Ebooks File Case Studies in Adult Intensive Care Medicine 1st Edition Daniele Bryden All Chapters
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Case Studies in Adult Intensive
Care Medicine
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Case Studies in Adult
Intensive Care Medicine
Edited by
Daniele Bryden
Honorary Senior Lecturer, University of Sheffield; Regional Advisor for Intensive Care Medicine in South Yorkshire,
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
Andrew Temple
Honorary Senior Lecturer, University of Sheffield; Former Training Programme Director for Intensive
Care Medicine in South Yorkshire, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
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University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom
Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge.
It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in
the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest
international levels of excellence.
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107423374
© Cambridge University Press 2017
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and
to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no
reproduction of any part may take place without the written
permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2017
Printed in the United Kingdom by TJ International Ltd.
Padstow Cornwall.
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British
Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Bryden, Daniele, editor. | Temple, Andrew (Training
programme director for intensive care medicine), editor.
Title: Case studies in adult intensive care medicine / edited by
Daniele Bryden, Andrew Temple.
Description: Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York : Cambridge
University Press, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016040383 | ISBN 9781107423374 (Pbk. : alk. paper)
Subjects: | MESH: Critical Care–methods | Adult | Case Reports
Classification: LCC RC86.8 | NLM WX 218 | DDC 616.02/8–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016040383
v
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vi Contents
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Contributors
vii
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viii Contributors
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Contributors ix
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x Contributors
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Preface
Case-based discussion is an integral part of critical care teaching and training.
Although the specialty is a relatively young branch of medicine, in addition to its own
specific knowledge base, it requires a detailed background knowledge of surgery, medicine
and trauma across all age ranges.
In creating this book, we have approached knowledgeable and enthusiastic trainers in
their subject fields to discuss an interesting or illustrative case. The aim was to create a
number of discrete small chapters that could be used as the basis for individual general
reading, group tutorials or as a starting point for further exploration around a topic area.
This is not intended to be a definitive text but contains a mixture of core knowledge and
detailed background information so that there is material of interest to everyone looking
after critically ill patients.
The cases chosen have all been mapped to the UK Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine
FFICM exam and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine EDIC exam so we hope
it will provide alternative reading for those studying for those exams.
We have enjoyed reading and editing the cases and have learnt from the expertise of the
authors. We hope you will too.
xi
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Levels of Evidence
(adapted from the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine, Oxford )
xii
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Abbreviations Referred to in Case Discussions
AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm
AAGBI Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland
ABGs arterial blood gas(es)
ABI acute brain injury
ACE angiotensin converting enzyme
ACS abdominal compartment syndrome
ACTH adrenocorticotrophic hormone
ADH antidiuretic hormone
AF atrial fibrillation
AGNB aerobic gram negative bacilli
AIH autoimmune hepatitis
AIP acute interstitial pneumonitis
AIS acute ischaemic stroke abbreviated injury scale
AKI acute kidney injury
ALD alcoholic liver disease
ALT alanine transaminase
ANP advanced nurse practitioner
APACHE acute physiology and chronic health evaluation
APP abdominal perfusion pressure
APPT activated partial thromboplastin time
APRV airway pressure release ventilation
ARDS adult respiratory distress syndrome
ARF acute respiratory failure
aSAH aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
ASB assisted spontaneous breathing
ASPEN American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
AST aspartate aminotransferase
ATC acute traumatic coagulopathy
ATN acute tubular nephropathy
ATP adenosine triphosphate
ATS American Thoracic Society
AU absorbance units
BAL bronchoalveolar lavage
BIPAP biphasic positive airway pressure
BIS bispectral index
BMI body mass index
BP blood pressure
bpm beats per minute
BSI blood stream infection
BTF brain trauma foundation
BTS British Thoracic Society
BURP backwards, upwards and rightwards pressure on the thyroid cartilage
CA cerebral autoregulation
CAM-ICU Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit
CAP community acquired pneumonia
CBF cerebral blood flow
CBG capillary blood gases
CBV cerebral blood volume
CFA crytpogenic fibrosing alveolitis
CFAM cerebral function analysing monitor
CFU colony forming units
xiii
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xiv Abbreviations
CHO carbohydrate
CI cardiac index
CK creatine kinase
CLA-BSI central line associated blood stream infection
CMRO2 cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen
COMT catchyl-0-methyltransferase
COP cryptogenic organising pneumonia
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPAP continuous positive airway pressure
CPC cerebral performance category
CPIS Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score
CPK creatine phosphokinase
CPM central pontine myelinloysis
CPP cerebral perfusion pressure
CPS Child Pugh Score
CR-BSI catheter related blood stream infection
CRP C-reactive protein
CRT capillary refill time
CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy
CSW cerebral salt wasting syndrome
CT computed tomography
CTA CT angiography
CTEPH chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
CTPA CT pulmonary angiogram
CVC central venous catheter
CVST cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis
CVVH continuous venovenous haemofiltration
CVVHD continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration
DAS Difficult Airway Society
DBD donation after brainstem death
DC direct current
DCCV direct current cardioversion
DCD donation after circulatory death
DCI delayed ischaemic deficit/ delayed cerebral ischaemia
DGH district general hospital
DHI dynamic hyperinflation
DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation
DKA diabetic ketoacidosis
DSA digital subtraction angiography
DVT deep venous thrombosis
EBIC European Brain Injury Consortium
E-CPR extra-corporeal support during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
ED emergency department
EEG electroencephalogram
ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography
ESPEN European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
ESBL extended spectrum beta lactamases
EWS early warning score
FBC full blood count
FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 second
FiO2 fraction of inspired oxygen
FRC functional residual capacity
FV flow velocity
GAS group A streptococcus
GCS Glasgow Coma Scale
GDC Guglielmi detachable coil
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