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Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
 Make ready.
Present.
After firing, the rifle to be brought immediately
to the position of—
Prepare to load.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AIMING WITH THE RIFLE MUSKET.

Firing at a Human figure. Firing at the Target.

Aim with the sight down,
At 100 yards.—Aim at the waist.
straight at the bull’s-eye.
At 150 yards.—Raise the sliding- Raise the sliding-bar, raise the
bar, raise the sight, and aim sight, aim with the 200 yards’
with the 200 yards’ point at point at the bottom of the
the thigh. black ring.
At 200 yards.—Aim at the waist Aim at the bull’s-eye with the
with the 200 yards’ point. 200 yards’ point.
At 250 yards.—Press down the Press down the sliding-bar, aim
sliding-bar, aim with the 300 with the 300 yards’ point six
yards’ point at the knees. inches below the black ring.
At 300 yards.—Aim with the 300 Aim with the 300 yards’ point
yards’ point at the waist. at the bull’s-eye.
At 350 yards.—Raise the sliding- Raise the sliding-bar to half
bar at half distance between distance between the 300
the 300 and 400 yards’ point, and 400 yards’ point, and
and aim at the waist. aim at the bull’s-eye.
From 400 yards to 800 yards.—Make use of the sliding-bar, by
raising it to the respective distances, as marked on the back
sight.

WORDS OF COMMAND FOR FUNERAL PARTIES.

Ranks open—Arms shouldered—Bayonets unfixed, facing the

quarters of the Deceased.
When the Corpse is brought out:
| Present arms—Reverse arms—Rear rank take
close
| order—March.

Divisions, Sub-divisions, or Sections are wheeled forwards (or

backwards) to form Column left in front.
| Rear rank take open order—March.

When arrived at the Burial-ground:

| Halt—Ranks, left and right wheel—Quick
| march—Halt—Inwards face—Rest upon your
| arms reversed—Stand at ease.

When the Corpse has passed through:

| Attention—Reverse arms—Re-form Column—
Ranks,
| right and left wheel—Quick march—Halt,
| front—March.

When facing the grave:

| Rest upon your arms reversed—Stand
| at ease.

After funeral service:

| Attention—Present arms—Shoulder arms—Load
| with blank cartridge—Fire three volleys
| in the air—Order arms—Fix bayonets—Shoulder
| arms—Rear rank take close order—March.

March back to barracks, right in front.

 COMPANY DRILL.

Part 2.—Section 1.—Formation of the Company.

The Company is ordered to “Fall in” at close order; is then sized
from flanks to centre; and told off in Sub-divisions, and four
sections. In Column of Sections, the Senior officer takes the Leading,
the second senior the Third, the third Senior the Fourth, and the
junior the Second section. The Company is also told off by “Threes
from the right,” numbered 1, 2, 3. Should there be a blank file in
telling off the company in line, it will invariably be the fourth file
from the left. The Company is also told off from the right by
alternate files, right, and left.
In Close order the Rear rank is one pace, in Open order two
paces, and for inspection three paces, from the front rank.
S. 2. Marching to the Front.
By the right (left, or centre)—
The Company will occasionally
March.
be ordered, to
Step out—Mark time—Step
short—Open, and close ranks—
Oblique—Diagonal march.
S. 3. The Side, or Closing step.
To the right (or left) close—Quick
march—Halt.

S. 4. The Back step.

Step back—March.
S. 5. To form four deep.*
Form four deep—March.
* In telling off the files, should
Rear form four deep—March.
the last file be a right file, the
left file on its right will double in
Right form four deep—March. the rear of it, completing it to
four deep, and leaving the other
Left form four deep—March. Section only two deep

To re-form two deep, from each of these formations.

Front. (or Halt—Front.†)
† If the Company is in
movement.
S. 6. File marching.
To the left face—Quick march. Halt, Front.

From the Halt.

Advance in double files from the

After facing, the leading files
centre—Sub-divisions inwards
disengage.
face—Quick march.

Front form Company—(or, To the Forward.

right form Company.)
Right Sub-division—Halt,
Front, Dress. The remainder of
the Company march on in file,
and form in succession on left of
halted Sub-division.

