U2-L4Research Statement For Quantitative Research

Unit 2: Developing a Research Problem
Lesson 4
Writing a Research Statement for Quantitative
Research
Why is it
necessary to
formulate good
research
questions?
2
● Identify the problem statements and
research questions.
● Determine the characteristics of good
research questions.
● Demonstrate the process of
constructing the statement of the
problem.
33
You were given the
opportunity to interview the
President of the Philippines
about any problem of the
country today.
44
1. What kind of problem will you ask?
2. What are the specific questions that you will ask to
target this problem?
55
Statement of the Problem
A statement of the problem is an integrative but brief

discussion of the research problem, its context, and
the questions of the study.
6
Statement of the Problem
It is written as part of the introduction and provides a

concise overview of the topic in relation to the
research questions.
7
Research Questions
A research question identifies the specific aspects of

the topic that the current study seeks to investigate and
may vary depending on the extent of their focus.
88
A statement of the problem usually begins with
introducing your general problem statement followed
by the specific research questions that aim to address
the research problem.
9
Categories of Research Questions
Descriptive research questions

● Descriptive research question are used to describe
certain patterns and focus on single and
noncomplex variables.
● It may also be used to quantify or categorize
variables in the study.
10
10
Examples
● How frequent is the production of essential oils for

herbal medicines?
● What criteria are considered by customers in

choosing a store?
11
11
Comparative research questions are mainly used for

comparing and contrasting similarities and differences
between groups and variables.
12
12
Examples
● What is the difference between the quality of natural

and synthetic ink?
● How do Gen Z and millennials differ in terms of

dating attitudes?
13
13
Evaluative research questions

● Evaluative research questions are formed to assess a
particular observation or phenomenon based on an
established model or theory.
● They are usually observed in organizations,
workplace, programs, and effectivity of projects.
14
14
Examples
● How satisfied are you with the implementation of

the K-12 curriculum?
● Did the art therapy program work for the patients

with post-traumatic stress disorder?
15
15
Explanatory research questions are formed to

explain, predict change or outcomes on observed
relationships between variables, and determine how
one variable may have an effect on another.
16
16
Examples
● How does nurse intervention affect a patient’s

presurgery stress level?
● How does employment tenure contribute to

productivity of workers?
17
17
How are research questions related to the research
problem?
18
Characteristics of Good Research Questions
Relevant
All research questions must be relevant to the research
problem.
Specific
It must not be too broad or too detailed.
ENGAG EXPLOR EVALUA
EXPLAIN EXTEND 19
Clear
Research questions should use simple language to be
comprehensible.
Analytical
It does not simply ask “yes or no” questions but needs
complex analysis.
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EXPLAIN EXTEND 20
Measurable
The measurability of research questions indicate their
feasibility and is measured through standardized tests or
experiments.
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EXPLAIN EXTEND 21
The following guidelines
may be observed in creating
Writing the Research a well-structured research
Statement statement.
22
22
Writing the Research Statement
1. Finalize the research topic.
This will allow you to draft a coherent statement of the

problem and give you guided starting point and
inquiry.
23
23
Example
Topic: Effects of Facebook photo “likes” on the

self-esteem of teenagers
Independent variable
Facebook photo ‘likes’
Dependent variable
Self-esteem of teenagers
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24
2. Draft the research questions.
Based on the finalized research topics, the draft of the

research questions will reflect the aspects that the
research is focused on.
25
25
Examples
Explanatory
How do Facebook photo ‘likes’ affect the self-esteem
of female adolescents?
Descriptive
What are the factors that affect the number of
Facebook photo ‘likes’?
26
26
3. Write the general problem statement.

● The general problem statement establishes the
overall goal and direction of the research.
● It should contain the research topic, the main
objective of the study, and the variables.
27
27
Example
This study aims to find out the effect of Facebook

photo ‘likes’ on the level of self-esteem of female
senior high school students in XYZ School.
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28
4. Refine the statement of the problem.
● A refined statement of the problem includes the

research questions and the potential benefits of the
current study.
● The research questions should be written in
declarative sentences.
29
29
Keep the statement of the problem short and simple.
Make sure that the statement of the problem reflects
the research problem, research questions, and the
aims of the study.
30
Practice
Provide one example per type of research question.

● Descriptive
● Comparative
● Evaluative
● Explanatory
31
Quick Check
It is the type of research question that looks into the

similarities and differences between groups or
variables.
32
Quick Check
It is the part of the research study where the

statement of the problem is commonly located.
33
33
Quick Check
It is the characteristic of good research questions that

avoids being too broad or being too detailed.
34
34
The statement of the problem provides context
to the research problem. It is usually included in
the introductory part of a research study.
35
The research questions are the basis of the
statement of the problem. There are four main
categories of research questions, namely:
descriptive, comparative, evaluative, and
explanatory research questions.
36
Quantitative research questions must be relevant,
specific, clear, analytical, and measurable.
37
38

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Unit 2: Developing a Research Problem

A statement of the problem is an integrative but brief

It is written as part of the introduction and provides a

A research question identifies the specific aspects of

Descriptive research questions

● How frequent is the production of essential oils for

● What criteria are considered by customers in

Comparative research questions are mainly used for

● What is the difference between the quality of natural

● How do Gen Z and millennials differ in terms of

Evaluative research questions

● How satisfied are you with the implementation of

● Did the art therapy program work for the patients

Explanatory research questions are formed to

● How does nurse intervention affect a patient’s

● How does employment tenure contribute to

ENGAG EXPLOR EVALUA

1. Finalize the research topic.

This will allow you to draft a coherent statement of the

Topic: Effects of Facebook photo “likes” on the

2. Draft the research questions.

Based on the finalized research topics, the draft of the

3. Write the general problem statement.

This study aims to find out the effect of Facebook

4. Refine the statement of the problem.

● A refined statement of the problem includes the

Provide one example per type of research question.

It is the type of research question that looks into the

It is the part of the research study where the

It is the characteristic of good research questions that

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