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    Coal and Petroleum

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    shanthanusharvakanth

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    Coal and Petroleum

    Uploaded by

    shanthanusharvakanth
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    3 views2 pages

    Coal and Petroleum

    Uploaded by

    shanthanusharvakanth

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    COAL AND PETROLEUM

    I. ANSWER IN BRIEF
    1. What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels?
    The advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels are:
    They burn with a smokeless flame and so does not cause any pollution.
    They leave no ash on burning.
    They are easy to handle and convenient to store.
    2. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.
    Fossil fuels take millions of years to be formed. They are limited in nature and cannot be replenished easily,
    once consumed. Hence, they are considered as exhaustible natural resources.
    3. What are the byproducts of crude oil?
    Residue, fuel oil, lubricating oil, diesel, kerosene, naptha, petroleum, petroleum gas
    4. What are natural resources?
    Material obtained from nature are called natural resources.
    5. Classify the following as exhaustible and inexhaustible natural resources- air, sunlight, water, forests,
    wildlife, coal
    Exhaustible resources – forests, wildlife, coal
    Inexhaustible resources – air, sunlight, water.
    6.Define destructive distillation. Name the residue formed by destructive distillation of coal.
    Destructive distillation is the process of heating a substance in absence of air. Coke is formed by destructive
    distillation of coal.
    7. What is meant by fractional distillation ? What is the principle on which it is based ?
    Petroleum is mixture of various hydrocarbons having different boiling points. As the number of carbon atoms
    increase, the boiling point also increases. This property is used to separate the different components of
    petroleum and is known as fractional distillation.
    8. Name some places in India where natural gas has been found?
    In India natural gas is found in Tripura, Jaisalmer and in the offshore of Mumbai and in Krishna Godavari delta.
    II ANSWER IN DETAIL
    1.Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called?
    Millions of years ago, trees, plants, ferns and forests got buried below the rocks, soil and sand due to natural
    processes like flooding, earthquake, etc. Slowly, as more soil deposited over them, they were compressed. This
    led to the conditions of high pressure and heat. These conditions along with the anaerobic conditions turned
    the carbon-enriched organic matter of wood into coal.
    This slow process of conversion of wood into coal is called carbonisation.
    2. Describe the characteristics and uses of coke.
    Characteristics of coke: Coke is 98% pure carbon. It is a tough, porous and black substance. It pro-duces a very
    little smoke.
    Uses of coke: Coke is very useful as fuel. It is a good reducing agent. It is widely used in metallurgical processes
    to reduce metals from their oxides. It is used for producing water gas.
    3. Explain the process of the formation of petroleum
    Petroleum is formed by the burial of aquatic plants and animals below the sea bed. The marine animals and
    plants died thousands of years ago and settled down in the bottom of sea. In anaerobic conditions,
    microorganisms decompose this organic matter. Due to high pressure and heat, the dead remains of tiny plants
    and animals were slowly converted into petroleum.
    4. The following table shows the total power shortage in India from 2004-2010. Show the data in the
    form of a graph. Piet shortage percentage for the years on the y-axis and the year on the x-axis.

    5. a)What is CNG ? Give its one use.


    b)From which natural substance are liquid fuels formed ?
    c)Which gas is the main constituent of LPG ?
    d)How was petroleum formed in nature ?
    e)Why do green leaves not catch fire easily ?
    CNG — Compressed Natural Gas. It is used as a fuel.
    All liquid fuels are formed from petroleum.
    Butane is the main constituent of LPG.
    Petroleum was formed by the sedimentation of dead remains of microscopic marine plants and animals, which
    were buried under the surface of the earth, millions of years ago.
    Green leaves do not catch fire easily because they contain moisture.

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