On the March.

Advance in double files from the

Sub-divisions, inwards turn—
Centre.
Right and left wheel.
S. 7. Wheeling from a Halt.
Right (or left) wheel—Quick
Halt, Dress.
march.

S. 8. Wheeling forward by Sub-divisions, from Line.

By Sub-divisions right wheel—
Halt, Dress.
Quick march.
S. 9. Wheeling backward by Sub-divisions, from Line.
By Sub-divisions on the left
Halt, Dress.
backward wheel—Quick march.

S. 10. Marching on an Alignement, in Open column of Sub-

divisions.
March—(or, Quick march).
S. 11. Wheeling into Line, from Open column of Sub-divisions.
1. Halt—Left wheel into line—
Halt, Dress, Eyes front.
Quick march.
2. On the Moveable pivot.
Shoulders forward—Forward (or,
Halt, Dress.)
S. 12. In Open column of Sub-divisions entering into a new
direction on a moveable pivot.
Right (or left) shoulders
forward—Forward.
S. 13. Counter-marching.
Counter-march by files.
Right (or left) face—Quick march. Halt, Front, Dress.
Counter-march by ranks.
Right and left face—Right
Halt, Front, Dress.
countermarch—Quick march.

S. 14. Wheeling on the centre of the Company.

Company On { Right }
the centre { Left } Wheel
—March. Halt, Dress.
{ Right }
about

{ Left about }
S. 15. Diagonal march.
The pivots, or outward Files, march in the direct line to which
they have faced, the others conforming to them.
S. 16. Increasing the Front of an Open column halted Right in
front.
Form Company. Left Sub-division, Left half face
—Quick march—Halt, Front,
Dress up.
Diminishing the front of an Open column, halted.
Form Sub-divisions. Left Sub-division—Right about
three-quarters face—Quick
march.
2nd Senior. Halt, Front, Dress.
S. 17. Increasing the front of an Open column, on the march.
Form Company. Left Sub-division, Left half
turn, Double—Front turn, Quick.
Diminishing the front of an Open column, on the march.
Form Sub-divisions. Left Sub-division, Mark time—
Right half turn—2nd Senior,
Front turn.

When the above movements, 16 and 17, are performed Left in

front, the Words Right will be altered to Left, and Left to Right.
The same directions apply to sections.
S. 18. In Open column of Sub-divisions to pass a short defile, by
breaking off files.
Break off —— files. —— Files on the left, Right
turn—Left wheel.
After passing the defile.—Files to the front.
S. 19. The Company in line halted, or on the march, moves to a
flank in Column of sections, or Sections of threes.
Sections (or threes) right (or left)
shoulders forward (if halted,
Quick march—Forward.)

When Pivots are required to be accurately dressed, or when

the alignement of the Company is to be preserved.
Sections (or threes) on the right
(or left) backwards wheel— Halt, Dress.
Quick March.
To re-form Company on the march.
Sections (or threes) right (or left)
* If the march is to be
shoulders forward—
continued.
* Forward—(or Halt, Dress.)
For accurate dressing, or when the alignement is to be
preserved.
Right (or left) wheel into line—
Halt, Dress.
Quick march.
S. 20. Forming Company, Sub-divisions, Sections, or Sections of
threes, from file marching.
Front form Company (Sub-divisions, * If the march is to be
or Sections)—*Forward. continued.
Marching in file from the right, to form the Company to the
Left flank.
Halt—Front.
Marching in file from the right, to form the Company to the
Right flank.
On the leading file to the right
form Company.
To form to the Right about.
On the leading file to the right
about form Company.
S. 21. To form to either flank, from Open column of Sub-divisions.
To the Left flank.
Halt—Left wheel into line—Quick
Halt, Dress, Eyes front.
march.

To form the Company to its Right flank.

