.2.1-1
CD := 1.3 Drag Coefficient AASHTO LRFD Table 3.8.1.2.1-2
PZst3 :=  2.5610  Vst3  KZ G CD ksf

-6 2
Strength III AASHTO LRFD 3.8.1.2.1-1
 
PZst3 = 0.031  ksf
PZst5 :=  2.5610 Vst5 KZ GCD ksf

-6 2
Strength V
 
PZst5 = 0.015  ksf
PZs1 :=  2.5610 V s1 KZ GCD ksf

-6 2
Service I
 
PZs1 = 0.012  ksf
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
2
Ass := Lspan  SSdepth Ass = 3278 ft Surface Area
Wind Load on Structure (Assume wind acts at 45 deg to superstructure making it coincident with
the resultant of other lateral and longitudinal loads)
(
WSst3 := P Zst3  Ass ) WSst3 = 102.286kip Strength III AASHTO LRFD
Table 3.8.1.3-1
(
WSst5 := P Zst5 Ass ) WSst5 = 49.499kip Strength V
(
WSs1 := PZs1 Ass ) WSs1 = 37.898 kip Service I
WLlat := 0.1klf0.5Lspan WLlat = 14.900kip
(
WLlon := 0.04klf Lspan ) WLlon = 11.920kip
Earthquake Load: Assume Site Class C, AASHTO LRFD Table 3.10.3.1-1
S1 := 0.03 Horizontal Response Spectral AASHTO LRFD Figure 3.10.2.1-3

Acceleration Coefficient
Fv := 1.7 Site Factor for Long-Period

AASHTO LRFD Table 3.10.3.2-3
Range of Acceleration Spectrum
SD1 := Fv S1 SD1 = 0.05

AASHTO LRFD 3.10.4.2-6
Seismic Zone --> Zone 1 Because SD1 <0.15 AASHTO LRFD Table 3.10.6-1
PGA := 0.04 Peak Ground Acceleration Coefficient Figure AASHTO LRFD 3.10.2.1-1
Fpga := 1.2 Site Factor at Zero-Period AASHTO LRFD Table 3.10.3.2-1

Acceleration Spectrum
AS := Fpga PGA AS = 0.048 AASHTO LRFD 3.10.4.2-2
( ) (
EQ := if A S < 0.05 , 0.15 PDL + 0.5P LL , 0.25 PDL + 0.5PLL 
  ) AASHTO LRFD 3.10.9.2
EQ = 85.125 kip
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
COMPRESSIVE STRESS: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.2
Shear Modulus for steel AASHTO LRFD

G := 0.095ksi 50 Durometer Hardness
reinforced Elastomer w/o PTFE Table 14.7.6.2-1
Check3 := if (G  0.08ksi , if (G  0.175ksi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) , "NO GOOD" ) AASHTO LRFD
14.7.6.2
Check3 = "OK"
PT
σs := PT = 719.000kip σs = 1361.742 psi Service Avg. Compressive
Apad Stress (Total Load)
γs1LL  PLL Service Avg. Compressive

σL := σL = 573.864 psi
Apad Stress (Live Load)
( )
AASHTO LRFD
Check4 := if σs < 1.11.25GSi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" Check4 = "OK"
14.7.6.3.2-7
( )
AASHTO LRFD
Check5 := if σs < 1.11.25ksi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" Check5 = "OK"
14.7.6.3.2-8
COMPRESSIVE DEFLECTION: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.3 and 14.7.5.3.6
γs1DL  PDL Service Avg. Stress

σD := σD = 787.9 psi
Apad Due to Dead Load
Lpad W pad Cover Shape AASHTO LRFD

Scover := Scover = 19.130
(
Hrc  2Lpad + 2  W pad ) Factor 14.7.5.1-1
K := 450ksi Bulk Modulus AASHTO LRFD C.14.7.5.3.3
(3G) Compressibility Index in AASHTO LRFD C.14.7.5.3.3-6

λ i := Si  = 0.289
K Interior Layer
2
  Lpad W pad 
 Peak Hydrostatic
Bai := ( 2.31 - 1.86λ i) + ( -0.90 + 0.96λ i)   1 - min  , Stress Coefficient
  W pad Lpad 
   in Interior Layer
Bai = 1.768 AASHTO LRFD C.14.7.5.3.3-7
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
σs
ε int := = 0.021 Total Compressive Strain AASHTO LRFD
 ai ( i) 
3  B G S 2 in Interior Layer 14.7.5.3.6 & 14.7.5.3.3-15
(3G) Compressibility Index AASHTO LRFD

λ cover := S cover  = 0.481
K in Exterior Layer C.14.7.5.3.3-6
2

Bacover := ( 2.31 - 1.86λ cover) + ( -0.90 + 0.96λ cover)   1 - min  ,
  
  W pad Lpad 
Bacover = 1.411 Peak Hydrostatic Stress AASHTO LRFD

Coefficient in Exterior Layer C.14.7.5.3.3-7
σs Total Compressive AASHTO LRFD

ε cover := = 0.009
Strain in Exterior C14.7.5.3.3-15 &
 acover G ( Scover) 
3B 2
Layer C14.7.5.3.6-1
δ := n1  Hri  ε int + 2Hrc ε cover Initial Compressive Deflection AASHTO LRFD

under TOTAL load (int. layers + 14.7.5.3.6
ext. cover layers)
δ = 0.077  in
σD DL Compressiv e AASHTO LRFD
ε DL_int := = 0.012
Strain in Interior Layer C14.7.5.3.3-15
 ai ( i) 
3  B G S 2
σD
εDL_cover := = 0.005 DL Compressiv e Strain AASHTO LRFD

3B 2 in Exterior Layer C14.7.5.3.3-15
δDL := n1  Hri ε DL_int + 2Hrc ε DL_cover Initial Compressive AASHTO LRFD

