Units and Measurements

DPP-01
[Topic: Problems based on Derivation of Dimensional Formulae]

1. Deduce dimensional formulae for (i) angle (ii) angular velocity (iii) angular acceleration (iv)
torque (v) angular momentum and (vi) moment of inertia.

[Ans. (i) Dimensionless (ii) T-1 (iii) T-2 (iv) ML2T -2

(v) ML2T -1
(vi)
2
ML ]

2. Obtain dimensions of (i) impulse (ii) power (iii) surface energy (iv) coefficient of viscosity
(v) bulk modulus (vi) force constant.

[Ans. (i) MLT-1 (ii) ML2T-3 (iii) ML0T-2 (iv) ML-1 T-1] (v) ML-1 T-2 (vi) ML0T-2]

3. By the use of dimensions, show that energy per unit volume is equal to the pressure.

4. Show that angular momentum has the same physical units as the Planck's constant h
which is given by the relation E = hv.

5. If force (F), length (L) and time (T) are chosen as the fundamental quantities, then what
would be the dimensional formula for density? (Ans. FL-4 T2)

6. Calculate the dimensions of force and impulse taking velocity, density and frequency as
basic quantities. (Ans. ρu4v2, ρ u4v-
3
)

7. Find the dimensions of linear momentum and surface tension in terms of velocity v,
density p and frequency v as fundamental quantities.'

(Ans ρu4 v-3, ρ u3v-

1
)

8. In the expression P = El2 m-5 G-2; E, m, I and G denote energy, mass angular momentum
and gravitational constant, respectively. Show that P is a dimensionless quantity.
 Units and Measurements
DPP-02
[Topic: Problems based on Conversion of Units from one System to another]

1. Convert one dyne into newton.

(Ans. 10-5
newton)

2. If the value of universal gravitational constant in SI is 6.6 × 10-11 Nm2kg-2, then find its
value in CGS system.

(Ans. 6.6 × 10-8 dyne cm2g-

2
)

3. The density of mercury is 13.6 g cm’3 in CGS system. Find its value in SI units.

(Ans. 13.6 × 103kg m-

3
)

4. The surface tension of water is 72 dyne cm-1. Express it in SI units. (Ans. 0.072 Nm-1)

5. An electric bulb has a power of 500 W. Express it in CGS units. (Ans. 5 × 109 erg s-
1
)

6. If the value of atmospheric pressure is 106 dyne cm-2, find its value in SI units.

(Ans. 105 Nm-2)

7. In SI units, the value of Stefan's constant is σ = 5.67 × 10-8 Js-1 m-2 K-4. Find its value in
CGS system. (Ans. 5.67 × 10-5erg s-1cm-2K-
4
)

8. Find the value of 100 J on a system which has 20 cm, 250 g and half minute as
fundamental units of length, mass and time. (Ans. 9 × 106
new units)

9. If the units of force, energy and velocity are 20 N, 200 J and 5 ms-1, find the units of
length, mass and time. (Ans. 10 m, 8
kg, 2 s)

10. When 1 m, 1 kg and 1 min are taken as the fundamental units, the magnitude of the
force is 36 units. What will be the value of this force in CGS system?

(Ans. 103 dyne)

 Units and Measurements
DPP-05
[Topic: Problems based on significant figures]

1. State the number of significant figures in the following measurements:

(i) 0.009 m2

(ii) 5.049 Nm-2

(iii) 0.1890 g cm-3

(iv) 1.90 × 1011 kg

(v) 0.020800 m

(vi) 5.308 J.

[Ans. (i) 1 (ii) 4 (iii) 4 (iv) 3 (v) 5 (vi)

4]

2. Subtract 2.5 × 104 from 3.9 × 105 with due regard to significant figures.

(Ans. 3.7 ×
5
10 )

3. Round off the following numbers as indicated:

(i) 15.654 upto 3 digits

(ii) 15.75 upto 3 digits

(iii) 15.654 upto 4 digits

(iv) 15.65 upto 3 digits

(v) 142667 upto 5 digits

(vi) 5.996 × 105 upto 3 digits,

(vii) 0.7995 upto 1 digit

(viii) 2.5946 × 10-4 upto 2 digits.

[Ans. (i) 15.7 (ii) 15.8 (iii) 15.65 (iv) 15.6 (v) 142670 (vi) 6.00 × 105 (vii) 0.8 (viii) 2.6 × 10-
4
]

4. A jeweller puts a diamond in a box weighing 1.2 kg.

Find the total weight of the box and diamond with due regard to significant figures, if the
weight of diamond is 5.42 g. (Ans.
1.2 kg)

5. The diameter of a circle is 1.06 m. Calculate the area to an appropriate number of

significant figures. Take π = 3.14. (Ans.
0.882 m2)

6. The radius of a solid sphere is measured as 11.24 cm.

What is the surface area of the sphere to appropriate significant figures?

(Ans. 1588 cm2)

7. The mass of a body is 275.32 g and its volume is 36.41 cm3. Express its density upto
appropriate significant figures. (Ans. 7.562 gem -3)

8. 9.74 g of a substance occupies 1.2 cm3. Express its density by keeping the significant
figures in view.

(Ans. 8.1 gcm-3)

 Units and Measurements
DPP-03
[Topic: Problems based on Dimensional Correctness of Physical Relations]

1. Test the dimensional consistency of the following equations:

(i) v = u + at
1
(ii) s = ut + at2
2

(iii) v 2 − n2 = 2as
(Ans. All relations are dimensionally correct)

2. The viscous force ‘F’ acting on a small sphere of radius ‘r’ moving with velocity v through a
liquid is given by F = 6πηrv. Calculate the dimensions of η, the coefficient of viscosity.
(Ans. ML−1 T −1 )
3. The distance covered by a particle in time t is given by x = a + bt + ct 2 + dt 3 ; find the
dimensions of a, b, c and d. (Ans. L, LT −1 , LT −2 ,
−3
LT )
Kη
4. The critical velocity of the flow of a liquid through a pipe of radius r is given by vc = ,
rρ
where ρ is the density and η is the coefficient of viscosity of the liquid. Check if this relation is
dimensionally correct. (Ans. Correct)
5. The rate of flow (V) of a liquid flowing through a pipe of radius r and a pressure gradient
π Pr4
(P/l) is given by Poiseuille’s equation: V =
8 ηl

Check the dimensional consistency of this equation. (Ans. Correct)

6. Test if the following equation is dimensionally correct:
2 S cos θ
h=
rρg
where h =height, S =surface tension, ρ = density, r = radius, and g = acceleration due to
gravity.
(Ans. Correct)
πp(a2 −x2 )
7. Find the dimensions of the quantity v in the equation, v = , where a is the radius
2ηl
and l is the length of the tube in which the fluid of coefficient of viscosity η is flowing, x is the
distance from the axis of the tube and p is the pressure difference.
(Ans. LT-1)
ml3
8. Find the dimensions of the quantity q from the expression: T = 2π� , where T is the
3Yq
time period of a bar of length l, mass m and young’s modulus Y. (Ans. L4 )
9. An artificial satellite of mass m is revolvingg in a circular orbit around a planet of M and
radius R. If the radius of the orbit of the satellite be r, justify by the method of dimensions
2π r3
that the time period of the satellite is given by: T = � .
R g

b−x2
10. Find the dimensions of (a × b) in the equation: E = ; where E is energy, x is distance
at
and t is time. (Ans. M −1 L2 T)
11. Find the dimensions of (a/b) in the equȧ tion:
a − 𝑡2
P=
bx
where P is pressure, x is distance and t is time. (Ans. MT-2)
12. Time period of an oscillating drop of radius r, density p and surface tension S is:

ρr 3
T = K�
S

Check the correctness of the relation. [Himachal 04]

(Ans. Correct)
13. Out of formulae (i) y = nsin2πt/T and (ii) y = asin vt for the displacement y of particle
undergoing a certain periodic motion, find out the wrong formula on dimensional grounds.
(where, a = maximum displacement of the particle, v = speed of the particle, T = time period
of motion).
 Motion in a Straight Line
DPP-02
[Instantaneous Velocity and Instantaneous Acceleration]

1. The displacement x of a particle at time t along a straight line is given by x = α – βt + γ t2.

Find the acceleration of the particle.
(Ans. 2γ)
2. The displacement x of a particle is dependent on time t according to the relation:
x = 3 – 5t + 2t2. If t is measured in seconds and x in metres, find its (i) velocity at t = 2s and
(ii) acceleration at t = 4s.
[Ans. (i) 3ms-1 (ii) 4ms-2]
3. The displacement x of a particle along X-axis is given by x = 3 + 8t + 7t2. Obtain its
velocity and acceleration at t = 2s.
(Ans. 36 ms-1, 14 ms-2)
4. The distance traversed by a particle moving along a straight line is given by x = 180t + 50t2
metre. Find:
(i) the initial velocity of the particle
(ii) the velocity at the end of 4s and
(iii) the acceleration of the particle.
[Ans. (i) 180 ms-1 (ii) 580 ms-1 (iii) 100 ms-2]
 Units and Measurements
DPP-04

[Topic: Problems based on Deriving Relationship between Physical Quantities]

1. The wavelength λ associated with a moving electron depends on its mass m, its velocity v
λ
and Planck's constant h. Prove dimensionally that λ ∝ .
mv

2. Obtain an expression for the centripetal force F acting on a particle of mass m moving
with velocity yin a circle of radius r. Take dimensionless constant K = 1
mv 2
�Ans. F = �
r
3. The orbital velocity v of a satellite may depend on its mass m, the distance r from the
centre of the earth and acceleration due to gravity g. Obtain an expression for its orbital
velocity.