To the right forward form Leading sub-division Left
Company. shoulders forward—Forward,
Halt, Dress. 2nd Sub-division
(Left oblique till clear of the right
Sub-division)—Left shoulders
forward—Forward, Halt, Dress
up.
S. 22. Company moving to the front, to gain ground to a flank, by
march in echellon, by sections.
Sections right—Forward.
To form Company—
Form Company—Forward.
S. 23. To form the Rallying square.
Form the Rallying Square.
When the Square is to march
—The Square will move to the
front, (rear, right, or left,) * If ordered to fire, the
Inwards Face—quick march— Standing ranks only will
Halt—Prepare to resist Cavalry commence an independent fire.
—Ready.*
Reduce the Square—Quick
march.
 MODE TO BE OBSERVED IN DISMISSING A COMPANY OFF PARADE.

Recover arms.
Right face.
Lodge arms.
In turning in a Guard, or Piquet, the same mode is to be observed.

MANNER OF INSPECTING A COMPANY ON PARADE.

Attention.
Fix bayonets.
Shoulder arms.
Rear rank take open order—March.
Slope arms.
The inspection of Arms will now take place
Carry arms.
Order arms.
Examine arms.
Return ramrods.
An inspection of the Appointments, Clothing, &c., is now to be
made.
Unfix bayonets.
Rear rank take close order—March.
Stand at ease.
 MOVEMENTS OF A BATTALION.

Part 3.—Section 1. Commands.