Deflection under DEAD 14.7.5.3.6
load (int. layers + ext.
δDL = 0.0447in cover layers)
δLL := δ - δDL δLL = 0.033in Compressive AASHTO LRFD

Deflection from LL C14.7.5.3.6
(
Check6 := if δLL < 0.125in , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check6 = "OK"
acr := 0.25 Creep Deflection @ 25 Years AASHTO LRFD Table 14.7.6.2-1

Divided by Initial Deflection
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Long-Term Dead Load AASHTO LRFD
δLT := δDL + acr δDL δLT = 0.056  in
Deflection from LL & Creep 14.7.5.3.6-3
(According to C14.7.5.3.6, long term dead load deflection should be considered where joints and
seals between sections of the bridge rest on bearings of different design and when estimating
redistribution of forces in continuous bridges caused by settlement.)
Initial Compressive Deflection of AASHTO LRFD

ε int  Hri = 0.010  in 0.09Hri = 0.045  in
Single Internal Layer 14.7.6.3.3
(
Check7 := if εint Hri < 0.9Hri , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check7 = "OK"
SHEAR DEFORMATION: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.4
Fixed bearing, therefore doesn't apply.
STABILITY: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.6
TotalThickness of Bearing Shall Not Exceed the Least of:
Lpad W pad
= 7.333  in = 8.000  in
3 3
(
Tbrg := hrt + Hs  n1 + 1 ) Tbrg = 5in Total Bearing Thickness
  Lpad W pad  
Check8 := if  min  ,   Tbrg , "OK" , "NO GOOD"  Check8 = "OK"
  3 3  
ANCHORAGE: AASHTO LRFD 14.8.3
( s1WL WLlon + γs1BR BR) + ( γs1WL WLlat) 

RHs1 := γs1WS WS s1 + γ 2 2
RHs1 = 62.614 kip Service I Horizontal Load
RHst3 := γst3WS  WS st3 RHst3 = 102.286kip Strength III Horizontal Load
( st5WL WLlon + γst5BR BR) + ( γst5WL WLlat ) 

RHst5 := γst5WS WS st5 + γ 2 2
RHst5 = 76.444 kip Strength V Horizontal Load
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
RHee := γeeEQ EQ RHee = 85.125kip Extreme Event I Horizontal Load
(
RH := max RHs1 , RHst3 , RHst5 , RHee ) RH = 102.286kip Horizontal Load to Resist
Shear Resistance
Rn := 0.50Ab  Fub Ns Rn = 139.506kip AASHTO LRFD 6.13.2.12
of Anchor Bolts
(
Check9 := if Rn  RH , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check9 = "OK"
REINFORCEMENT (Steel Shim): AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.7 & 14.7.5.3.5
(
Check10 := if Hs  0.0625in , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Minimum Thickness of Steel Shim
Check10 = "OK"
Hri = 0.5in σs = 1.362  ksi
Fy := 36ksi Min. Yield Strength of Steel Shim
3.0  Hri σs

hs_min_s := = 0.057  in Service Limit State AASHTO LRFD 14.7.5.3.5-1
Fy
ΔFTH := 24ksi Constant Amplitude Fatigue Threshold AASHTO LRFD Table 6.6.1.2.5-3
2.0Hri σL
hs_min_f := = 0.024  in σL = 0.574  ksi AASHTO LRFD 14.7.5.3.5-2
ΔFTH
( )
Required Min. Steel
hs_min := max hs_min_s , hs_min_f hs_min = 0.057  in
Shim Thickness
(
Check11 := if Hs  hs_min , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check11 = "OK"
SOLE PLATE:
(
W s := max bf + 12in , W pad + 14in ) W s = 38.000 in Sole Plate Width
Ls := Lpad + 2in Ls = 24.000in Sole Plate Length
ϕf := 1.00
Flexural Resistance Factor AASHTO LRFD 6.5.4.2
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
f y := 50ksi Yield Strength of Steel
Tmin := 1.5in Min. thickness of sole plate, NSBA G9.1 -1.4.3
OH := 0.5 bf - W pad OH = 0.000  in Overhang of Sole Plate
2
3P T (OH)
TOH := TOH = 0.000  in Assuming bf > W pad
(ϕf fy) bf Ls
(
Tspmin := max Tmin , TOH ) Tspmin = 1.500  in
Ts := Tmin + 0.5Ls Grmax Ts = 1.620  in Thickness at C/L Bearing
DESIGN SUMMARY:
Steel Reinforced Elastomeric Pad
W pad = 24.000in Bearing Width, W
Lpad = 22.000in Bearing Length, L
Hri = 0.5in Elastomeric Layer Thickness
Hrc = 0.3in Thickness of Cover Layers
n1 = 7 No. of Interior Elastomeric Layers (Excluding Exterior Layer Allowance)
hrt = 4.1in Total Elastomer Thickness
Hs = 0.1196 in Steel Shim Thickness
Ht := Tbrg Ht = 5.057  in Total Pad Thickness, H
Sole Plate
W s = 38.000 in
Sole Plate Width
Ls = 24.000in Sole Plate Length
Ts = 1.620  in Sole Plate Thickness
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Anchor Bolts
Nb = 2 Number of Anchor Bolts Required
Db = 1.750in Anchor Bolt Diameter
Total Bearing Height
Htotal := Ts + Ht Htotal = 6.677  in Total Bearing Height, A
Total Design Vertical Load Service I
Pv := P T = 719.000kip
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Steel Reinforced Elastomeric Bearing with PTFE

· 10 - 81'-6" spans contributing to a total bridge length of 815'-0"
· Prestressed Concrete Bulb Tee Girders
· Expansion bearings are located at both abutments and Bents 1, 2, 8 & 9
· Rectangular Shaped Bearings
· This is a check of the abutment expansion bearings only
· Anchorage design not included in these calculations
DESIGN INPUT:
PDL := 94kip Dead Load, Unfactored
PLL := 77kip Live Load, Unfactored
Lspan := 81.5ft Span Length
ΔDL := 0.66in Dead Load Deflection
θDL := 0.077° θDL = 0.001rad Dead Load Rotation
-4
θLL := 0.04° θLL = 6.981  10 rad Live Load Rotation
Total Length of Superstrucutre

