THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA

SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS & STATISTICS
MAT 2100 – Analytic Geometry and Calculus

Tutorial Sheet 2

1. Find the equation of the tangent line and normal line to the curve with the indicated condi-
tions:

x2
(a) 9
− y 2 = 1 at x = 6
p √
(b) f (x) = 3 + x + x at x = 4
√

(c) y 2 (y 2 − 4) = x2 (x2 − 5) at the point 5, 0

2. Determine whether the functions below satisfy the hypotheses of the Rolle’s theorem on the
given interval. If they do, find all numbers c that satisfy the conclusion of the theorem.
√
(a) f (x) = 21 x − x on [0, 4]
(b) f (x) = |x| on [1, 2]
(c) h(x) = 22x+1 − 3.2x + 1 on [−1, 0]
(d) f (x) = 4x − tan πx on [− 41 , 14 ].

3. Decide whether the Mean Value Theorem applies to the given function on the given interval.
If it does, find all possible values of c.
√
(a) f (x) = 25 − x2 , [−5, 3]
(b) f (x) = x + x1 , [ 12 , 2]
1
(c) f (t) = , [0, 2].
t−1
4. For each of the given functions f and g, apply the Cauchy Generalized Mean Value theorem
to find the value(s) c inside the given interval.

(a) f (x) = x2 , g(x) = x3 , [1, 2]

(b) f (x) = cos x, g(x) = sin x, [0, π2 ]

5. Suppose that f is a differentiable function such that f 0 (x) ≤ −2 for all x ∈ [0, 4] and that
f (1) = 6.

(a) Prove that f (4) ≤ 0.

(b) Prove that f (4) ≥ 8.

6. Use differentials to approximate the following:

√ √ √
(a) 6
65 (b) 0.037 (c) 3.9 + (3.9)2 + 1

1
 7. The measurement of the side of a square floor tile is 60 centimetres, with a possible error of
1
100
centimetres. Use differentials to approximate the possible propagated error in computing
the area of the square.

8. Use the definition of the limit to show that:

 2 
2 2x + 5x − 3 3
(a) lim (x + 4x − 5) = 7 (b) lim 2
=
x→2 x→−1 x + 3x − 2 2
9. Evaluate the following limits:
"  12 #
ln sin2 x sin−1 x
   
  sin x x
(a) lim+ (b) lim+ (c) lim+ (ex − 1)sin x (d) lim
x→0 ln tan x x→0 sin2 (3x) x→0 x→0 x

10. Determine convergence or divergence of the following sequences with the given nth −term:

−2 n

n

1

ln(n3 )
(a) an = 3
(b) an = (−1)n n+1
(c) an = n sin n
(d) an = 2n

11. For each of the following series, find the sum if it converges:
∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
5(2n ) n+10 2
(sin 1)n
P P P P P
(a) 3n
(b) 10n+1
(c) (d) (n+2)(n+4)
(e) arctan n
n=1 n=1 n=1 n=1 n=1

12. Determine convergence or divergence of the following series:

∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
2+sin n arctan n nk−1 3n
P P P P
(a) n
(b) n2 +1
(c) nk +1
, k>2 (d) 2n −1
n=1 n=1 n=1 n=1
∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
P (−1)n n P (−1)n P n
P (−1)n+1 n!
(e) ln(n+1)
(f ) (2n+1)!
(g) (ln n)n
(h) 1.3.5...(2n+1)
n=1 n=0 n=2 n=1

13. Find the nth Maclaurin polynomial of the following functions:

1
(a) f (x) = sin x (b) f (x) = (1+2x)2
(c) f (x) = ln[(1 − x)(1 − 2x)]

14. Find the nth Taylor polynomial of the following functions at x0 = c:

1
(a) f (x) = (1−x)2
, c=2
π
(b) f (x) = cos x, c = 2

15. Find the radius and the interval of convergence (if possible) for the following power series:
∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
(4x)n (−1)n (2x−3)n (−1)n+1 (x−c)n
n!(x − a)n , a ∈ R
P P P P
(a) n2
(b) n(2n )
(c) n(cn )
, c ∈ R (d)
n=1 n=1 n=1 n=1

16. Find the curvature and the radius of curvature of the curves below at the indicated point:

(a) y = x2 + 2x, x = 0

(b) x = ln | cos y|, y = 2π

√
(c) y = 43 16 − x2 , x = 0

17. Sketch the circle of curvature for each of the following curves at the given point:

(a) y = 2x2 + 3, x = −1

(b) y = cos 2x, x = 2π

2
18. A curve is given by
π
y = ln | sec x|, 0 ≤ x < .
2
Find an intrinsic equation of the curve in the form s = g(ψ), where s is measured from the
point (0, 0) and ψ is the angle the tangent to the curve makes with the positive x−axis.

19. A curve is given by

1 3
y = (2x + 1) 2 , x ≥ 0.
3
Find an intrinsic equation of the curve in the form s = g(ψ), where s is measured from the
point (0, 13 ) and ψ is the angle the tangent to the curve makes with the positive x−axis.

20. The radius of curvature at a point on a curve C is given by

e2ψ + 1
ρ= ,
eψ
where ψ is the angle the tangent to C makes with the positive x−axis. If s is the length of
the arc measured from a fixed point and that s = π when ψ = 0, find an intrinsic equation
for C in the form s = f (ψ).

21. A curve is given by

π
y = ln | sin x|, ≤ x < π.
2
Find an intrinsic equation of the curve in the form s = g(ψ), where s is measured from the
point (0, 0) and ψ is the angle the tangent to the curve makes with the positive x−axis.

22. The intrinsic equation of a curve is given by s = tan ψ, where s is measured from the point
(0, 1) on the xy-plane and ψ is the angle the tangent to the curve makes with the positive
x−axis.

(a) Find curvature at ψ = π4 .

√
√ √

(b) Given that the centre of curvature is ln 1 + 2 − 2, 2 2 , find the equation of
the circle of curvature.