All words of command must be given short, quick, and
loud.
S. 2. Degrees of march.
The Slow step is particularly applicable to purposes of parade,
and occasionally to the march of extended lines.
The Quick march is the usual pace to be applied to all general
movements of Battalions, or greater bodies, in Column, or Line.
The Double march is only to be applied to the movements of
the Divisions of a battalion, except upon peculiar occasions for short
distances.
S. 3. Marching in line.
The March in line is generally adopted where the country is
open.
S. 4. Wheeling.
Wheels are made on a Halted pivot from Line into Column, and
from Column into Line. The principle of the Moveable pivot must
always be applied to the wheel of divisions marching in column.
Wheels of divisions may be either made forward, or backward. In
progressive movements they are to be made Forward, but particular
occasions require that they should be made Backward on the pivot
flank. The Backwards wheel need not, however, be practised where
the ground is uneven, and the Divisions stronger than 15 or 16 files:
where this is the case, the Command will be
Form open column, right (or left)
in front—Right about face—
Halt, Front.
Right (or left) wheel—Quick
march.
 S. 5. Movements.
Every movement must be divided into its distinct parts, and
each part executed by its cautionary and executive words of
command. All field movements and firings are to be performed with
fixed bayonets, except when troops are acting as Light infantry.
S. 6. The Alignement.
To march in an Alignement is to make troops march in any
straight line, which joins two given points—or to form upon any such
given line. When troops are to form in a straight line, two necessary
points in it must always be previously ascertained. One, the point of
Appui at which one flank of the Body is to be placed, and the other
the distant point of formation or dressing, on which the front of the
body is directed.
S. 7. Points of formation.
The line on which troops move, or are successively to form,
may be taken up to any extent by the prolongation of an original
short base, given in the direction which the Commander of a line will
point out.
S. 8. Dressing.
The Officer in dressing is placed on that flank of his division to
which the men’s eyes are turned on the word “Dress,” and from the
second file from the flank of the Company towards which his
wheeling flank moves from column, or his inward flank from
echellon: he makes his corrections on his intermediate point. In all
wheelings into line the word “Eyes Front” will be given as soon as the
dressing is completed. When Officers change from one flank to the
other in order to close, they will pass by the front, and repass by the
rear of their Companies. On all other occasions, when it is necessary
to change their flanks in line, they will pass and repass by the rear.
S. 9. Open column.
 All changes of position, by means of the Open column, will be
effected by the formation of a column, right or left, in front, on the
named division. If on a flank division, the caution will specify
whether the other flank is to be thrown back, or forward: if on a
central division, the caution will in like manner specify which wing is
to be thrown forward. An open column may effect a change of
position upon its front, rear, or any central division by the named
division wheeling up according to the front to which it is intended to
change; and the other divisions facing, and filing into the new
alignement.
S. 10. Column at Quarter distance, and Close column.
When Close columns are formed, the Companies or Divisions
must be at one pace distance. In the wheel of a Column at quarter
or close distance, the leading division acts as a moving base for the
rear Companies to follow; its length of step is regulated according to
the depth of the column, and when at quarter distance must be very
short to enable the rear to circle simultaneously round at the usual
pace. Upon the wheel being ordered, all the rear divisions make a
half face to the wheeling flank; but at a quarter distance, the leading
division will advance six paces on the word “Quick (or Double) March,”
and will wheel round the pivot file at a shortened pace, while each
succeeding division will advance, in circling round, to quarter
distance, which will leave room for the rear divisions to circle into
their relative positions at that distance. In wheeling on the Moveable
pivot, the rear divisions make a half turn towards the shoulder
brought forward, and the front division wheels and advances at a
shortened pace in the new direction, the rear divisions circling
round. In Close column, the supernumeraries will form on the
reverse flanks of companies; and when the column marches to a
flank, they will move with their companies; when the Close column is
to countermarch they will remain on the reverse flank, and
countermarch on their own ground. When a Column deploys on a
rear division, the named division when uncovered will move up to
the front (which its covering Serjeant will mark); the points,
therefore, necessary for the formation of the Battalion will be taken
in prolongation of these points, and the Divisions which successively
move up must Halt, Front, until their front is clear.
S. 11. Echellon.
The Echellon position and movements are applicable to the
oblique or direct changes of situation, which a Battalion may be
obliged to make to the front or rear, or on a particular fixed division
of the line. The oblique changes are produced by the wheel (less
than the quarter circle) of divisions, which places them in the
echellon situation. The direct changes are produced by the
perpendicular and successive march of divisions from line to front or
rear. In Echellon, the inner flank, (or that which first joins its
preceding division when the line is to be formed forward,) is the
directing one; and in Oblique echellon the wheels are made on it,
into echellon—forward, and into line—backward.
Practical rule for the Battalion and Line on all occasions of
Wheeling by Companies into echellon.
“Each covering Serjeant having previously placed himself before
or behind a given file (the 8th) from the standing flank, will take
the named number of paces from the centre of that file on the arc
of the circle, and thereby become a direction for the Company to
wheel up to, and halt.”
As eight paces from the eighth file complete the Quarter circle,
so four paces give the One-eighth, and two paces the One-sixteenth
of the circle. All changes of front by the Echellon march are
performed by the forming divisions wheeling half the angle wheeled
by the division to be formed upon. In all changes of position by
echellon, whether direct or oblique, the leaders of companies will
invariably be on that flank towards which the change of position is to
be made. But in taking ground to a flank on the march, in echellon
of Sub-divisions or Sections, Companies’ leaders remain in their
places as when in line.
S. 12. Squares.
 Squares are formed either from Line, or from Column at full,
half, or quarter distance. The Hollow square, four deep, is sufficiently
solid to oppose an attack of Cavalry: it possesses, at the same time
the advantage of rendering the fire of all the men available to the
resistance of the enemy. The Solid square should seldom be
adopted, because a proportion of the men cannot give their fire.
Close columns should in all cases when practicable, open therefore
to quarter distance, and form Square (as in Sec. 21, No. 1, Part III.).
But as every position in which a Battalion may be placed should be
susceptible of ready resistance against Cavalry, the Close column can
always assume an efficient posture of defence, by the six centre
Companies wheeling outwards by Threes, and closing to the front,
and the two rear Companies facing to the right about: the Officers
and Serjeants taking post in the centre. The wing of a battalion can
in like manner form the solid square from a Close column of Sub-
divisions. When Cavalry is not to be resisted, it will be sufficient to
form the Square two deep to the rear. The formation of Battalion
squares, either from Line or Column, is to be completed as
expeditiously as possible; and the Squares may afterwards be placed
in direct echellon for mutual defence.
S. 13. Firings.
In all movements, Firing should commence after a formation. In
firing by Companies, the Leaders will give the Word “Ready” when
the previous division fires, preserving the pause of slow time
between this and “Present,” the men firing when they have covered
their objects. In firing by wings, one wing will receive the word
“Ready,” the instant the other has completed its loading. Great care
must be taken in file firing that it is not hurried, and that the men
“Present” deliberately. The value of a soldier’s ammunition, and a
jealousy of its expenditure without effect, must be carefully
inculcated; for in proportion as a cool and well-directed fire serves to
distract and throw an enemy into disorder, so is a wild, confused,
and hurried fire (which is always without effect) calculated to give
him confidence, and a contempt for his opponent. Soldiers should,
therefore, bear in mind that nothing makes so strong an impression
on an enemy, as the thinning of his ranks by a well-directed fire; and
that nothing tends more to animate and encourage troops than the
diminished fire from ranks so thinned; affording also the most
favourable opportunity for a successful charge. In firing in square,
the two front ranks are to come to the kneeling position without
cocking, on preparing to receive cavalry. The standing ranks in
square will fire independently from the right of faces.
Street firing.
A Column at open, half, or quarter distance, formed in a street or
narrow ground where deployment is impracticable, may be required
to fire previous to charging forward, or by successive divisions in
retiring. It will be performed in the following manner:—
If advancing, the two front Companies only will fire in succession;
the leading Company firing and loading kneeling, the second
Company closing to the front, and firing standing. When the enemy’s
fire has been overcome, or at any favourable moment that may
present itself, the column will charge briskly forward, and make good
the ground it is contending for.
In retiring, the leading division will give its fire; Slope arms; Face
outwards by sub-divisions; File to the rear; Re-form Company; Load;
and remain halted, until its front is again clear, or the whole column
is put in motion. The moment the front of the second company is
clear, it will give its fire; Face outwards by sub-divisions; and file to
the rear as above directed: and so on by companies in succession:
the companies thus follow each other, and when the front of the
column occupies the whole breadth of the street, the outward files
of companies will double in the rear, to give the companies which
have fired room to pass. It must never be forgotten, in entering
towns or villages occupied by the enemy, that the first thing to be
done, on gaining a footing in the place, is to clear the houses on
both flanks, and the column should on no account proceed through
the streets without previously occupying the houses on either side;
the troops employed for that purpose breaking through partition
walls, or pushing on from house to house, so as to accompany the
march of the main body, and protect its flanks.