Lexp := 407.5ft
Contributing to Expansion
Total Length of Superstrucutre Contributing
LexpCRSH := 407.5ft
to Expansion for Creep and Shrinkage
1 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for
α := 0.000006
Δ°F Superstructure
LRFD LOAD FACTORS: AASHTO LRFD Table 3.4.1-1
γs1DL := 1.0 Service I DL
γs1LL := 1.0 Service I LL
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
STEEL REINFORCED ELASTOMERIC BEARING WITH PTFE SHEET 1 of 11
BEARING GEOMETRY:
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
bf := 32in Flange Width
W pad := 22in Bearing Width
PT := γs1DL  P DL + γs1LL  PLL PT = 171.000kip Total Compressive Load,

Service Limit State I
PT
2
Amin := Amin = 136.800in Min. Area of Bearing Required
1.25ksi
A min
Lmin := Lmin = 6.218in Minimum Bearing Length
W pad
Lpad := 15in Lpad = 15.000in Bearing Length
2
Apad := W pad Lpad Apad = 330.000in Bearing Area
Hri := 0.48in Elastomeric Layer Thickness
Thickness of Top and Bottom

Hrc := 0.7Hri = 0.336  in
Cover Layers (each)
n1 := 7 No. of Interior Elastomeric Layers
hrt := 2Hrc + n1  Hri hrt = 4.032  in Total Elastomer Thickness
Hs := 0.1196in Steel Shim Thickness
μPTFE := 0.08 Coefficient of Friction between AASHTO LRFD Table 14.7.2.5-1

PTFE and Stainless Steel
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
W PTFE := W pad - 1.0in W PTFE = 21.000in PTFE Width
LPTFE := Lpad - 1.0in LPTFE = 14.000 in PTFE Length
Hp := 0.25in PTFE Thickness, AASHTO LRFD 14.7.2.3.1
2
APTFE := W PTFE LPTFE APTFE = 294.00 in PTFE Area
Lpad W pad Rectangular

Si := AASHTO LRFD 14.7.5.1-1
(
Hri  2Lpad + 2  W pad ) Shape Factor
Si = 9.291
 2 
 Si  AASHTO LRFD
Check1 := if  < 20 , "Meets Method A Requirements" , "Redesign" 
n1 C14.7.6.1
 
Check1 = "Meets Method A Requirements"
PTFE SLIDING SURFACE: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.2
( )
Check Requirements for AASHTO LRFD
t PTFEmin := if W PTFE  24in , 0.1875in , 0.25in
PTFE Minimum Thickness 14.7.2.3.1
t PTFEmin = 0.1875in
(
CheckPTFEmin := if Hp  t PTFEmin , "OK" , "NO GOOD" )
CheckPTFEmin = "OK"
γs1DL  PDL
CSDL := = 0.320  ksi Average Contact Stress AASHTO LRFD 14.7.2.4
APTFE
(
Check2 := if CSDL  1.5ksi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check2 = "OK"
PT
CSTL := = 0.582  ksi Average Contact Stress (Total Load) AASHTO LRFD 14.7.2.4
APTFE
(
Check3 := if CSTL  2.5ksi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check3 = "OK"
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
AASHTO LRFD
G := 0.095ksi Shear Modulus of Elastomer (50 Durometer Hardness)
Table 14.7.6.2-1
Check4 := if (G  0.080ksi , if (G  0.250ksi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) , "NO GOOD" )
Check4 = "OK" AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.2 & 14.7.5.2
2
Ec := 4.8G Si = 39.359 ksi Effective Modulus of Elastomeric Bearing in Compression
AASHTO C14.6.3.2-1
W 3
 PTFE LPTFE  4 Moment of Inertia of Plan Shape of Bearing
I := = 0.232  ft
12
γs1DL  θDL
( )
Dead Load Service Moment
Md := 1.6 0.5E c I  Md = 50.397kip in
hrt AASHTO LRFD 14.6.3.2-3
θT := γs1DL  θDL + γs1LL  θLL θT = 0.002rad Total Load Rotation
θT
( )
Total Load Service Moment
Mt := 1.6 0.5Ec I  Mt = 76.578kip in
hrt AASHTO LRFD 14.6.3.2-3
Md
ESDL := CSDL + = 0.393  ksi Dead Load Edge Stress
 2 AASHTO LRFD 14.7.2.4
 W PTFE  LPTFE 
 
 6 
(
Check5 := if ESDL  2ksi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check5 = "OK"
Mt
ESTL := CSTL +
 2 Total Load Edge Stress
 W PTFE  LPTFE 
 
 6 
ESTL = 0.693ksi AASHTO LRFD 14.7.2.4
(
Check6 := if ESDL  3ksi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check6 = "OK"
COMPRESSIVE STRESS: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.2
2
PT = 171.000kip Apad = 330.000in
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
PT
σs := = 0.518  ksi Service Avg. Compressive Stress (Total Load)
Apad
PLL = 77.000kip
γs1LL  PLL
σL := = 0.233  ksi Service Avg. Compressive Stress (Live Load)
Apad
1.25GSi = 1.103  ksi
(
Check7 := if σs < 1.25GS i , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.2-7
Check7 = "OK"
(
Check8 := if σs < 1.25ksi , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.2-8
Check8 = "OK"
COMPRESSIVE DEFLECTION: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.5.3.6 & 14.7.6.3.3
PDL = 94.000kip
γs1DL PDL Service Avg. Stress Due to Dead Load