(Ans. v = K�rg)

4. A small spherical ball of radius r falls with velocity v through a liquid having coefficient of
viscosity η. Find the viscous drag F on the ball assuming it depends on η, r and v. Take K =
6π.
(Ans. F =
6πηrv)
5. The velocity of a freely falling body is a function of the distance fallen through (h) and
acceleration due to gravity g. Show by the method of dimensions that v = K �gh.
6. Using the method of dimensions, derive an expression for the energy of a body executing
SHM; assuming this energy depends upon its mass m, frequency v and amplitude of
vibration r.
(Ans. E= Kmv2 r2)
7. A body of mass m hung at one end of the spring executes SHM. Prove that the relation T
= 2πm / k is incorrect, where k is the force constant of the spring. Also derive the correct
relation.

(Ans. T = K �m ⁄ k )
8. Assuming that the critical velocity y. of a viscous liquid flowing through a capillary tube
depends only upon the radius r of the tube, density ρ and the coefficient of viscosity η of the
kη
liquid, find the expression for critical velocity. �Ans. vc = �
rρ

9. By the method of dimensions, obtain an expression for the surface tension S of a liquid
rising in a capillary tube. Assume that the surface tension depends upon (i) mass m of the
liquid (ii) pressure p of the liquid and (iii) radius r of the capillary tube. Take K = 1/2
(Ans. S = pr /
 2)
10. The depth x to which a bullet penetrates a human body depends upon (i) coefficient of
E 1⁄3
elasticity η and (ii) kinetic energy E k . By the method of dimensions, show that: x ∝ � k � .
η

11. A U-tube of uniform cross-section contains mercury upto a height h in either limb. The
mercury in one limb is depressed a little and then released. Obtain an expression for the
h
time period of oscillation assuming that T depends on h, ρ and g. �Ans. T = K� �
g

12. The critical angular velocity ω c of a cylinder inside another cylinder containing a liquid at
which its turbulence occurs depends on viscosity η, density ρ and the distance d between
the walls of the cylinder. Find an expression for ω c .
Kη
�Ans. ωc = �
ρd2
13. A body of mass m is moving in a circle of radius r with angular velocity ω. Find
expression for centripetal force acting on it by the method of dimensions.
(Ans. F = Kmrω2)
14. Consider a simple pendulum. The period of oscillation of the simple pendulum depends
on its length (l) and acceleration due to gravity 'g'. Derive the expression for its period of
oscillation by the method of dimensions.

(Ans. T = K �l ⁄ g )
 Units and Measurements
DPP-06
[Topic: Problems based on Order of Magnitude]

1. Write the order of magnitude of the following:

(i) 8
(ii) 49
(iii) 52
(iv) 999
(v) 1001
(vi) 753000
(vii) 0.05
(viii) 0.99.
(Ans. 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 6, - 2,
0)
2. What is one astronomical unit? Express it in metres. Write its order of magnitude.
(Ans. Order of magnitude =
11)
3. What is the order of magnitude of seconds in a day?
(Ans. 5)
 Motion in a Straight Line
DPP-04
[Motion under Gravity]

1. A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 4.9 ms-1. Calculate

(i) the maximum height reached
(ii) the time taken to reach the maximum height
(iii) the velocity with which it returns to the ground and
(iv) the time taken to reach the ground.
[Ans. (i) 1.225 m (ii) 0.5 s (iii) 4.9 ms-1 (iv) 1 s]
2. A stone thrown upwards from the top of a tower 85 m high, reaches the ground in 5 s. Find
(i) the greatest height above the ground
(ii) the velocity with which it reaches the ground and
(iii) the time taken to reach the maximum height. Take g = 10 ms-2.
[Ans (i) 88.2 m (ii) 42 ms-1 (iii) 0.8 s]
3. From the top of a multi-storeyed building, 39.2 m tall, a boy projects a stone vertically
upwards with an initial velocity of 9.8 ms-1 such that it finally drops to the ground,
(i) When will the stone reach the ground?
(ii) When will it pass through the point of projection?
(iii) What will be its velocity before striking the ground? Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 4s, 2s, 29.4 ms-1)
4. A rocket is fired vertically from the ground with a resultant vertical acceleration of 10 ms-2.
The fuel is finished in 1 minute and it continues to move up. What is the maximum height
reached?
(Ans. 36.4 km)
-1
5. A balloon is ascending at the rate of 14 ms at a height of 98 m above the ground when the
food packet is dropped from the balloon. After how much time and with what velocity does it
reach the ground? Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 6.12s, 45.98 ms-1)
6. A stone is dropped from a balloon rising upwards with a velocity of 16 ms-1. The stone
reaches the ground in 4 s. Calculate the height of the balloon when the stone was dropped.
(Ans. 14.4 m)
7. From.the top of a tower 100 m in height a ball is dropped and at the same time another ball
is projected vertically upwards from the ground with velocity of 25 ms-1. Find when and
where the two balls will meet. Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 78.4 from top, 4 s)
8. A body is dropped from rest at a height of 150 m, and simultaneously, another body is
dropped from rest from a point 100 m above the ground. What is their difference in height
after they have fallen (i) 2 s (ii) 3s? How does the difference in height vary with time? Take g
= 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 50 m, difference in height remains constant at 50 m)
9. A body falling freely under gravity passes two points 30 m apart in Is. Find from what
point above the upper point it began to fall? Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ams. 32.1 m)
10. Four balls are dropped from the top of a tower at intervals of one-one second. The first
ball reaches the ground after 4 s of dropping. What are the distances between first and
second, second and third, third and fourth balls at this instant?
(Ans. 34.3 m, 24.5 m, 14.7 m)
 Motion in a Straight Line
DPP-03
[Motion with Uniform Acceleration]

1. A race car accelerates on a straight road from rest to a speed of 180 kmh-1 in 25 s.
Assuming uniform acceleration of the car throughout, find the distance covered in this time.
[Delhi 02]
(Ans. 625 m)
-1
2. A bullet travelling with a velocity of 16 ms penetrates a tree trunk and comes to rest in 0.4
m. Find the time taken during the retardation.
(Ans. 0.05 s)
3. A car moving along a straight highway with a speed of 72 kmh-1 is brought to a stop within
a distance of 100 m. What is the retardation of the car and how long does it take for the car to
stop?
(Ans. 2 ms-2, 10s)
4. On turning a comer a car driver driving at 36 kmh-1, finds a child on the road 55 m ahead.
He immediately applies brakes, so as to stop within 5 m of the child. Calculate the retardation
produced and the time taken by the car to stop.
(Ans. 1 ms-2, 10s)
5. The reaction time for an automobile driver is 0.6 s. If the automobile can be decelerated at
5 ms-2, calculate the total distance travelled in coming to stop from an initial velocity of 30
kmh-1, after a signal is observed.
(Ans. 11.94 m)
6. A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly for 10 s to a velocity of 8 ms-1. It then runs
at a constant velocity and is finally brought to rest in 64 m with a constant retardation. The
total distance covered by the car is 584 m. Find the value of acceleration, retardation and total
time taken.
(Ans. 0.8 ms-2, 0.5 ms-2, 86 s)
7. Two trains -one travelling at 72 kmh -1 and other at 90 kmh-1 are heading towards one
another along a straight level track. When they are 1.0 km apart, both the drivers
simultaneously see the other's train and apply brakes which retard each train at the rate of 1.0
ms-2. Determine whether the trains would collide or not.
(Ans. No)
-2
8. A burglar's car had a start with an acceleration of 2 ms . A police vigilant party came after
5 seconds and continued to chase the burglar's car with a uniform velocity of 20 ms-1. Find
the time in which the police van overtakes the burglar's car.
(Ans. 5 s)
9. A ball rolls down an inclined track 2 m long in 4 s. Find (i) acceleration (ii) time taken to
cover the second metre of the track and (iii) speed of the ball at the bottom of the track.
[Ans. (i) 0.25 ms-2 (ii) 1.17 s (iii) 1 ms-1]
10. A bus starts from rest with a constant acceleration of 5 ms-2. At the same time a car
travelling with a constant velocity of 50 ms-1 overtakes and passes the bus. (i) Find at what
distance will the bus overtake the car? (ii) How fast will the bus be travelling then?
[Ans. (i) 1000 m (ii) 100 ms-1]
11. A body starting from rest accelerates uniformly at the rate of 10 cms-2 and retards
uniformly at the rate of 20 cms-2. Find the least time in which it can complete the journey of 5
km if the maximum velocity attained by the body is 72 kmh-1.
(Ans. 400 s)
12. A body covers a distance of 20 m in the 7th second and 24 m in the 9th second. How
much shall it cover in 15th s?
(Ans. 36 m)
13. A body covers a distance of 4 m is 3rd second and 12 m in 5th second. If the motion is
uniformly accelerated, how far will it travel in the next 3 seconds?
(Ans. 60 m)
14. An object is moving with uniform acceleration. Its velocity after 5 seconds is 25 ms-1 and
after 8 seconds, it is 34 ms-1. Find the distance travelled by the object in 12th second.
(Ans. 44.5 m)
 Motion in a Straight Line
DPP-06
[Relative Velocity]