FORMATION OF THE BATTALION.

When the Battalion is formed, there is to be no interval between

any of the Companies, and every part of the front of the Battalion
should be equally strong. The Grenadiers will be on the right, Light
company on the left, the other companies from right to left. The
Battalion will be told off into Right, and Left wings.

FORMATION OF THE BATTALION, AT CLOSE ORDER.

The Commanding officer is advanced in front for the general

purpose of exercise when the Battalion is single; but in the March in
line, and in the firings, he is in the rear of the Colours. The
Lieutenant-colonel is behind the colours, twelve paces from the
supernumerary rank. The 1st Major is six paces in the rear of the
second Battalion company from the right flank; 2nd Major at the
same distance in the rear of the second Battalion company from the
left; the Adjutant at the same distance in rear of the colours. One
Officer is on the right of the front rank of each company, and One on
the left of the Battalion; all these are covered in the rear rank by
their respective Serjeants; and the remaining Officers and Serjeants
are in a third rank behind their companies. The colours are placed
(both in the front rank) between the two Centre companies. The
supernumerary rank is at three paces distance when in Line; and
when in Column, it is at the distance of one pace.
When the Battalion takes Open order.
Rear Rank take Open Order—
Officers of Companies and
March.
those with the Colours dress
three paces in front of the Line.
The 1st Major is on the right of
the Officers, the 2nd Major on
the left. The Adjutant on the left
 of the front rank. The Colonel
ten paces, and the Lieutenant-
colonel six paces, in front of the
Colours.

When the Battalion resumes Close order.

Rear Rank take Close Order—
March.

EVOLUTIONS OF THE BATTALION.

MOVEMENTS OF THE BATTALION FROM LINE.

S. 14. 1. The Battalion halted, and correctly dressed, is to advance

in Line.
Commander’s Executive Words of command,
Words of command. Directions, &c.
The Battalion will advance—March
(or Quick march)—Halt.
2. When the Battalion is to retire.
The Battalion will retire—Right
about face—Quick March.