σD := = 0.285ksi
Apad
Lpad W pad
Scover := = 13.272 Cover Shape Factor AASHTO LRFD
(
Hrc  2Lpad + 2W pad ) 14.7.5.1-1
K := 450ksi Assumed Bulk Modulus AASHTO LRFD C.14.7.5.3.3
(3G) AASHTO LRFD

λ i := Si  = 0.234 Compressibility Index in Interior Layer
K C.14.7.5.3.3-6
2
 Peak Hydrostatic
Bai := ( 2.31 - 1.86λ i) + ( -0.90 + 0.96λ i)   1 - min  , Stress Coefficient in
  W pad Lpad 
   Interior Layer
AASHTO LRFD
Bai = 1.807
C.14.7.5.3.3-7
σs
ε int := = 0.012 Total Compressive AASHTO LRFD
 ai ( i) 
3  B G S 2 Strain in Interior Layer 14.7.5.3.3-15
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
(3G) Compressibility Index AASHTO LRFD
λ cover := S cover  = 0.334
K in Exterior Layer C.14.7.5.3.3-6
2

Bacover := ( 2.31 - 1.86λ cover) + ( -0.90 + 0.96λ cover)   1 - min  ,
  
  W pad Lpad 
Peak Hydrostatic Stress AASHTO LRFD

Bacover = 1.630
Coefficient in Exterior Layer C.14.7.5.3.3-7
σs
ε cover := = 0.006 Total Compressive AASHTO LRFD

3B 2 Strain in Exterior Layer C14.7.5.3.6-1
Initial Compressive Deflection AASHTO LRFD

δ := n1  Hri  ε int + 2Hrc ε cover = 0.043  in
under TOTAL load (int. layers 14.7.5.3.6
+ ext. cover layers)
σD DL Compressiv e Strain AASHTO LRFD

ε DL_int := = 0.006
in Interior Layer C14.7.5.3.3-15
 ai ( i) 
3B G S 2
σD
ε DL_cover := = 0.003 DL Compressiv e Strain AASHTO LRFD

3B 2 in Exterior Layer C14.7.5.3.3-15
Initial Compressive Deflection

δDL := n1  Hri ε DL_int + 2Hrc ε DL_cover AASHTO LRFD
under DEAD load (int. layers
14.7.5.3.6
+ ext. cover layers)
δDL = 0.0239in
δLL := δ - δDL = 0.020  in Compressive Deflection from LL
( )
AASHTO LRFD
Check9 := if δLL < 0.125in , "OK" , "NO GOOD" Check9 = "OK"
C14.7.5.3.6
Initial Compressive Deflection AASHTO LRFD

ε int  Hri = 0.006  in 0.09Hri = 0.0432in
of Single Internal Layer 14.7.6.3.3
(
Check10 := if ε int Hri < 0.9Hri , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check10 = "OK"
SHEAR DEFORMATION: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.4
Deformation Due to
ΔCRSH := 0.0003LexpCRSH ΔCRSH = 1.467  in
Creep and Shrinkage
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Design Temperature AASHTO LRFD
Δtemp := (80 - 0)Δ°F Δtemp = 80Δ°F
Range 3.12.2.1
( )
Max. Thermal AASHTO LRFD 3.12.2.1
Δ0 := γTU  0.65αLexp  Δtemp + ΔCRSH
Movement & 14.7.5.3.2
Δ0 = 3.298  in
hrt = 4.032  in Total Elastomer Thickness
(
Check11 := if hrt  2Δ0 , "OK" , "Use PTFE" ) Check11 = "Use PTFE"
Hbu := μPTFE  γs1DL  P DL = 7.520kip Horizontal Force at Service Limit
(
Hbu hrt ) Design Movement Induced AASHTO LRFD 14.6.3.1-2
Δ01 := = 0.967in
(
G  Apad ) by Sliding Friction
Max. Total Shear Deformation

Δs := γTU  Δ01 = 1.161in 2Δs = 2.321  in
of Elastomer at Service Limit
0.7Hri = 0.34in Elastomeric Layer ThicknessThickness of AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.1

Top and Bottom Cover Layers (each)
(
Check12 := if Hrc  0.7Hri , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check12 = "OK"
(
Check13 := if hrt  2Δs , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check13 = "OK"
STABILITY: AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.6
TotalThickness of Bearing Shall Not Exceed the Least of:
Lpad W pad
= 5.000  in = 7.333  in
3 3
( )
H := hrt + Hs  n1 + 1 = 4.989  in Total Bearing Thickness
  Lpad W pad  
Check14 := if  min  ,   H , "OK" , "NO GOOD"  Check14 = "OK"
  3 3  
REINFORCEMENT (Steel Shim): AASHTO LRFD 14.7.6.3.7 & 14.7.5.3.5
( )
Minimum Thickness of
Check15 := if Hs  0.0625in , "OK" , "NO GOOD"
Steel Shim
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Check15 = "OK"
Min. Yield Strength of
Fy := 36ksi Hri = 0.48in σs = 0.518  ksi
Steel Shim
3.0Hri σs
hs_min_s := = 0.021  in AASHTO LRFD 14.7.5.3.5-1
Fy
Service Limit State

AASHTO LRFD Table
ΔFTH := 24ksi Constant Amplitude Fatigue Threshold
6.6.1.2.5-3
2.0Hri σL
hs_min_f :=
ΔFTH
σL = 0.233  ksi
hs_min_f = 0.009in
(
hs_min := max hs_min_s , hs_min_f = 0.021  in ) Required Min. Steel Shim Thickness
(
Check16 := if Hs  hs_min , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check16 = "OK"
Stainless Steel Mating Plate:
W SS := W pad + 2in W SS = 24.000in Stainless Steel Mating Surface Width
Stainless Steel Mating Surface Length