1. A jet airplane travelling at the speed of 450 kmh-1 ejects the burnt gases at the speed of
1200 kmh-1 relative to the jet airplane. Find the speed of the burnt gases w.r.t. a stationary
observer on earth.
(Ans. 750 kmh-1)
2. Two cars A and B are moving with velocities of 60 kmh-1 and 45 kmh-1 respectively.
Calculate the relative velocity of A w.r.t. B, if (i) Both cars are travelling eastwards and
(ii) car A is travelling eastwards and car B is travelling westwards.
[Ans. (i) 15 kmh-1 eastwards (ii) 105 km h-1 eastwards]
3. An open car is moving on a road with a speed of 100 kmh-1. A man sitting in the car fires
a bullet from the gun in the opposite direction. If the speed of the bullet is 250 kmh-1
relative to the car, then find its (bullet's) speed with respect to an observer on the ground.
(Ans. 150 kmh-1)
4. A car A is moving with a speed of 60 kmh-1 and car B is moving with a speed of 75 kmh-
1
, along parallel straight paths, starting from the same point. What is the position of car A
w.r.t. B after 20 minutes?
(Ans. 5 km behind)
5. Two buses start simultaneously towards each other from towns A and B which are 480
km apart. The first bus takes 8 hours to travel from A to B while the second bus takes 12
hours to travel from B to A. Determine when and where the buses will meet.
(Ans. 4.8 h, 288 km from A)
6. Two trains A and B, each of length 100 m, are running on parallel tracks. One overtakes
the other in 20 s and one crosses the other in 10 s. Calculate the velocities of each train.
(Ans. 15 ms-1, 5 ms-1)
7. A man swims in a river with and against water at the rate of 15 kmh-1 and 5 kmh-1. Find
the man's speed in still water and the speed of the river.
(Ans. 10 kmh-1, 5 kmh-1)
8. A motor boat covers the distance between the two spots on the river in 8 h and 12 h
downstream and upstream respectively. Find the time required by the boat to cover this
distance in still water.
(Ans. 9.6 h)
9. A car A is travelling on a straight level road with a speed of 60 kmh-1. It is followed by
another car B which is moving with a speed of 70 kmh-1. When the distance between
them is 2.5 km, the car B is given a deceleration of 20 kmh-1. After what distance and
time will the car B catch up with car A?
(Ans. 32.5 km, 0.5 h)
 Motion in a Straight Line
DPP-01
[Distance Covered, Displacement, Average Speed and Average Velocity]

1. A cyclist moving on a circular track of radius 100 m completes one revolution in 4

minutes. What is his (i) average speed (ii) average velocity in one full revolution?
[Ans. (i) 50 π metre/minute (ii) 0]
2. A body travels the first half of the total distance with velocity v 1 and the second half with
velocity v 2 . Calculate the average velocity.
2v1 v2
�Ans. �
v1 + v2
3. A car covers the first half of the distance between two places at a speed of 40 kmh-1 and
the second half at 60 kmh-1. What is the average speed of the car?
(Ans. 48 kmh-1)
4. A train moves with a speed of 30 kmh-1 in the first 15 minutes, with another speed of 40
kmh-1 the next 15 minutes, and then with a speed of 60 kmh-1 in the last 30 minutes. Calculate
the average speed of the train for this journey.
(Ans 47.5 kmh-1)
5. A body travels a distance s 1 with velocity v 1 and distance s 2 with velocity v 2 in the same
direction. Calculate the average velocity of the body.
(s1 + s2 )v1 v2
�Ans. �
s1 v2 + s2 v1
6. A car travels along a straight line for the first half time with speed 50 kmh-1 and the second
half time with speed 60 kmh-1. Find the average speed of the car.
(Ans. 55 kmh-1)
 Motion in a Straight Line
DPP-05
[Position-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs]

1. Figure shows the position-time graphs of three cars A, B and C. On the basis of the
graphs, answer the following questions:
(i) Which car has the highest speed and which the lowest?
(ii) Are the three cars ever at the same point on the road?
(iii)When A passes C, where is B?

(iv) How far did car A travel between the time it passed cars B and C?
(v) What is the relative velocity of car C with respect to car A?
(vi) What is the relative velocity of car B with respect to car C?
[Ans. (i) C has the highest speed and A has the lowest speed (ii) No (in) 6 km from the origin
(iv) 3 km iii) 7 kmh-1 (vi) - 2 kmh-1]
2. An insect crawling up a wall crawls 5 cm upwards in the first minute but then slides 3 cm
downwards in the next minute. It again crawls up 5 cm upwards in the third minute but
again slides 3 cm downwards in the fourth minute. How long will the insect take to reach
a crevice in the wall at a height of 24 cm from its starting point? How does the position-
time graph of the insect look like?
(Ans. 21 min)
3. A driver of a car travelling at 52 km h-1 applies the brakes and decelerates uniformly. The
car stops in 5 seconds. Another driver going at 34 kmh-1 applies his brakes slower and
stops after 10 seconds. On the same graph paper, plot the speed versus time graph for two
cars. Which of the two cars travelled farther after the brakes were applied?
(Ans. Second car travelled farther)
4. A motor car, starting from rest, moves with uniform acceleration and attains a velocity of
8 ms-1 in 8 s. It then moves with uniform velocity and finally brought to rest in 32 m
under uniform retardation. The total distance covered by the car is 464 m. Find iii the
acceleration (ii) the retardation and (III) the total time taken.
[Ans. (i) 1 ms- 2 (ii) 1 ms- 2 (iii) 66 s]
5. Starting from rest a car accelerates uniformly with 3 ms-2 for 5 s and then moves with
uniform velocity. Draw the distance-time graph of the motion of the car upto t = 7s.
6. The velocity-time graph of an object moving along a straight line is as shown in Fig. Find
the net distance covered by the object in time interval between t = 0 to t = 10 s. Also find
the displacement in time 0 to 10 s.
(Ans. 100 m, 60 m)

7. As soon as a car just starts from rest in a certain direction, a scooter moving with a
uniform speed overtakes the car. Their velocity-time graphs are shown in Fig. Calculate
iii the difference between the distances travelled by the car and the scooter in 15 s (ii) the
time when the car will catch up the scooter and (iii) the distance of car and scooter from
the starting point at that instant.

[(Ans. (i) 112.5 m (ii) 22.5 s (iii) 675 m]

8. The velocity-time graph of an object moving along a straight line is as shown below:

Calculate the distance covered by object between: (i) t=0 to t=5s (ii) t = 0tof = 10s.
[Ans. (i) 80 m (ii) 130 m]
 Motion in a Plane
DPP-02
Projectile Fired at an Angle with the Horizontal

