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    Earthquake and Faults

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    Earthquake and Faults

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    Earthquake-and-faults

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    Earthquake and Faults

    Uploaded by

    Ellie Pama Pastrana
    jhvgcmdxbnjlgtxdmkc,jjiljougvcfhbnnkjhb

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    SCIENCE 8 – WORK FROM HOME ACTIVITY

    Quarter 2: Week 1: Earthquakes and Faults


    PRE -TEST

    Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

    1. How faults are formed?


    A. faults formed when significant movements occur.
    B. faults forms when rocks of the crust are compressed or stretched by plate movement.
    C. a crack or a break on the earth’s crust.
    D. fault is fracture or break in Earth’s crust where earthquakes are most likely to occur.
    2. Where do most earthquakes occur?
    A. along dikes B. along faults C. along folds D. along joints
    3. ______ Implies that the rocks are displaced or shifted considerably.
    A. Dip movement B. Significant movement C. Fault movement D. Epicenter movement
    4. Which statements best describe a fault
    A. A break found under the sea. C. A crack or a break on the earth’s crust.
    B. A break line in the interior of the earth. D. A break found on both surface and interior part
    5.It is the point of origin of an earthquake.
    A. Epicenter B. Focus C. Fault line D. Fault plane

    EARTHQUAKES AND FAULTS


    An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip on a fault. The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck at their
    edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases in the form of energy
    in waves that travel through the earth's interior and crust that cause the shaking that we feel.
    A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock. Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other.
    This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake or may occur slowly, in the form of creep. Faults may range in length
    from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers. Most faults produce repeated displacements over geologic time.
    How do faults produce quakes? Energy from Earth’s interior makes the ground move. Friction hold the rocks together. Once
    the friction is overcome, the ground will move and the earthquake will occur. Earthquakes are caused when faults slip suddenly.
    Friction between the two sides of a fault keeps it from moving until the stress on the fault overcomes the friction, then the fault slips
    and creates an earthquake.
    Types of Faults

    1. Normal Fault A dip – slip fault in which the block above the fault has moved downward relative to the block below. This type of
    faulting occurs in response to extension. “Occurs when the “hanging wall” moves down relative to the “footwall”
    2. Reverse Fault A dip –slip fault in which the upper block, above the fault plane, moves up and over the lower block. This type of
    faulting is common in areas of compression. When the dip angle is shallow, a reverse fault is often described as a thrust fault.
    “Occurs where the”hanging wall” moves up or thrust over the “foot wall”.
    3. Strike-slip Fault A fault on which the two blocks slide past one another or the movement of the block is purely horizontal. There
    are two types of strike –slip fault movement. Imagine yourself standing on one side of a strike-slip fault. If the block on the other
    side is displaced to your right, the fault is a right lateral strike-slip fault. If the block on the other side of the fault is displaced to
    your left, the fault is a left lateral strike-slip fault.

    Activity 1: Graphic Organizer


    Complete the Concept Map

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