LSS1 := Lpad + 2Δ0 LSS1 = 21.596in
LSS := 22in
t SS := 0.1875in Stainless Steel Mating Surface Thickness
( )
Check Requirements for AASHTO LRFD
t SSmin := if W SS  12in , 0.0625in , 0.094in
Stainless Steel Mating 14.7.2.3.2
Thickness
t SSmin = 0.0940in
(
CheckSSmin := if tSS  t SSmin , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) CheckSSmin = "OK"
Sole Plate Design:
W s := bf + 25.25in W s = 42.500 in Width
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Ls := LSS + 2in Ls = 24.000in Length
Tsmin := 1.5in
Min. thickness, NSBAG9.1-1.4.3
Ts := Tsmin + 0.5Ls Grmax Ts = 1.620  in Thickness at C/L Bearing
ϕf := 1.00
 bf - W pad Ls - Lpad 
OHsp := max  ,  OHsp = 5.000  in Overhang of Sole Plate
 2 2 
(
3P T OHsp )2
t STsp := t STsp = 0.578  in
(ϕf fy) bf Ls
(
Checksp := if Tsmin  t STsp , "OK" , "NO GOOD" = "OK")
Checksp = "OK"
DESIGN SUMMARY:
Steel Reinforced Elastomeric Pad
W pad = 22in
Bearing Width, W
Lpad = 15  in
Bearing Length, L
Hri = 0.48in
Elastomeric Layer Thickness
n1 = 7
No. of Interior Elastomeric Layers
Hs = 0.1196 in
Steel Shim Thickness
n2 := n1 + 1 = 8
No. of steel Shims
Hrc = 0.336in
Thickness of Cover Layers
hrt = 4.032  in
Total Elastomer Thickness
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
H = 4.989  in Total Bearing Pad Thickness
PTFE Sliding Plate
PTFE Width
W PTFE = 21.000in
PTFE Length
LPTFE = 14.000 in
PTFE Thickness
Hp = 0.250in
Stainless Steel Base Plate

Base Plate Width
W sb := W pad W sb = 22.000in
Base Plate Length

Lsb := Lpad Lsb = 15.000in
Base Plate Thickness

Hsb := 0.75in
Stainless Steel Mating Plate
W SS = 24.000in Mating Plate Width
LSS = 22.000 in Mating Plate Length
t SS = 0.1875in Mating Plate Thickness
Sole Plate
Sole Plate Width
W s = 42.500 in
Sole Plate Length

Ls = 24.000 in
Sole Plate Thickness

Ts = 1.620  in
Total Vertical Load Service I
PT = 171.000kip
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Pot Bearing - Guided Expansion
· 5 continuous spans (160'-0", 200'-0", 200'-0", 200'-0", 160'-0") non-skewed

· 6 Continuou Steel Plate Girders
· Abutments and Piers 1 & 4 are expansion; Piers 2 & 3 are fixed
· This is a check of guided bearing at Pier 4 only (restrained transversely)
DESIGN INPUTS:
PDC := 328kip Dead Load, Unfactored
PDW := 24kip Wearing Surface Load, Unfactored
PDL := PDC + PDW PDL = 352.0kip Total Dead Load, Unfactored
PLLmax := 255kip PLLmin := -27kip Live Load Unfactored
f c := 4000psi Concrete Compressive Strength
Rb := 0.03rad Design Rotation
Lback := 200.0ft Back Span Length
Lfwd := 160.0ft Forward Span Length
SSdepth := 10.3ft Superstructure Depth
W bf := 24in Bottom Flange Width
Ngd := 6 No. of Girders
 Ngd 
Ndesign := floor   Ndesign = 3 No. of Bearings Carrying Horizontal Forces
 2  see Notes to Designer in BBD-0 thru 7
Ngd
k d := Ratio of Designed Horizontal Forces to
Ndesign k d = 2.00
Calculated forces for individual bearing
1
α := 0.0000065 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Superstructure
Δ°F
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
POT BEARING - GUIDED EXPANSION SHEET 1 of 14
BEARING GEOMETRY:
MA := 36in Masonry Plate Width
MB := 26in Masonry Plate Length
MC := 2.25in Masonry Plate Thickness
2
Amp := MA  MB Amp = 936.00 in Bearing Area of Masonry Plate
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
SB := 26in
Sole Plate Length
SCmin := 1.75in 0.75" but based on design, Min. Sole Plate Thickness
SB Thickness of Beveled Sole

SCbvl := SCmin + Grmax  SCbvl = 2.41in
2 Plate at CL Bearing
Use Sole Plate Thickness

SC := 2.5in
(
Check1 := if SC > SCmin , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check1 = "OK"
Db := 1.5in Anchor Bolt Diameter
Nb := 4 No. Anchor Bolts per Bearing
 2
 πDb  2
Ab := Nb    Ab = 7.069in TotalAnchor Bolt Area
 4 
Fub := 75ksi AASHTO M314 Grade 55 Tensile Strength of Anchor Rod
Ns := 1 No. Shear Planes
σmax := 3.5ksi Maximum Compressive Stress

AASHTO LRFD 14.7.4.4
of Elastomer at Service
σPTFEmax := 3.0ksi Maximum Contact Stress for
AASHTO LRFD Table 14.7.2.4-1
PTFE sliding surface
HORIZONTAL LOADS:
Vst3 := 115 mph (Strength III) Design 3-second AASHTO LRFD Table 3.8.1.1.2-1
Gust Wind Speed
Vst5 := 80 mph (Strength V)
Vsr1 := 70 mph (Service I)
Z := 33 ft Structure Height
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
2
  Z  
 2.5ln   + 6.87
  0.9834   Pressure Exposure and
KZ := AASHTO LRFD 3.8.1.2.1-2
345.6 Elevation Coefficient
KZ = 0.71 Wind Exposure Category B
G := 1.00 Gust Effect Factor AASHTO LRFD Table 3.8.1.2.1-1
CD := 1.3 Drag Coefficient AASHTO LRFD Table 3.8.1.2.1-2
PZst3 :=  2.5610 Vst3 KZ GCD ksf