1. A football player kicks a ball at an angle of 37° to the horizontal with an initial speed of
15 ms-1. Assuming that the ball travels in a vertical plane, calculate (i) the time at which
the ball reaches the highest point (ii) the maximum height reached (iii) the horizontal
range of the projectile and (iv) the time for which the ball is in air.
[Ans. (i) 0.92 s (ii) 4.16 m (iii) 21.2 m (iv) 1.84 s]
2. A body is projected with a velocity of 20 ms-1 in a direction making an angle of 60° with
the horizontal. Calculate its (i) position after 0.5 s and (ii) velocity after 0.5 s.
[Ans. (i) x = 5 m, y = 7.43 m (ii) 15.95 ms-1, β = 51.16°]
3. The maximum vertical height of a projectile is 10 m. If the magnitude of the initial
velocity is 28 ms-1, what is the direction of the initial velocity? Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 30°)
-1
4. A bullet fired from a gun with a velocity of 140 ms strikes the ground at the same level
as the gun at a distance of 1 km. Find the angle of inclination with the horizontal at which
the bullet is fired. Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 15°)
5. A bullet is fired at an angle of 15° with the horizontal and hits the ground 6 km away. Is it
possible to hit a target 10 km away by adjusting the angle of projection assuming the
initial speed to be the same?
(Ans. Yes)
6. A cricketer can throw a ball to maximum horizontal distance of 160 m. Calculate the
maximum vertical height to which he can throw the ball. Given g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 80 m)
-1
7. A football is kicked 20 ms at a projection angle of 45°. A receiver on the goal line 25
metres away in the direction of the kick runs the same instant to meet the ball. What must
be his speed, if he is to catch the ball before it hits the ground?
(Ans. 5.483 ms-1)
8. A bullet fired at an angle of 60° with the vertical hits the ground at a distance of 2 km.
Calculate the distance at which the bullet will hit the ground when fired at an angle of
45°, assuming the speed to be the same.
(Ans. 2.31 km)
9. A person observes a bird on a tree 39.6 m high and at a distance of 59.2 m. With what
velocity the person should throw an arrow at an angle of 45° so that it may hit the bird?
(Ans. 41.86 ms-1)
10. A ball is thrown from the top of a tower with an initial velocity of 10 ms-1 at an angle of
30° with the horizontal. If it hits the ground at a distance of 17.3 m from the base of the
tower, calculate the height of the tower. Given g = 10 ms-2.
 (Ans. 10 m)
11. Prove that the time of flight T and the horizontal range R of a projectile are connected by
the equation: gT2 = 2R tan 0, where θ is the angle of projection.
12. Show that the range of a projectile for two angles of projection α and β is same, where α +
β = 90°.
13. A body is projected with velocity of 40 ms-1. After 2 s it crosses a vertical pole of height
20.4 m. Calculate the angle of projection and horizontal range.
(Ans. 30°, 141.39 m)
14. From the top of a tower 156.8 m high, a projectile is thrown up with velocity of 39.2 ms-1
making an angle of 30° with the horizontal direction. Find the distance from the foot of
the tower where it strikes the ground and the time taken by it to do so.
(Ans. 271.6 m, 8 s)
15. As shown in Fig., a body is projected with velocity u 1 from the point A. At the same time

another body is projected vertically upwards with the velocity u 2 from the point B.
What should be the value of u 1 / u 2 for both the bodies to collide?
(Ans. 2 / √3)
16. A body is projected such that its kinetic energy at the top is 3/4th of its initial kinetic
energy. What is the initial angle of projection of the projectile with the horizontal?
(Ans. 30°)
17. A projectile is projected in the upward direction making an angle of 60° with the
horizontal direction with a velocity of 147 ms-1. After what time will its inclination with
the horizontal be 45°?
(Ans. 5.49 s)
 Motion in a Plane
DPP-01
Projectile Fired Horizontally

1. A plane is flying horizontally at a height of 1000 m with a velocity of 100 ms-1 when a
bomb is released from it. Find (i) the time taken by it to reach the ground (ii) the velocity
with which the bomb hits the target and (iii) the distance of the target.
[Ans. (i) 14.28 s (ii) 172.1 ms-1, β = 54°28' (iii) 1428.5 m]
2. From the top of a building 19.6 m high, a ball is projected horizontally. After how long
does it strike the ground? If the line joining the point of projection to the point where it
hits the ground makes an angle of 45° with the horizontal, what is the initial velocity of
the ball?
(Ans. 2 s, 9.8 ms-1)
3. A body is thrown horizontally from the top of a tower and strikes the ground after two
seconds at angle of 45° with the horizontal. Find the height of the tower and the speed
with which the body was thrown. Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 19.6 m, 19.6 ms-1)
4. Two tall buildings are situated 200 m apart. With what speed must a ball be thrown
horizontally from the window 540 m above the ground in one building, so that it will
enter a window 50 m above the ground in the other?
(Ans. 20 ms-1)
5. A stone is dropped from the window of a bus moving at 60 kmh-1. If the window is 1.96
m high, find the distance along the track, which the stone moves before striking the
ground.
(Ans. 10.54 m)
6. An aeroplane is flying in a horizontal direction with a velocity of 600 kmh-1 and at a
height of 1960 m. When it is vertically above a point A on the ground, a body is dropped
from it* The body strikes the ground at a point B. Calculate the distance AB.
(Ans. 3333.3 m)
7. A mailbag is to be dropped into a post office from an aeroplane flying horizontally with a
velocity of 270 kmh-1 at a height of 176.4 m above the ground. How far must the
aeroplane be from the post office at the time of dropping the bag so that it directly falls
into the post office?
(Ans. 450 m)
8. In between two hills of heights 100 m and 92 m respectively, there is a valley of breadth
16 m. If a vehicle jumps from the first hill to the second, what must be its minimum
horizontal velocity so that it may not fall into the valley? Take g = 9 ms-2.
(Ans. 12 ms-1)
9. A ball is projected horizontally from a tower with a velocity of 4 ms-1. Find the velocity
of the ball after 0.7s. Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 8.06 ms-1, 60°15')
 Motion in a Plane
DPP-04
Relative Velocity of Two Inclined Motions

1. A train is moving with a velocity of 30 km h-1 due east and a car is moving with a velocity
of 40 km h-1 due north. What is the velocity of car as appears to a passenger in the train?
(Ans. 50 km h-1, 36°52' west of north)
2. Rain is falling vertically with a speed of 35 ms-1. A woman rides a bicycle with a speed of
12 ms-1 in east to west direction. What is the direction in which she should hold her
umbrella?
(Ans. At an angle of 19° with the vertical towards the west)
3. To a person moving eastwards with a velocity of 4.8 km h-1, rain appears to fall vertically
downwards with a speed of 6.4 kmh-1. Find the actual speed and direction of the rain.
(Ans. 8 kmh-1, 53°7'33" with the horizontal)
4. A ship is streaming towards east with a speed of 12 ms-1. A woman runs across the deck
at a speed of 5 ms-1 in the direction at right angles to the direction of motion of the ship
i.e., towards north. What is the velocity of the woman relative to the sea?
(Ans. 13 ms-1, 22°37' north of east)
5. A plane is travelling eastward at a speed of 500 km h-1. But a 90 km h-1 wind is blowing
southward. What is the direction and speed of the plane relative to the ground?
(Ans. 10.2° south of east, 508 km h-1)
6. A reckless drunk is playing with a gun in an airplane that is going directly east at 500 km
h-1. The drunk shoots the gun straight up at the ceiling of the plane. The bullet leaves the
gun at a speed of 1000 km h-1. Relative to an observer on earth, what angle does the bullet
make with the vertical?
(Ans. 26.6°)
 Motion in a Plane
DPP-03
Uniform Circular Motion

1. What is the angular velocity of a second hand and minute hand of a clock?
(Ans. 0.1047 rad s-1 0.0017 rad s-1)
2. A body of mass 0.4 kg is whirled in a horizontal circle of radius 2 m with a constant speed
of 10 ms-1. Calculate its (i) angular speed (ii) frequency of revolution (iii) time period and
(iv) centripetal acceleration.
[Ans. (i) 5 rad s-1 (ii) 0.8 Hz (iii) 1.25 s (iv) 50 ms-2]
3. A circular wheel of 0.50 m radius is moving with a speed of 10 ms-1. Find the angular
speed.
(Ans. 20 rads-1)
4. Assuming that the moon completes one revolution in a circular orbit around the earth in
27.3 days, calculate the acceleration of the moon towards the earth. The radius of the
circular orbit can be taken as 3.85 × 105 km.
(Ans. 2.73 × 10-3 ms-2)
5. The angular velocity of a particle moving along a circle of radius 50 cm is increased in 5
minutes from 100 revolutions per minute to 400 revolutions per minute. Find (i) angular
acceleration and (ii) linear acceleration.
π 5π
� Ans. (i) rads −2 (ii) cms−2 �
30 3
6. Calculate the linear acceleration of a particle moving in a circle of radius 0.4 m at the
instant when its angular velocity is 2 rad s-1 and its angular acceleration is 5 rad s-2.
(Ans. 2.6 ms-2, 38°40' with a T )
7. A threaded rod with 12 turns per cm and diameter 1.18 cm is mounted horizontally. A bar
with a threaded hole to match the rod is screwed onto the rod. The bar spins at the rate of
216 rpm. How long will it take for the bar to move 1.50 cm along the rod?
(Ans. 5 s)
 Work, Energy and Power
DPP-03
Topic: Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem

1. The momentum of a body of mass 5 kg is 500 kg ms−1 . Find its K.E.

(Ans. 2.5 × 104 J)
2. A bullet of mass 20 g is found to pass two points 30 m apart in a time interval of 4 s. Calculate the
kinetic energy of the bullet if it moves with constant speed.
(Ans. 0.5625 J)
3. A body of mass 2 kg is resting on a rough horizontal surface. A force of 20 N is now applied to it
for 10 s, parallel to the surface. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the surfaces in contact is
0.2, calculate: (a) Work done by the applied force in 10 s (b) Change in kinetic energy of the object in
10 s.
Take g = 10ms −2 .
(Ans. 8000 J, 6400 J)
4. An electron and a proton are detected in a cosmic ray experiment, the electron with K.E. of 5 keV
and the proton with K.E. of 50 keV. Find the ratio of their speeds. Given me = 9.11 × 10−31 kg and
mp = 167 × 10−27 kg
ve
�Ans. = 13.54�
vp

