Basic Cyber Security

Basic Cyber Security
Cyber Crime
Money Making Threats
Dark Web
Networking Basics
Network Layer
Network Transport
Firewalls
Web Applications
Mapping & Port Scanning
Network Attacks
Web Application Attacks
WIFI Attacks
Penetration Testing
and
Social Engineering
Passwords
Security Operations
Incident Response
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CS HOMECS Cyber CrimeCS Money Making ThreatsCS Dark WebCS Networking BasicsCS
Network LayerCS Network TransportCS FirewallsCS Web ApplicationsCS Mapping &
Port ScanningCS Network AttacksCS Web Application AttacksCS WIFI AttacksCS Penetration
Testing &
Social EngineeringCS PasswordsCS Security OperationsCS Incident ResponseCS QuizCS Certificate
Cyber Security Cyber Crime

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Cyber Crime
What is Cyber Crime? Just like regular crime, it also exists on the Internet. Here are
some examples of Cyber Crime:
 Identity Theft
 Online Predators
 BEC ("Business Email Compromise")
 Ransomware
 Stealing of sensitive intellectual property
Increasing Crime
Cyber Crime has been increasing regularly every year. Why is Cyber Crime on the
rise? Here are some reasons:
 Cyber Crime is easy to accomplish

 Low risks of getting caught
 For little work there is often high returns
 Attackers can target thousands of victims
 Money laundering is easier with Cryptocurrencies
Challenges like identity theft can have significant consequences on an individual,

causing not only the potential of financial losses but also a lot of personal grief.
The Internet offers many services to facilitate money laundering, usually making it a
trivial process. As money is exchanged in cryptocurrency, services such as tumblers
make it hard to track the money.
Tumblers are services which split up cryptocurrency transactions and forward the
money through many accounts, with different values, for thousands of people,
making them hard to track.
Cyber Criminals
Who are Cyber Criminals? It can be anyone, but let us discuss some common ones
we see in the media all the time:
 State-sponsored groups targeting organizations in

other countries
 Hacking Groups out to target companies to make
them pay ransom
 Kids in their rooms doing illegal hacking
Note: Cryptocurrency is money represented in digital form instead of physical. There

are many different Cryptocurrencies, some very widespread like Bitcoin, and others
smaller and unknown to most people. These currency models relies on strong
cryptography and public ledger systems to keep track of transactions and how much
currency is on the market.
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Catching Cyber Criminals

Cyber Criminals can stay anonymous with trivial means, and typically easy to avoid
getting caught. When attackers do get caught, it is often because of mistakes made
by the attackers themselves, for example as a result of becoming complacent. There
is also a great deal of potential for law-enforcement to use caught cyber criminals to
rat out others in the industry.
Law enforcement do, however, have many challenges in tracking down cyber-crime.
You might see attack traffic coming in from a system residing in UK, and when
taking down this system, you realize it was being remotely controlled by e.g.
another system in India. Cooperating with law-enforcements across borders, you
might be able to get to the system in India, but only to realize it was again remotely
controlled through e.g. Pakistan.
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Cyber Security
CS HOMECS Cyber CrimeCS Money Making ThreatsCS Dark Web
Networking
CS Networking BasicsCS Network LayerCS Network TransportCS FirewallsCS Web Applications
Cyber Attacks
CS Mapping &
Port ScanningCS Network AttacksCS Web Application AttacksCS WIFI AttacksCS Penetration
Testing &
Social EngineeringCS Passwords
Cyber Defence
CS Security OperationsCS Incident Response
CS QuizCS Certificate
Cyber Security Money Making

Threats
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Driven by Money
There are a few key threats organizations face frequently:
 Ransomware files and systems are encrypted with

attackers keys and they demand you to pay
money to get your data back.
 Cryptocurrency miners; your systems are infected
with a low-profile cryptocurrency mining tool. This
tool uses the CPU to try make money on a
cryptocurrency for the attackers.
 BEC ("Business Email Compromise"). Users get
hacked through all sorts of methods and their
emails are compromised. Via email compromise
the attackers can intercept communications, for
example an invoice, and try to redirect payments
to other banks and accounts.
There are plenty of ways of making money for cyber criminals, which attracts people
and interest.
Value and Power

There is value and power in many things related to IT, for example:
 Bandwidth can be used to pressure businesses by

targeting them with DDOS ("Distributed Denial of
Service") attacks.
 Hacked systems may have sensitive information
worth money, for example business proprietary
information, online gaming assets, sensitive
photographs and pictures.
 Attackers can install themselves in browsers and
try to hijack the online banking use.
The potential for criminals to make significant amounts of money within the cyber
domain causes more and more criminal gangs and other opportunists to join in on
the action and make our lives much harder.
Threatening for Money
Another common attack cyber criminals perform to make money is the act of
extortion, that is holding individuals hostage based on information they have on a
individual, trying to make them pay money to be released from the extortion
attempt. Consider the following common scenario:
 A person meets up with someone online, the other

party is actually a scam artists trying to trick the
victim.
 They engage in interesting conversations and
seem to make an immediate deep bond between
one another.
 They might even engage in video conversations,
but the scam artists is for example using recorded
video or simply has an excuse for not being able
to activate their microphone or web-camera.
 One thing might lead to another and the
relationship could turn sexual. The scam artist
tries to convince the victim in giving up personal
pictures and recordings of themselves, likely in
compromising situations.
 Once the scam artist receives this material,
perhaps even returning fake pictures of innocent
people in similar situations, the extortion begins.
 The scam artist can now threaten to release the
compromising material to family members, co-
workers and others, offering to delete the material
if a sum of money is paid into the scam artists
account.
Stories like these are far from uncommon, and there exists countless of different
scenarios and opportunities for criminals to benefit from victims using the Internet
without knowing the risks associated.

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Money Making Threats

Mapping & Port Scanning

Web Application Attacks

Cyber Security Cyber Crime

 Cyber Crime is easy to accomplish

Challenges like identity theft can have significant consequences on an individual,

 State-sponsored groups targeting organizations in

Note: Cryptocurrency is money represented in digital form instead of physical. There

Catching Cyber Criminals

Cyber Security Money Making

 Ransomware files and systems are encrypted with

Value and Power

 Bandwidth can be used to pressure businesses by

 A person meets up with someone online, the other

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