-6 2
Strength III AASHTO LRFD 3.8.1.2.1-1
 
PZst3 = 0.031  ksf
PZst5 :=  2.5610  Vst5  KZ G CD ksf

-6 2
Strength V
 
PZst5 = 0.015  ksf
PZs1 :=  2.5610 V sr1 KZ GCD ksf

-6 2
Service I
 
PZs1 = 0.012  ksf
(
Ass := 0.5  Lfwd + 0.5  Lback  SSdepth) Ass = 1854 ft
2
Surface Area
Wind Load on Structure per Bearing Row
(
WSst3 := P Zst3 Ass ) WSst3 = 57.85  kip Strength III
(
WSst5 := P Zst5 Ass ) WSst5 = 28.00  kip Strength V
(
WSs1 := PZs1 Ass ) WSs1 = 21.43kip Service I
(
WL := 0.1klf 0.5  Lfwd + 0.5  Lback ) Wind on Live Load (Transverse) AASHTO LRFD
Table 3.8.1.3-1
WL = 18.00kip
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Earthquake Load: Assuming Site Class C AASHTO LRFD Table 3.10.3.1-1
Horizontal Response Spectral

S1 := 0.045 AASHTO LRFD Figure 3.10.2.1-3
Acceleration Coefficitent
Site Factor for Long-Period

Fv := 1.7 AASHTO LRFD Table 3.10.3.2-3
Range of Acceleration Spectrum
SD1 := Fv S1 SD1 = 0.08 AAHSTO LRFD 3.10.4.2-6
Seismic Zone --> Zone 1 Because SD1 < 0.15 AASHTO LRFD Table 3.10.6-1
PGA := 0.04 Peak Ground Acceleration Coefficient AASHTO LRFD Figure 3.10.2.1-1
AASHTO LRFD
Fpga := 1.2 Site Factor at Zero-Period Acceleration Spectrum
Table 3.10.3.2-1
AS := Fpga PGA AS = 0.048 AASHTO LRFD 3.10.4.2-2
( ) (
EQ := if A S < 0.05 , 0.15 PDL + 0.5PLLmax , 0.25 PDL + 0.5PLLmax 
  ) AASHTO LRFD
3.10.9.2
EQ = 71.92  kip Earthquake Design Force
DESIGN THERMAL MOVEMENT: AASHTO LRFD 3.12.2.3
Lexp := Lback Lexp = 200.00 ft Span Length Contributing to Expansion
Δt := αLexp 120Δ°F Δt = 1.87in Design Thermal Movement Range
Note: Due to the geometry of the bridge and the central location of Bearing 3 along the length of the
pier cap, thermal movement can be neglected in the transverse direction.
LOAD FACTORS:
γsDC := 1.0 Service I DC AASHTO LRFD TABLE 3.4.1-1
γsDW := 1.0 Service I DW
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
γsLL := 1.0 Service I LL
γs1WS := 1.0 Service I WS
γs1WL := 1.0 Service I WL
γs1BR := 1.0 Service I WL
γstDC := 1.25 γstDC_min := 0.9 Strength I DC
γstDW := 1.5 γstDW_min := 0.65

Strength I DW
γstLL := 1.75 Strength I LL
γst3WS := 1.0 Strength III WS
γst5WS := 1.0 Strength V WS
γst5WL := 1.0 Strength V WL
γeeDC := 1.0 Extreme Event I DC
γeeLL := 0.5 Extreme Event I LL
γeeEQ := 1.0 Extreme Event I EQ
FACTORED LOADS:
Service Limit State I
Vsrmin := γsDC  PDC + γsDW  PDW + γsLL  PLLmin Vsrmin = 325.00 kip
Min. Vertical Load
Vsrmax := γsDC  PDC + γsDW  P DW + γsLL  PLLmax Vsrmax = 607.00 kip Max. Vertical Load
Hsr1 := γs1WS  WS s1 + γs1WL WL Hsr1 = 39.43  kip Wind Transverse Load
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Strength Limit State I
Vstmax := γstDC PDC + γstDW PDW + γstLL P LLmax Strength I Vertical Load
Vstmax = 892.25 kip
Vstmin := γstDC_min  PDC + γstDW_min PDW + γstLL  P LLmin Vstmin = 263.55 kip
Strength Limit State III
Hst3 := γst3WS  WSst3 Hst3 = 57.85  kip

Wind Transverse Load
Strength Limit State V
Wind Transverse Load Hst5 := γst5WS  WSst5 + γst5WL WL Hst5 = 46.00  kip
Extreme Event Limit State I
Max Vertical Load Vee := γeeDC PDC + γsDW PDW + γeeLL P LLmax Vee = 479.50 kip
Min Vertical Load Vee_min := γeeDC  PDC + γsDW  PDW + γeeLL  P LLmin
Vee_min = 338.50 kip
Hee := γeeEQ EQ Hee = 71.92  kip EQ Horizontal Load
(
Hdesign := k d max Hst3 , Hst5 , Hee , 0.15Vsrmax ) Hdesign = 182.10 kip Horizontal Design Force
Design Thermal Movement Range
ΔT := γTU  Δt ΔT = 2.25in
Pot Bearing Design
Min Vertical Load Service Vsrmin = 325.00 kip AASHTO LRFD 14.7.4.1
Max Vertical Load Service Vsrmax = 607.0kip
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
(
Check2 := if Vsrmin > 0.2V srmax , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check2 = "OK"
Vstmax = 892.25 kip Max Vertical Load Strength
Vstmin = 263.6kip Min Vertical Load Strength
(
Check3 := if Vstmin > 0.2  Vstmax , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check3 = "OK"
Elastomeric Pad Design
Vsrmax
2
Apadr := Apadr = 173.4in Required Area of Elastomeric Pad
σmax
 Apadr 
Dpr :=  4  Dpr = 14.86  in Required Diameter of Elastomeric Pad
 π 
Dp := 15in Use Diameter of Elastomeric Pad
(
Check4 := if Dp > Dpr , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check4 = "OK"
2
Dp
2
Apad := π Apad = 176.71 in
4 Area of Elastomeric Pad
Minimum Depth of
hrmin := 3.33Dp  Rb hrmin = 1.50in AASHTO LRFD 14.7.4.3-1
Elastomeric Pad
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
hr := 1.5in
Use Depth of Elastomeric Pad
(
Check5 := if hr > hrmin , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check5 = "OK"
Vsrmax
σservice := σservice = 3.43ksi Elastomeric Pad Serivce Stress
Apad
(
Check6 := if σmax > σservice , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check6 = "OK"
Pot Design
 σservice 
t wmin1 := max  0.75in , Dp   Minimum Pot Wall AASHTO LRFD
= 0.82in
 1.25f y  Thickness 14.7.4.6-5 & 14.7.4.6-6
 