5. A neutron of mass 1.67 × 10−27 kg is moving with a speed of 7 × 105 ms −1 Calculate (i) its kinetic
energy and (ii) the average force it will exert in entering a body to a depth of 0.01 cm.
[Ans. (i) 40.915 × 10−17 J (ii) 40.915 × 10−13 N
6. A body of mass 1 kg is allowed to fall freely under gravity. Find the momentum and kinetic energy
of the body 5 seconds after it starts falling. Take g = 10ms−2 .
(Ans. 50 kg ms −1 , 1250 J)
7. Two bodies of masses 1 g and 16 g are moving with equal kinetic energies. Find the ratio of the
magnitudes of their linear momenta.
(Ans. 1 : 4)
8. If the momentum of a body is increased by 50%, then what will be the percentage increase in the
kinetic energy of the body?
(Ans. 125%)
9. The kinetic energy of a body decreases by 19% What is the percentage decrease in its linear
momentum?
(Ans. 10%)
10. A running man has half the kinetic energy that a boy of half his mass has. The man speeds up by
1.0 ms−1 and then has the same energy as the boy.
What were the original speeds of the man and the boy?
(Ans. 2.414 ms −1 , 4.828 ms −1 )
11. While catching a cricket ball of mass 200 g moving with a velocity of 20 ms −1 , the player draws
his hands backwards through 20 cm. Find the work done in catching the ball and the average force
exerted by the ball on the hand.
(Ans. 40 J, 200 𝑁)
 Work, Energy and Power
DPP-04
Topic: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

1. A stone of mass 0.4 kg is thrown vertically up with a speed of 9.8 ms-1. Find the potential and
kinetic energies after half second.
(Ans. 14.386 J, 4.802 J)
2. A ball is thrown vertically up with a velocity of 20 ms-1. At what height, will its K.E. be half its
original value?
(Ans. 10.20 m)
3. 230 joules were spent in lifting a 10 kg weight to a height of 2 m. Calculate the acceleration with
which it was raised. Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 1.5 ms-2)
4. Calculate the work done in lifting a 300 N weight to a height of 10 m with an acceleration 0.5 ms-
2
. Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 3150 J)
5. A bullet of mass 10 g travels horizontally with speed of 100 ms-1 and is absorbed by a wooden
block of mass 990 g suspended by a string. Find the vertical height through which the block rises.
Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 5 cm)
6. A simple pendulum of length 1 m has a wooden bob of mass 1 kg. It is struck by a bullet of mass
10-2 kg moving with a speed of 2 × 102 ms-1. The bullet gets embedded into the bob. Obtain the
height to which the bob rises before swinging back.
Take g = 10 ms 2
(Ans. 0.2 m)
7. A 3.0 kg block, as shown in Fig. 6.25, has a speed of 2 ms-1 at A and 6 ms-1 at B. If the distance
from A to B along the curve is 12 m, how large a frictional force acts on it? Assuming the same
friction, how far from B will it stop?
(Ans. 3.35 N, 24.5 m)
 Work, Energy and Power
DPP-06
Work Done by Constant Force

1. A vehicle of mass 30 quintals moving with a speed of 18 km h−1 collides with another vehicle of
mass 90 quintals moving with a speed of 14.4 km h−1 in the opposite direction. What will be the
velocity of each after the collision?
(Ans. 30.6 km h−1 , 1.8 km h−1 )
2. In a one dimensional elastic collision, a body of mass 2 kg collides with another body of mass m
which is at rest and returns with a speed one-third of its initial speed. Find the value of m
(Ans. 4 kg)
3. A body of mass m strikes a stationary body of mass M and undergoes an elastic collision. After
collision m has a speed one-third of its initial speed. What is the ratio M/m?
(Ans. 1: 2)
4. Two particles of masses 0.5 kg and 0.25 kg moving with velocities 4.0 ms −1 and‐3.0 ms-1 collide
head on in a perfectly inelastic collision. Find (i) the velocity of the composite particle after the
collision and (ii) the kinetic energy lost in the collision.
[Ans. (i) 1.7 ms-1 (ii) 4.1J]
5. What percentage of the K.E. of a moving particle is transferred to a stationary particle when it
strikes the stationary particle of four times its mass?
(Ans. 64%)
6 -1
6. A neutron moving with a speed of 10 ms suffers a head-on collision with a nucleus of mass
number 80. What is the fraction of energy retained by the nucleus?
(Ans. 79/81)
7. What percentage of kinetic energy of a moving particle is transferred to a stationary particle, when
moving particle strikes with a stationary particle of mass (i) 19 times its mass (ii) equal in mass and
(iii) 1/9th of its mass?
[Ans. (i) 19% (ii) 100% (ii) 36%]
8. Show that when a moving body collides with stationary body of mass m or 1/m times its mass, then
4m
the moving body transfers (1 2 part of its kinetic energy to the stationary body.
+ m)

9. A ball is dropped from a height of 3 m. What is the height up to which the ball will rebound? The
coefficient of restitution is 0.5.
(Ans. 0.75 m)
10. A ball is dropped from a height h on to a floor. If the coefficient of restitution is e, calculate the
height to which the ball first rebounds?
(Ans. h e2)
 Work, Energy and Power
DPP-01
Work Done by Constant Force

1. What is the work done by a person in carrying a suitcase weighing 10 kg f on his head when he
travels a distance of 5 m in the (i) vertical direction and (ii) horizontal direction ? Take g = 9.8
ms-2.
[Ans. (i) 490 J (ii) Zero]
2. Calculate the amount of work done by a labourer who carries n bricks, each of mass m, to the
roof of a house of height h by climbing up a ladder.
(Ans. n mgh)
3. A man moves on a straight horizontal road with a block of mass 2 kg in his hand. If he covers a
distance of 40 m with an acceleration of 0.5 ms-2, find the work done by the man on the block
during the motion.
(Ans. 40 J)
4. A force F� = (2ı̂ – 6ȷ̂)N is applied on a body, which is sliding over a floor. If the body is displaced
through (-3 ȷ̂)m, how much work is done by the force ?
(Ans. 18 J)
5. Find the work done by force �F⃗ = 2ı̂ - 3ȷ̂ + k� when its point of application moves from the point A
(1, 2, - 3) to the point B (2, 0, - 5).
(Ans. 6 units)
6. A particle is acted upon by constant forces �F⃗ 1 = 2ı̂ - 3ȷ̂ + 4k� and F 2 = -ı̂ + 2ȷ̂ -3k� , is displaced from
R

the point A (2,1,0) to the point B(-3,-4, 2). Find the total work done by these forces.
(Ans. 2 units)
7. A man weighing 50 kg f supports a body of 25 kg f on his head. What is the work done when he
moves a distance of 20 m up an incline of 1 in 10 ? Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 1470 J)
 Work, Energy and Power
DPP-05
Topic: Power

1. A lift is designed to carry a load of 4000 kg through 10 floors of a building averaging 6 m per floor
in 10 seconds. Calculate the horse power of the lift.
(Ans. 315.28 hp)
2. A machine can take out 1000 kg of mud per hour from a depth of 100 m. If efficiency of the
machine is 0.9, calculate its power.
(Ans. 302.47 W)
3. One coolie takes 1 min to raise a box through a height 2 m. Another takes 30 s for the same job and
does the same amount of work. Which one of these two has a greater power and which one uses
greater energy?
(Ans. Second coolie has double power than first, both spend same amount of energy)
4. An engine of 4.9 kW power is used to pump water from a well 50 m deep. Calculate the quantity of
water in kilolitres which it can pump out in one hour.
(Ans. 36.0 kilo litre)
5. Water is pumped out of a we1110 m deep by means of a pump rated at 10 kW. Find the efficiency
of the motor if 4200 kg of water is pumped out every minute. Take g = 10ms −2 .
(Ans. 70%)
6. A 30m deep well is having water upto 15 m. An engine evacuates it in one hour. Calculate the
power of the engine if the diameter of the well is 4 m.
(Ans. 11.55 kW)
7. The human heart forces 4000 cm3 of blood per minute through the arteries under pressure of 130
mm. The density of blood is 1.03 g cm-3. What is the horse power of the heart?
(Ans. 1.17 × 10−4 hp)
8. A car of mass 1000 kg accelerates uniformly from rest to a velocity of 54 kh h-1 in 5 seconds.
Calculate (i) its acceleration (ii) its gain in K.E. (iii) average power of the engine during this period,
neglect friction.
[Ans. (i) 3 ms −2 (ii) 1.125 × 105 J (iii) 22500 W]
 Work, Energy and Power
DPP-02
Work Done by Variable Force

