6

STORY TIME

Read and listen to part 1 of the story Action for animals.

1 2 Let’s look at some photos from the refuge.

At school, the class has a special guest.
Does anyone know what this animal is?

Wow! Do you solve

wildlife crimes?!

I work at a wildlife
Hi! I’m Mr Greenleaf, refuge. I help keep This is a hedgehog. It’s amazing
a wildlife detective. wild animals safe. how many spikes it has!

3 Actually, the spikes 4 5

protect them from How do you help Often, hedgehogs are hit
predators. hedgehogs at your by lorries and cars. So,
wildlife refuge? we treat their injuries.

6 7
We have reptiles,
too. Look at this What other animals do You have to be very careful when
poisonous viper! you have at the refuge? you feed these snakes, don’t you?

8
… This Imperial eagle fell out 9
of its nest when the tree was Can we visit you at
cut down and broke its leg. the wildlife refuge?
Of course!
Oh, how sad! Do you
think it will be OK?

Yes, we’re taking care of it. Soon What animal protection plan can
we’ll take it back to the forest. we design to protect wild animals
in our area? Any ideas, class?
 PROJECT LAUNCH 7

ACTION
FOR
ANIMALS

DRIVING QUESTION
r
Start using you
Zoe’s gang wants to get involved in protecting wildlife al to
Project Journ
in their area. roject.
complete the p

What animal protection plan can we

design to protect wild animals in our area?

NEED-TO-KNOW QUESTIONS

Find the answers to the Need-to-know questions throughout the units.

What types of How do these

animals are there animals interact with
in your local area? their environment?

What do these How do these animals

animals eat? reproduce and grow?
8 UNIT 1

LIVING
ORGANISMS
STORY TIME

Read and listen to part 2 of the story Action for animals.

1 2
The children walk home through the park. It looks like it
Oh no! It’s a broke its wing.
I wonder if the wild baby bird and
animals living in the park Wait! What’s it looks hurt!
also need protection. that sound?

Should we try and put

Let’s go and see! it back in its nest?

3 4
I don’t think it’s a good That’s a good idea, Yes, she´ll know what
idea to move it. Matt! Thank you! we need to do.

… but we can’t leave Hm, wait here! I’ll go

it here! It isn’t safe! and tell Ms Brooks.

ABOUT THE STORY

Read and think.

1 Why do you think Zoe tells her friends not to move the bird?
2 What does Matt suggest they do?
3 What is the first thing you do in an emergency situation?
 FROM CELL TO ORGANISM 9
FIV E KIN GD OM S
SONG
Five kingdoms! Five kingdoms,
 1  Listen and sing the Five kingdoms song. like animals and plants.
.
Some grow in soil, some play with toys
They live in water and ear th!

CHORUS
Yes, every livi ng thing needs
nut rition to grow!
All livi ng things reproduce;
some have babies – so cute!
rs!
They all interact, have superpowe
Run, jump and move!

Five kingdoms! Five kingdoms!

Monera are everywhere!
Protists live in or near water
while fungi like the dark!

2  Listen to the song again. Say which vital functions

the photos best represent.

a b c d e

DISCUSS WHAT WE KNOW

Use the Think-Pair-Share thinking routine to answer these questions about the unit.

What is the difference

between living things Why are cells
and non-living things? important?

How many kingdoms are

there? Can you name them?
What are the three main vital
functions of living things?
10 UNIT 1

Differences between living

and non-living things

Living things are born, grow, reproduce and die. They perform
three vital functions: nutrition, reproduction and interaction.

living and non-living things

living things non-living things

animals plants natural artificial

1 Listen to the descriptions and name the vital functions.

2  Look at the picture on page 11 and describe to your
partner a living thing. Ask them to guess.

It eats ...; It can ...; It has ... .

 LIVING ORGANISMS 11

What are the vital functions of living things?

Interaction
• Animals interact
with the
environment and
other living things.
• Plants cannot move
around. They react
to stimuli, such as
sunlight.

Nutrition Reproduction
• All living things need food to grow • All living things reproduce. They make
and for energy. new living things.
• Animals feed on other living things. • Some animals give birth to babies, and
• Plants use sunlight to make their others lay eggs.
own food. • Plants reproduce through seeds or spores.

3  Look at the picture above. Take turns with your partner

to describe the different scenes. Then, name the vital
functions each scene represents.

At the bottom / On the left / In the centre (of the picture),

there is (a) ...; It is (playing with) ...; There are (two people);
They are (eating) ... .
12 UNIT 1

From a cell to an organism

What is a cell?
A cell is the smallest living unit that makes up a living thing or
an organism.

How are unicellular and multicellular

organisms different?
Unicellular organisms only have one cell. The single cell
carries out all of its three vital functions. Algae and bacteria
are unicellular organisms.

We need a microscope to see Algae cells under a microscope A population of bacteria

individual cells. on a petri dish

Multicellular organisms have many cells. Each cell has

a different function. Plants, animals and people are
multicellular organisms.

1  Think of examples of multicellular Let’s choose (animals). Is it my turn? /

organisms and play Word Chain with Am I next? / It’s your turn. / You’re next. /
your partner. Try it again.
 LIVING ORGANISMS 13

How are animal and plant cells different?

Animal cells and plant cells have some significant differences.
Animal cells can have rectangular, oval or irregular shapes,
but all plant cells have a regular shape.

Plant cell Animal cell

1
5 1

4 2
3
3

1 Cell wall makes the plant rigid. The animal cell does not have a cell wall
2 Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll: or chloroplasts.
they make plants green. 1 Cell membrane controls substances
3 Cell membrane controls substances entering and leaving the cell.
entering and leaving the cell. 2 Nucleus controls cell functions.
4 Nucleus controls cell functions. 3 Small vacuoles contain water.
5 Large vacuoles contain water.