 25H  b  = 1.04in
R Minimum thickness to resist
t wmin2 := ee f  AASHTO LRFD 14.7.4.7-1
 cantilever bending of walls
 y
( )
t wmin := max t wmin1 , t wmin2 = 1.04in
t w := 1.25in
Use Pot WallThickess
(
Check7 := if tw > t wmin , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check7 = "OK"
Heigth from top of rim to underside of piston
Hee
hw_min1 := 1.5 hw_min1 = 0.14in AASHTO LRFD 14.7.4.7
Dp f y
hw_min2 := 0.125in
hw_min3 := 0.03Dp = 0.45in
(
hw := max hw_min1 , hw_min2 , hw_min3 = 0.45in )
θu := Rb AASHTO LRFD C14.7.4.3-1
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
hp1 := 0.5Dp θu + hr + hw hp1 = 2.17in The Pot Cavity Depth
The vertical clearance between top of piston and top of pot wall, hp2
δu := hr 0.35 = 0.53in Compression set limit from Section 408.03(a)7
hp2 := 0.5Dp θu + 2δu + 0.125in hp2 = 1.40in AASHTO LRFD C14.7.4.3-2
hp3 := hp1 - hr = 0.67in Depth from top elastomeric pad to top of pot wall
( )
AASHTO LRFD
t bmin1 := max 0.04Dp , 0.5in = 0.60in Minimum Pot Base Thickness
14.7.4.6-3 & 14.7.4.6-4
 25H  b  = 1.04in Minimum thickness to resist

R
t bmin2 := ee f  AASHTO LRFD 14.7.4.7-1
 cantilever bending of walls
 y
( )
t bmin := max t bmin1 , t bmin2 = 1.04in
t b := 1.50in Use Pot Base Thickness
(
Check8 := if tb > t bmin , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check8 = "OK"
Diamter of Pot Dpot := Dp + 2t w Dpot = 17.50  in
Piston Design
Minimum Piston AASHTO LRFD 14.7.4.7
t pistonmin1 := 0.06Dp
Thickness
t pistonmin1 = 0.90in
wPTFE := 2.0in Contact width of PTFE at piston top flange
2
APTFE := wPTFE SB APTFE = 52.00  in Contact area of PTFE at piston top flange
Hdesign
σcontact := σcontact = 3.50ksi PTFE Contact Stress
APTFE
( )
1.25 constant in
Checkp := if 1.25σPTFEmax > σcontact , "OK" , "NO GOOD"
AASHTO 14.7.9.5.2
Checkp = "OK"
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
t flange := wPTFE + 0.5in t flange = 2.50in Thickness of piston top flange
t pistonmin2 := hp3 + hp2 + t flange t pistonmin2 = 4.58in
(
t pistonmin := max t pistonmin1 , t pistonmin2 ) t pistonmin = 4.58in
Use Piston Thickness t piston := 4.75in
(
Check9 := if tpiston > t pistonmin , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check9 = "OK"
Total Bearing Height
t ptfe := 0.125in Thickness of PTFE, based on Standard BBD-7A
t stl := 0.094in 13-gage thickness from Section 408.03(a)5 Thickness of stainless steel
t ptfe
H := SC + t stl + + t piston + hr + t b + MC H = 12.66  in Total Height of Bearing
2
PLATES FOR LOAD DISTRIBUTION:
ϕf := 1.00
Sole Plate Design:
Sole plate width
( )
(6" is an assumption,
SA := max W bf + 1.0in , Dpot + 6.0in SA = 25.00  in
see BBD-7)
 ( SA - Dpot) (SB - Dpot) + 0.5Δ 

OHsp := max  , T OHsp = 5.37in Overhang of Sole Plate
 2 2 
t STsp :=
3V stmax OHsp ( )2 t STsp = 1.54in
(ϕf fy) SASB
(
Checksp := if SCmin  t STsp , "OK" , "NO GOOD" = "OK" )
Checksp = "OK"
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Masonry Plate Design
AASHTO LRFD 14.8.1 & 5.6.5
ϕ := 0.70 Resistance Factor AASHTO LRFD 5.5.4.2
m := 1.0 Confinement Modification Factor (conservative)
Provided Bearing AASHTO LRFD

Pr := ϕ0.85f c Amp m Pr = 2227.68kip
Resistance 5.6.5-1 & 5.6.5-2
(
Check10 := if P r > V stmax , "OK" , "NO GOOD" )
Check10 = "OK"
Mr := ϕf  f y
(MB MC2) Mr = 1096.88in·kip Provided Flexural Resistance
6
Strength I Loads
Must := 0in·kip Moment
Must
est := est = 0.00in Eccentricity
Vstmax
 stmax   1 + ( st)

V 6e
qmaxst := qmaxst = 0.953  ksi Bearing Pressure
 
 Amp   MA 
Extreme Event I Loads
(
Muee := kd Hee  hr + t b + MC ) Muee = 755.21 in·kip Moment by Seismic Force
Muee
eee := eee = 1.57in Eccentricity
V ee
 ee   1 + ( ee) 
V 6e
qmaxee := qmaxee = 0.647  ksi Bearing Pressure
 