1. A force F = (15 + 0.50x) acts on a particle in the X-direction, where F is in newton and x in
metre. Find the work done by this force during a displacement from x = 0 to x = 2.0 m.
(Ans. 31 J)
2. A force F = a + bx acts on a particle in the X-direction, where a and b are constants. Find the
work done by this force during a displacement from x = 0 to x = d.
bd
(Ans. �a + �d)
2

3. A body moves from a point A to B under the action of a force shown in Fig. 6.10. Force F is in
newton and distance x in metre. What is the amount of work done?
(Ans. 11.5 J)

4. The relation between the displacement x and the time t for a body of mass 2 kg moving under the
action of a force is given by x = t3 / 3, where x is in metre and t in second, calculate the work
done by the body in first 2 seconds.
(Ans. 16 J)
5. Fig. 6.11 shows the F-x graph. Here the force F is in newton and distance x in metre. What is the
work done?
(Ans. 10 J)
Calculate work done in moving the object from r = 2m to x = 3m from the following graph:
(Ans. 50 J)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-11
Banking of Roads and Bending of a Cyclist

1. Find the maximum speed at which a car can take turn round a curve of 30 m radius on a
level road if the coefficient of friction between the tyres and the road is 0.4. Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 11 ms-1)
2. What should be the coefficient of friction between the tyres and the road, when a car
travelling at 60 km h-1 makes a level turn of radius 40 m?
(Ans. 0.71)
3. The mass of a bicycle rider along with the bicycle is 100 kg. He wants to cross over a
circular turn of radius 100 m with a speed of 10 ms-1. If the coefficient of friction between the
tyres and the road is 0.6, will the rider be able to cross the turn? Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. Yes)
4. A cyclist riding at a speed of 14√3 ms-1 takes a turn around a circular road of radius 20 √3
m. What is the inclination to the vertical?
(Ans. 60°)
5. A cyclist speeding at 6 ms in a circle of 18 m radius makes an angle θ with the vertical.
-1

Calculate θ. Also determine the minimum possible value of the coefficient of friction
between the tyres and the ground.
(Ans. 11°32', 0.2041)
6. A motor cyclist goes round a circular race course of diameter 320 m at 144 km h-1. How
far from the vertical must he lean inwards to keep his balance? Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 45°)
7. An aeroplane travelling at a speed of 500 kmh-1 tilts at an angle of 30° as it makes a turn.
What is the radius of the curve?
(Ans. 3.41 × 103 m)
8. For traffic moving at 60 kmh-1, if the radius of the curve is 0.1 km, what is the correct
angle of banking of the road? Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 15.5°)
9. A railway carriage has its CG at a height of 1 m above the rails which are 1 m apart.
Calculate the maximum safe speed at which it can travel round an unbanked curve of radius
80 m.
(Ans. 19.8 ms-1)
10. A curve in a road forms an arc of radius 800 m. If the road is 19.6 m wide and outer edge
is 1 m higher than the inner edge, calculate the speed for which it is banked.
(Ans. 20 ms-1)
11. A train has to negotiate a curve of radius 400 m. By how much should the outer rail be
raised with respect to the inner rail for a speed of 48 kmh-1? The distance between the rails is
1 m.
(Ans. 0.0454 m)
12. A 2000 kg car has to go over a turn whose radius is 750 m and the angle of slope is 5°.
The coefficient of friction between the wheels and the road is 0.5. What should be the
maximum speed of the car so that it may go over the turn without slipping?
(Ans. 67.2 ms-1)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-10
Centripetal Force

1. A particle of mass 21 g attached to a string of 70 cm length is whirled round in a horizontal

circle. If the period of revolution is 2 s, find the tension in the string.
(Ans. 14520 dyne)
2. A stone of mass 4 kg is attached to a string of 10 m length and is whirled in a horizontal
circle. The string can withstand a maximum tension of 160 N. Calculate the maximum
velocity of revolution that can be given to the stone without breaking the string.
(Ans. 20 ms-1)
3. A 100 g weight is tied at the end of a string and whirled around in a horizontal, circle of
radius 15 cm at the rate of 3 revolutions per second. What is the tension in the string?
(Ans. 5.334 N)
4. A gramophone disc rotates at 60 rpm. A coin of mass 18 g is placed at a distance of 8 cm
from the centre. Calculate the centrifugal force on the coin. Take π2 - 9.87.
(Ans. 4105.92 dyne)
5. A ball of mass 100 g is suspended by a string 40 cm long. Keeping the string taut, the ball
describes a horizontal circle of radius 10 cm. Find the angular speed.
(Ans. 1.59 rad s-1)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-08
Coefficient of Friction and Angle of Friction

1. A block of mass 1 kg lies on a horizontal surface in a truck. The coefficient of static

friction between the block and the surface is 0.6. If the acceleration of the truck is 5 ms-2,
calculate the frictional force acting on the block.
(Ans. 5 N)
2. A body weighing 20 kg just slides down a rough inclined plane that rises 5 m in every 13
m. What is the coefficient of friction?
(Ans. 0.4167)
3. A scooter weighs 120 kg f. Brakes are applied so that wheels stop rolling and start
skidding. Find the force of friction if the coefficient of friction is 0.4.
(Ans. 48 kg f)
4. An automobile is moving on a horizontal road with a speed v. If the coefficient of friction
between the tyres and road is μ, show that the shortest distance in which the automobile can
be stopped is v2 / 2 μg.
5. Find the distance travelled by a body before coming to rest, if it is moving with a speed of
10 ms-1 and the coefficient of friction between the ground the body is 0.4.
(Ans. 12.75 m)
6. A motor car running at the rate of 7 ms-1 can be stopped by applying brakes in 10 m. Show
that total resistance to the motion, when brakes are on, is one fourth of the weight of the car.
7. Find the power of an engine which can maintain a speed of 50 ms-1 for a train of mass 3 ×
105 kg on a rough line. The coefficient of friction is 0.05. Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 7500 kW)
8. A train weighing 1000 quintals is running on a level road with a uniform speed of 72 km h-
1
. If the frictional resistance amounts to 50 g wt per quintal, find power in watt. Take g = 9.8
ms-2.
(Ans. 9800 W)
9. An automobile of mass m starts from rest and accelerates at a maximum rate possible
without slipping on a road with μ s = 0.5. If only the rear wheels are driven and half the
weight of the automobile is supported on these wheels, how much time is required to reach a
speed of 100 kmh-1.
(Ans. 11.3 s)
10. A suitcase is gently dropped on a conveyor belt moving at 3 ms-1. If the coefficient of
friction between the belt and the suitcase is 0.5, how far will the suitcase move on the belt
before coming to rest?
(Ans. 0.92 m)
11. A truck moving at 72 kmh-1 carries a steel girder which rests on its wooden floor. What is
the minimum time in which the truck can come to stop without the girder moving forward?
Coefficient of static friction between steel and wood is 0.5.
(Ans. 4.08 s)
12. A bullet of mass 10 g is fired horizontally into a 5 kg wooden block, at rest on a
horizontal surface. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the surface is 0.1.
Calculate speed of the bullet striking the block, if the combination moves 20 m before
coming to rest.
(Ans. 3136.26 ms-1)
13. In Fig., the masses of A and B are 10 kg and 5 kg respectively. Calculate the minimum
mass of C which may stop A from slipping. Coefficient of static friction between A and the
table is 0.2.
(Ans. 15 kg)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-07
Connected Motion

1. Two masses of 6 kg and 4 kg are connected to the two ends of a light inextensible string
that goes over a frictionless pulley. Find the acceleration of the masses and the tension in the
string when the masses are released. Take g =10ms-2.
(Ans. 2 ms-2, 24 N)
2. Two masses m 1 and m 2 are connected by a massless string as shown in Fig. Find the value
of tension in the string if a force of 200 N is applied on (i) m 1 and (ii) m 2 .
[Ans. (i) 75 N (ii) 125 N]

3. Two bodies whose masses are = 50 kg and m2 = 150 kg are tied by a light string and are
placed on a frictionless horizontal surface. When is pulled by a force F, and acceleration of 5
ms-2 is produced in both the bodies. Calculate the value of F. What is the tension in the string
?
(Ans. 1000 N, 750 N)
4. As shown in Fig. 5.56, three masses m, 3m and 5m connected together lie on a frictionless
horizontal surface and pulled to the left by a force F. The

tension T 1 in the first string is 24 N. Find (i) acceleration of the system, (ii) tension in the
second string, and (iii) force F.
[Ans. (i) a = 3/ m (ii) T 2 = 15 N (III) F = 27 N]
5. Three identical blocks, each having a mass m are pushed by a force F on a frictionless table
as shown in Fig. 5.57. What is the acceleration of the blocks?

What is the net force on the block A? What force does A apply on B? What force does B
apply on C? Show action-reaction pairs on the contact surfaces of the blocks.
(Ans. F/3 m, F/3, 2F/3, F/3)
6. Four blocks of the same mass m connected by cords are pulled by a force F on a smooth
horizontal surface, as shown in Fig. 5.58. Determine the tensions T 1 , T 2 and T 3 in the cords.