2  Listen to two pupils talking. What feature of plant

cells does the girl talk about?
3  Describe the different parts of a plant or an animal
cell to your partner. Ask them to guess.

This controls ...; This makes (the plant) ...;

These contain ... .
14 UNIT 1

How are cells organised?

In multicellular organisms, the cells work together to form a living thing.
Animals and plants have five levels of organisation.

Plants Animals

A cell is the smallest

living unit.

When cells perform the

same function, they
group together and form
tissue.

Tissues group together

and form an organ.

Organs work together

and form organ systems.

When all the systems

work together, they form
a complete living
organism.
 LIVING ORGANISMS 15

What are the five kingdoms?

We classify all living things into five groups called kingdoms:

plants, animals, fungi, protists and monera.

Plants are Animals are multicellular. Fungi can be

multicellular. They They feed on other living multicellular or unicellular.
make their own food. things. They respond to They take nutrients from dead
They reproduce through stimuli. Animals lay eggs plants and animals. Fungi
seeds or spores. or give birth to babies. cannot move around. They
reproduce through spores.

Monera divide
Monera are into two cells
unicellular. They can to reproduce.
live on land, in the air, in
water and inside other living
things. Some feed on dead
plants and animals.

Protists are usually

unicellular. Most
live in or near water.
Some divide
into two cells
to reproduce.

1  Listen and name two facts about fungi. 3  Describe a kingdom to your partner.
Say two true sentences and one false
2  Ask your partner to identify one
sentence. Ask your partner to identify
difference between fungi and plants.
the false one.
16 UNIT 1

LANGUAGE CORNER

Time to listen
1 Look at the pictures and listen to the story about a family
going to the mountains.

2 Now, complete the information in your notebook.

a going to the mountains by: ..... e going for a: .....

b the girl feels: ..... f buying: ..... and .....
c name of mountains: ..... Mountains g reusable bottle for: .....
d size of mountains: ..... h weather in the mountains: .....
 LIVING ORGANISMS 17

science workshop
DISCOVERING THE FUNGUS KINGDOM
In this workshop, you are going to find out if yeast is Materials:
a living thing. • 2 jugs of warm water

Observe • spoon
Look at the photos. Think about why we use yeast • sugar
to make bread.
• 2 small blocks of
a b fresh yeast
• 2 small plastic
water bottles
• 2 balloons

Ask a question • 2 elastic bands

Do you think yeast is a living thing? Discuss with your partner. • funnel

Create your hypothesis

Yeast is / is not a living thing because ... .

Test

1 Stir the sugar in warm 2 Use a funnel to help you 3 Secure a balloon over the
water and add the yeast. pour the mixture into the neck of the bottle with an
bottle. elastic band. Leave it for
15 to 20 minutes.
4 Repeat the experiment, but without any sugar.

Make conclusions
PUBLIC SPEAKING
a What happened to the balloons?
Be clear about your objective.
b What vital function do you think produced the Do you want to inform or convince?
gas carbon dioxide?
18 UNIT 1

unit activities
Differences between living and non-living things

1 In your notebook, write nutrition, reproduction or

interaction to label the photos.

a b c

d e f

2 Copy and complete the table in your notebook. Classify the

words in the box.

reproduce   need food to grow   make their own food

cannot move   eat plants and animals   react to stimuli

plants animals both

..... ..... .....

From a cell to an organism

3 Complete the sentences in your notebook. Use the words

in the box.

algae bat multicellular cactus unicellular bacteria

a ..... organisms, such as a ..... or a ....., have many cells.

b ..... organisms, such as ..... or ....., have just one cell.
 LIVING ORGANISMS 19

4 Listen and decide if the sentences are true or false.

Correct the false ones in your notebook.
a Only animal cells have a nucleus.
b The nucleus is similar to the cell’s heart.
c The nucleus controls functions like a cell’s reproduction.
d It acts as the control centre of the cell.

5 In your notebook, label the pictures. Use the words in the box.

organ tissue organism system cell

a b c

d e

What are the five kingdoms?

6  Listen to a science quiz. In your notebook,

write the name of the kingdom.

7 Correct these sentences in your notebook.

a Animals make their own food.
b Monera can only live in water.
c Protists reproduce with spores.
d Fungi move around and feed on dead animals.

8 Use the Colour-Symbol-Image thinking routine to represent

the following ideas.

What colour best What symbol best What image best

represents ‘fungus’? represents ‘protist’? represents ‘plant’?
..... ..... .....
20 UNIT 1

visual summary

TIPS + TRICKS
• We can draw letters in many shapes
and sizes.
• These examples will help you get
some ideas.
• Look at the size and colour, and how
thick the letters are. Use these styles
to design your own lettering for
your projects.
 LIVING ORGANISMS 21

unit review
1 Look at the photos. In your notebook, write 3 In your notebook, write four sentences to
the name of the kingdom. describe how cells work together to form
an organism. Use the words in activity 2
a d to help you.

4 Search online for information about an

organism of the fungi kingdom. Make a
fact file with the following information:

b e • name of organism
• unicellular or multicellular organism
• what it feeds on
• how it reproduces

5 Match the sentence halves in your

c f notebook.
a Protists are usually...
b Non-living things can be ...
c Some monera feed ...
d Plants cells ...
2 In your notebook, write the words in
1 ... on dead plants and animals.
the box from the smallest unit
to the largest. 2 ... natural or artificial.
3 ... unicellular organisms.
tissue organ cell organism system
4 ... all have regular shapes.

VISUAL CHALLENGE

You can also customise the lettering to match your project theme.
Look at the example.

Write the name of one of the five kingdoms using your own themed
letters in your notebook.