 Amp   MA 
 ( MA - Dpot) 
2
 
 2 
(
Mu_m := max qmaxst , qmaxee MB ) 2
Design Moment for Masonry Plate
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Mu_m = 1060.32in·kip
(
Check11 := if Mr  Mu_m , "OK" , "Increase Plate Thickness" )
Check11 = "OK" Check Bending Moment against Capacity
ANCHORAGE: AASHTO LRFD 14.8.3
Rn := 0.50Ab  Fub Ns Nominal Shear Resistance of Anchor Rods AASHTO LRFD 6.13.2.12
Rn = 265.07 kip
ϕs := 0.75 Reduction Factor for Shear Capacity AASHTO LRFD 6.5.4.2
Rr := ϕs Rn Rr = 198.80 kip Shear Resistance of Anchor Rods AASHTO LRFD 6.13.2.2-2
(
Check12 := if Rr  Hdesign , "OK" , "NO GOOD" ) Check12 = "OK"
DESIGN SUMMARY:
Sole Plate:
Width
SA = 25.00  in
Length
SB = 26.00  in
Thickness
SC = 2.50in
Masonary Plate:
Width
MA = 36.00  in
MB = 26.00  in Length
Thickness
MC = 2.25in
Total Bearing Height:
H = 12.66  in
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020
Anchor Bolts:
Nb = 4 Db = 1.50in in diameter
Vertical Forces:
Stength Limt State I
Vst_max := Vstmax Vst_max = 892.25 kip
Vst_min := Vstmin Vst_min = 263.55 kip
Servcie Limit State I
Vsr_max := V srmax Vsr_max = 607.00 kip
Vsr_min := V srmin Vsr_min = 325.00 kip
Vee_max := Vee Vee_max = 479.50 kip
Vee_min = 338.50 kip
Horizontal Forces:
Stength Limt State III
Hst_trans := k d  Hst3 Hst_trans = 115.70 kip Transverse Load
Service Limt State I
Hsr_trans := k d  Hsr1 Hsr_trans = 78.87kip Transverse Load
Hee_trans := k d Hee Hee_trans = 143.85 kip EQ Transverse Load
Logitudinal Loads not applicable at Pier 4, enter zero in the bearing schedule.
BEARINGS PART 2
DATE: 30Oct2020

Chapter 13

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 13

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 13

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TABLE OF CONTENTS – BEARINGS

TABLE OF CONTENTS AND INTRODUCTION

13.TOC-1 Table of Contents – Chapter 13 ............................................................. 30Oct2020

13.01-1 General Information ............................................................................... 30Oct2020

STEEL LAMINATED ELASTOMERIC BEARING - FIXED

13.02-1 Sample Design Calculations .................................................................. 30Oct2020

STEEL LAMINATED ELASTOMERIC BEARING WITH PTFE

13.03-1 Sample Design Calculations .................................................................. 30Oct2020

* Indicates 11 x 17 sheet; all others are 8½ x 11

POT BEARING - GUIDED EXPANSION

13.04-1 Sample Design Calculations .................................................................. 30Oct2020

As set Expanded/Contracted As set Expanded/Contracted

Elastomeric bearings accommodate movement by distortion. Distortion of the elastomeric bearing

BEARING RESET AND REPLACEMENT:

Steel Reinforced Elastomreric Bearing - Fixed

GIVEN AND ASSUMPTIONS:

· 2 continuous spans (149' and 149') contributing to a total length of 298'

PDL := 416kip Dead Load, Unfactored

PLL := 303kip Live Load, Unfactored

SSdepth := 11.0ft Superstructure Depth

Grmax := 1.00% Maximum Grade %

LRFD LOAD FACTORS: AASHTO LRFD TABLE 3.4.1-1

γTU := 1.2 Temperature

γs1DL := 1.0 Service I DL

γs1LL := 1.0 Service I LL

γs1WS := 1.0 Service I WS

γs1WL := 1.0 Service I WL

γs1BR := 1.0 Service I BR

γstBR := 1.75 Strength I BR

γst3WS := 1.0 Strength III WS

γst5WS := 1.0 Strength V WS

γst5BR := 1.35 Strength V BR

γeeEQ := 1.0 Extreme Event I EQ

W pad := 24in Bearing Width, W

PT := γs1DL  P DL + γs1LL  PLL PT = 719.000kip Total Compressive Load at Service Limit 1

Lpad := 22in Lpad = 22.000in Bearing Length, L

Hri := 0.5in Elastomeric Layer Thickness

Hrc := 0.3in Thickness of Top and Bottom Cover Layers (each)

n1 := 7 No. of Interior Elastomeric Layers

Thickness of Top and

Hs := 0.1196in Steel Shim Thickness

Db := 1.75in Anchor Bolt Diameter

Nb := 2 No. Anchor Bolt per bearing

Ns := 1 No. Shear Planes

Lpad W pad Rectangular Shape AASHTO LRFD

Multiple Presence Factor

The braking force shall be taken as the

Truck := 0.25(32kip + 32kip + 8kip) mNL Truck = 46.800 kip

Tandem := 0.25(25kip + 25kip) mNL Tandem = 32.500 kip

BRtotal := max(Truck , Tandem , TruckLane , TandemLane) BRtotal = 46.800kip

Vst3 := 115 mph (Strength III) Design 3-second AASHTO LRFD

Vs1 := 70 mph (Service I)

KZ = 0.709 For Wind Exposure Category B

G := 1.00 Gust Effect Factor AASHTO LRFD Table 3.8.1.2.1-1

CD := 1.3 Drag Coefficient AASHTO LRFD Table 3.8.1.2.1-2

PZst3 :=  2.5610  Vst3  KZ G CD ksf

PZst3 = 0.031  ksf

PZst5 :=  2.5610 Vst5 KZ GCD ksf