3 1 1
�ans. T1 = F, T2 = F, T3 = F�
4 2 4
7. In Fig., find the acceleration a of the system and the tensions T 1 and T 2 in the strings.
Assume that the table and the pulleys are frictionless and the strings are massless. Take g =
9.8 ms-2.

(Ans. 1.4 ms-2, 22.4 N, 33.6 N)

8. In the Atwood's machine [Fig.], the system starts from rest. What is the speed
and distance moved by each mass at t =3s?
(Ans. 2.67 ms-1,4 m)

9. Three bodies A, B and C, each of mass m are hanging on a string over a fixed pulley, as
shown in Fig. What are the tensions in the strings connecting bodies A to B and B to C?
4 2
(Ans. mg, mg)
3 3

10. In the arrangement shown in Fig., show that the tension in the string between masses m 1
and m 3 is
2m1 m3 g
T=
m1 + m2 + m3
 Laws of Motion
DPP-06
Equilibrium of Concurrent Forces

1. A mass of 10 kg is suspended vertically by a rope of length 2 m from a ceiling. A force of

60 N is applied at the middle point of the rope in the horizontal direction, as shown in Fig.
Calculate the angle the rope makes with the vertical. Neglect the mass of the rope and take g
= 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 31°)

2. A mass of 2U kg is suspended by a rope of length 2 m from a ceiling. A force of 173.2 N

in the horizontal direction is applied at the midpoint of the rope as shown in Fig. 5.37. What
is the angle the rope makes with the horizontal in equilibrium? Take g = 10 ms-2. Neglect
mass of the rope.
(Ans. 30°)
3. A body of weight 200 N is suspended with the help of strings as shown in Fig 5.38. Find
the tensions T 1 and T 2 .
(Ans. T 1 = 146.4 N, T 2 = 179.3 N)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-04
Conservation of linear momentum

1. A 30 g bullet leaves a rifle with a velocity of 300 ms-1 and the rifle recoils with a velocity
of 0.60 ms-1. Find the mass of the rifle.
(Ans. 15 kg)
2. A 40 kg shell is flying at a speed of 72 kmh-1. It explodes into two pieces. One of the two
pieces of mass 15 kg stops. Calculate the speed of the other.
(Ans. 32 ms-1)
3. A gun weighing 4 kg fires a bullet of 80 g with a velocity of 120 ms-1. With what velocity
does the gun recoil ? What is the combined momentum of the gun and bullet before firing and
after firing ?
(Ans. 2.4 cms-1, zero before and after firing)
4. A car of mass 1000 kg moving with a speed of 30 m/s collides with the back of a stationary
lorry of mass 9000 kg. Calculate the speed of the vehicles immediately after the collision if
they remain jammed together.
(Ans. 3 ms-1)
5. A bullet of mass 7 g is fired into a block of metal weighing 7 kg. The block is free to
move. After the impact, the velocitv of the bullet and the block is 70cms-1. What is the initial
velocity of the bullet ?
(Ans. 700.7 ms-1)
6. A truck of mass 2×104kg travelling at 0.5 ms-1 collides with another truck of half its mass
moving in the opposite direction with a velocity of 0.4 ms-1 . if the trucks couple
automatically on collision, calculate the common velocity with which they move.
(Ans. 0.2 ms-1)
7. A neutron of mass 1.67×10-27 kg moving with a speed of 3 × 106 ms-1 collides with a
deutron of mass 3.34 × 10-27 kg which is at rest. After collision, the neutron sticks to the
deutron and forms a triton. What is the speed of the triton ?
(Ans. 106 ms-1)
8. A bomb at rest explodes into three fragments of equal masses. Two fragments fly off at
right angles to each other with velocities 9 ms-1 and 12 ms-1 respectively. Calculate the speed
of the third fragment.
(Ans. 15 ms-1)
9. A man weighing 60 kg runs along the rails with a velocity of 18 kmh-1 and jumps into a car
of mass 1 quintal standing on the rails. Calculate the velocity with which the car will start
travelling along the rails.
(Ans. 1.88 ms-1)
10. A machine gun of mass 10 kg fires 20 g bullets at the rate of 10 bullets per second with a
speed of 500 ms-1. What force is required to hold the gun in position ?
(Ans. 100 N)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-01
Linear Momentum and Newton’s Second Law of Motion

1. A force acts for 10 s on a body of mass 10 kg after which the force ceases and the body
describes 50 m in the next 5 s. Find the magnitude of the force.
(Ans. 10 N)
2. A truck starts from rest and rolls down a hill with constant acceleration. It travels a
distance of 400 m in 20 s. Calculate the acceleration and the force acting on it if its mass is 7
metric tonnes.
(Ans. 2 ms-2,14,000 N)
3. A force of 5 N gives a mass an acceleration of 8 ms-2 and a mass m 2 an acceleration of 24
ms-2. What acceleration would it give if both the masses are tied together ?
(Ans. 6 ms-2)
4. In an X-ray machine, an electron is subjected to a force of 10-23 N. In how much time the
electron will cover a distance of 0.1 m ? Take mass of the electron = 10-30 kg.
(Ans. 1.4 × 10-4 s)
5. A stone of mass 5 kg falls from top of a cliff 50 m high and buries 1 m in sand. Find the
average resistance offered by the sand and the lime it takes to penetrate.
(Ans. 2450 N, 0.064 s)
6. A bullet of mass 100 g moving with 20 m/s strikes a wooden plank and penetrates upto 20
cm. Calculate the resistance offered by the wooden plank.
(Ans. 100 N)
7. A motor car running at the rate of 7 ms-1 can be stopped by applying brakes in 10 m. Show
that total resistance to the motion, when brakes are on, is one fourth of the weight of the car.
8. A force of 50 N is inclined to the vertical at an angle of 30°. Find the acceleration it
produces in a body of mass 2 kg which moves in the horizontal direction.
(Ans. 12.5 ms-2)
9. A ship of mass 3 × 107 kg and initially at rest can be pulled through a distance of 3 m by
means of a force of 5 × 104 N. The water resistance is negligible. Find the speed attained by
the ship.
(Ans. 0.1 ms-1)
10. A balloon has a mass of 5 g in air. The air escapes from the balloon at a uniform rate with
a velocity of 5 cms-1. If the balloon shrinks completely in 2.5 s, find the average force acting
on the balloon.
(Ans. 10 dyne)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-09
Motion along Rough Inclined Plane

1. A block of mass 2 kg rests on a plane inclined at an angle of 30° with the horizontal. The
coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is 0.7. What will be the frictional
force acting on the block?
(Ans. 11.9 N)
2. A block of mass 10 kg is sliding on a surface inclined at an angle of 30° with the
horizontal. If the coefficient of friction between the block and the surface is 0.5, find the
acceleration produced in the block.
(Ans. 0.657 ms-2)
3. Find the force required to move a train of mass 105 kg up an incline 1 in 50 with an
acceleration of 2 ms-2. Coefficient of friction between the train and the rails is 0.005. Take g
= 10 ms-2.
(Ans 2.25 × 105 N)
4. A block slides down an incline of 30° with an acceleration equal to g/4. Find the
coefficient of kinetic friction.
(Ans. 1/2√3)
5. A 10 kg block slides without acceleration down a rough inclined plane making an angle of
20° with the horizontal. Calculate the acceleration when the inclination of the plane is
increased to 30° and the work done over a distance of 1.2 m. Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 1.8 ms-2, 21.6 J)
6. A railway engine weighing 40 metric ton is travelling along a level track at a speed of 54
kmh-1. What additional power is required to maintain the same speed up an incline rising 1 in
49. Given μ = 0.1, g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 120 kW)
7. A metal block of mass 0.5 kg is placed on a plane inclined to the horizontal at an angle of
30°. If the coefficient of friction is 0.2, what force must be applied (i) to just prevent the
block from sliding down the inclined plane (ii) to just move the block up the inclined plane
and (iii) to move it up the inclined plane with an acceleration of 20 cms-2?
[Ans. (i) 1.6 N (ii) 3.299 N (iii) 3.399 N]
8. A block 'A' of mass 14 kg moves along an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30° with
the horizontal [Fig. 5.92]. Block A is connected to another block B
of mass 14 kg by a taut massless string that runs around a frictionless, massless pulley. The
block B moves downward with constant velocity. What is (i) the magnitude of the frictional
force and (ii) the coefficient of kinetic friction?
[Ans. (i) 68.6 N (ii) 0.58]
9. A wooden block of mass 100 kg rests on a flat wooden floor, the coefficient of friction
between the two being 0.4. The block is pulled by a rope making an angle of 30° with the
horizontal. What is the minimum tension along the rope that just makes the block sliding?
(Ans. 367.7 N)
10. A body of mass 10 kg is placed on an inclined surface of angle 30°. If the coefficient of
limiting friction is 1/√3, find the force required to just push the body up the inclined surface.
Force is being exerted parallel to the inclined surface.
(Ans. 98 N)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-12
Motion in a Vertical Circle

1. A body weighing 0.5 kg tied to a string is projected with a velocity of 10 ms-1. The body
starts whirling in a vertical circle. If the radius of circle is 0.8 m, find the tension in the string
when the body is (i) at the top of the circle and (ii) at the bottom of the circle.
[Ans. (i) 3.8 N (ii) 67.4 N]
2. A child revolves a stone of mass 0.5 kg tied to the end of a string of length 40 cm in a
vertical circle. The speed of the stone at the lowest point of the circle is 3 ms-1. Calculate the
tension in the string at this point.
(Ans, 16.15 N)
3. A stone is tied to a weightless string and revolved in a vertical circle of radius 5 m. (i)
What should be the minimum speed of the stone at the highest point of the circle so that the
string does not slack?
(ii) What should be the speed of the stone at the lowest point in this situation? Take g = 9.8
ms-2.
[Ans. (i) 7 ms-1 (ii) 7√5 ms-1]
4. The railway bridge over a canal is in the form of an arc of a circle of radius 20 m. What is
the minimum speed with which a car can cross the bridge without leaving contact with the
ground at the highest point? Take g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans. 14 ms-1)
5. An aeroplane describes a vertical circle when looping. Find the radius of the greatest
possible loop if the velocity of the aeroplane at the lowest point of its path is 50 ms-1. Take g
= 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 50 m)
6. A weightless thread can bear tension upto 3.7 kg wt. A stone of mass 500 g is tied to it and
revolves in a circular path of radius 4 m in vertical plane. If g = 10 ms-2, then what will be the
maximum angular velocity of the stone?
(Ans. 4 rad s-1)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-03
Newton’s Third Law and Motion in a Lift

1. An elevator weighing 5000 kg is moving upward and tension in the supporting cable is
50,000 N. Find the upward acceleration. How far does it rise in a time of 10 seconds starting
from rest?
(Ans. 0.2 ms-2,10 m)
2. A woman weighing 50 kgf stands on a weighing machine placed in a lift. What will be the
reading of the machine, when the lift is (i) moving upwards with a uniform velocity of 5 ms-1
and (ii) moving downwards with a uniform acceleration of 1 ms-2 ? Take g = 10 ms 2.
[Ans. (i) 500 N (ii) 450 N]
3. A 75 kg man stands in a lift. What force does the floor exert on him when the elevator
starts moving upwards with an acceleration of 2.0 ms-2 ? Take g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 90 kg f)
4. Find the apparent weight of a man weighing 49 kg on earth when he is standing in a lift
which is (i) rising with an acceleration of 1.2 ms-2 (ii) going down with the same acceleration
(iii) falling freely under the action of gravity and (iv) going up or down with uniform
velocity. Given g = 9.8 ms-2.
[Ans. (i) 55 kg f (ii) 43 kg f (iii) 0 (iv) 49 kg f]
5. A body of mass 15 kg is hung by a spring balance in a lift. What would be the reading of
the balance when
(i) the lift is ascending with an acceleration of 2 ms-2
(ii) descending with the same acceleration
(iii) descending with a constant velocity of 2 ms-1 ? Take y = 10 ms-2.
[Ans. (i) 18 kg f (ii) 12 kg f (iii) 15 kg f]
6. A mass of 10 kg is suspended from a string, the other end of which is held in hand. Find
the tension in the string when the hand is moved up with a uniform acceleration of 2 ms-2.
Given g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 120 N)
7. The strings of a parachute can bear a maximum tension of 72 kg wt. By what minimum
acceleration can a person of 96 kg descend by means of this parachute?
(Ans. 2.45 ms-2)
8. A 70 kg man in sea is being lifted by a helicopter with the help of a rope which can bear a
maximum tension of 100 kg wt. With what maximum acceleration the helicopter should rise
so that the rope may not break? Given g = 9.8 ms-2.
(Ans 4.2 ms-2)
9 An elevator and its load weigh a total of 800 kg. Find the tension T in the supporting cable
when the elevator, originally moving downwards at 20 ms-1 is brought to rest with constant
retardation in a distance of 50 m.
(Ans. 1014 × 104 N)
 Laws of Motion
DPP-05
Rocket Propulsion

1. A rocket with a lift mass of 3.5 × 104 kg is blasted up wards with an acceleration of 10 ms-
2
. Calculate the initial thrust of the blast.
(Ans. 7.0 × 105 N)
2. Fuel is consumed at the rate of 50 g per second in a rocket. The exhaust gases are rejected
at the rate of 5 × 105 cms-1. What is the thrust experienced by the rocket?
(Ans. 250 N)
3. Calculate the ratio m/m 0 for a rocket to attain the escape velocity of 11.2 kms-1 after
starting from rest, when maximum exhaust velocity of the gases is 1.6 kms-1.
(Ans. 1096)
4. In the first second of its flight, a rocket ejects 1/60 of its mass with a relative velocity of
2073 ms-1. What is the initial acceleration of the rocket?
(Ans. 24.75 ms-2)
5. A rocket motor consumes 100 kg of fuel per second, exhausting it with a speed of 6 × 103
ms-1. (i) What thrust is exerted on the rocket? (ii) What will be the velocity of the rocket at
the instant its mass is reduced to (1/40)th of its initial mass, its initial velocity being zero ?
Neglect gravity.
[Ans. (i) 6 × 105 N (ii) 22.13 × 103 ms-1]
6- A rocket fired from the earth's surface ejects 1% of its mass at a speed of 2000 ms-1 in the
first second. Find the average acceleration of the rocket in the first second.
(Ans. 20 ms-2)
7. A rocket is going upwards with accelerated motion. A man sitting in it feels his weight
increased by 5 times his own weight. If the mass of the rocket including that of the man is 1.0
× 104 kg, how much force is being applied by rocket engine? Given g = 10 ms-2.
(Ans. 5 × 105 N)
8. A balloon of mass m is rising up with an acceleration a. Show that the fraction of weight of
the balloon that must be detached in order to double its acceleration is [ma / (2a + g)],
assuming the upthrust of air to remain the same.
 Laws of Motion
DPP-01
Impulse of a Force
1. A cricket ball of mass 150 g is moving with a velocity of 12 ms-1, and is hit by a bat, so
that the ball is turned back with a velocity of 20 ms-1. The force of the blow acts for 0.01
second on the ball. Find the average force exerted by the bat on the ball.
(Ans. 480 N)
2. A hammer weighing 1 kg moving with the speed of 10 ms-1 strikes the head of a nail
driving it 10 cm into a wall. Neglecting the mass of the nail, calculate (i) the acceleration
during impact (ii) the time interval of the impact and (iii) the impulse.
[Ans. (j) –500 ms-2 (ii) 0.02 s (iii) - 10 Ns]
3. Two billiard balls of mass 50 g moving in opposite directions with speed of 16 ms-1 collide
and rebound with the same speed. What is the impulse imparted by each ball to the other?
(Ans. -1.6 kg ms-1, + 1.6 kg ms-1)
4. A machine gun has a mass of 20 kg. It tires 30 g bullets at the rate of 400 bullets per
second with a speed of 400 ms-1. What force must be applied to the gun to keep it in position?
(Ans. 4800 N)
5. A ball of mass 20 g hits a wall at an angle of 45° with a velocity of 15 ms-1. If the ball
rebounds at 90° to the direction of incidence, calculate the impulse received by the ball.
(Ans. 0.42 kg ms-1)
6- A glass ball whose mass is 10 g falls from a height of 40 m and rebounds to a height ot 10
m. Find the impulse and the average force between the glass ball and the floor if the time
during which they are in contact is 0.1 s.
(Ans. u.42 Ns, 4.2 N)
7. A force acting on a body of mass 2 kg varies with time as shown in Fig. Find (i) impulse of
the force and (ii) the final velocity of the body.
[Ans. ({) 12 kg ms-1 (ii) 6 ms-1]

8. Fig. shows an estimated force-time graph for a base ball struck by a bat.
From this curve, determine (i) impulse delivered to the ball (ii) force exerted on the ball (iii)
the maximum force on the ball.
[Ans. (i) 1.35 x 104 kg ms-1 (ii) 9000 N (iii) 18000 N]
9. A ball moving with a momentum of 15 kg ms-1 strikes against the wall at an angle of 30°
and is reflected with the same momentum at the same angle. Calculate impulse.
(Ans. -15√3 kg ms-1)
10. Calculate the impulse necessary to stop a 1500 kg car travelling at 90 km/h.
(Ans. - 37500 Ns)
11. A body of mass 0.25 kg moving with velocity 12 m/s is stopped by applying a force of
0.6 N. Calculate the time taken to stop the body. Also calculate the impulse of this force.
(Ans. 5 s, 3 Ns)