3. While advancing in Line, the Battalion may form to either flank

by the Divisions wheeling to the Bight (or Left) on the Moveable
pivot, and forming on the flank Company (which will be halted in the
direction of the new front) by the Echellon march of divisions.
S. 15. When a Battalion advancing in Line is to charge.
Prepare to charge—Charge—Halt.

S. 16. When a Battalion moving in Line passes a wood, &c., to

Front or Rear, by the flank march of Companies in file.
 1. If to pass to the Front.
From the right (or left) of
Companies pass by files to the
front. Companies, right (or left)
turn—Right (or left) wheel.

2. If to pass to the Rear.*

From the proper right (or left) of
* The Battalion in Line having
Companies pass by files to the
arrived at the point where it
rear—left (or right) turn—
must break. Companies may also
Right (or left) wheel—Halt—
pass to the front or rear by
Front.
Sections of Threes.

3. If a Battalion in first Line passes through a second, which

advances and relieves it.
Pass by files to the rear—Right
The relieving Battalion
face—Right wheel—Quick march
marches up within twelve Paces
—Halt—Front.
of the front Line, the Companies
of which proceed to the rear
through the second Line.

4. When the second Line does not advance to relieve the first.
Pass by files to the rear—Left turn
The first Line retires, and
—Right wheel.
when within twelve paces passes
through the second.

S. 17. When the Battalion advances, or retires, by half Battalion,

and fires.
1. If the Battalion is in march, and advancing.
The Battalion will advance by * After having advanced 15
wings. (2nd Major) Left wing, paces.
halt—March (or quick march).
 (Senior Major)* Right wing,
halt—Ready—Present—Load—
March (or quick march). (2nd
Major) Left wing, halt—Ready,
&c.
2. If the Battalion is in march, and retiring.
The Battalion will retire by wings.
(Senior Major) Right wing, halt
—Front. (2nd Major)* Left
* After retiring 15 paces.
wing, halt—Front. (Senior
Major) Right wing, ready—
Present—Load—Right about face
† When Right wing has retired
—March (or quick march). (2nd
15 paces.
Major) Left wing, halt—Front.
†Left wing, ready—Present—
Load, &c.
S. 18. A Battalion in Line to move to attack, or pass a bridge, &c.,
to the front, from either flank, or from the centre.
1. If from a Flank, by Companies, or Sub-divisions.
Right (or left) Division to the
front.—Remaining Divisions, Rear Divisions successively—
right (or left) shoulders Right (or left) shoulders forward
forward—Quick march— —Forward.
Forward.
2. When the Column arrives near the point where the Line is to re-
form.
Form line on the first Division— Leading Division, Halt, Dress
Remaining Divisions, right (or up.
left) shoulders forward— Remaining Divisions successively
Forward. —Right (or left) shoulders
forward—Forward.—Halt—Dress
up—Eyes front.
 3. If the advance is from the Centre.
Two centre Sub-divisions to the Right wing Sub-divisions first
front. throw Right shoulders, and
Remaining Sub-divisions, right afterwards Left shoulders
and left shoulders forward— forward.
Quick March—Forward.
Left wing Sub-divisions first
throw Left shoulders, and
afterwards Right shoulders
forward, Sub-divisions
successively—Forward.
4. When the Double column arrives near the point where the Line
is to be formed.
Form line on two centre Sub- Remaining Sub-divisions
divisions.—Remaining Sub- successively—Right (or left)
divisions, right and left shoulders forward—Forward—
shoulders forward—Forward. Halt—Dress up—Eyes front.
5. To form Line to the right, from the Double column.
Form line to the right—Right wing Right wing Sub-divisions—Halt,
left shoulders forward. Dress. Left wing Sub-divisions
successively—Left shoulders
forward—Forward—Halt, Dress
up—Eyes front.
S. 19. A Battalion in Line to retire over a bridge, or defile, or
retreat from a Flank or Flanks, in rear of the Centre.
1. If from a flank.
Retire Companies (or Sub-
by Left (or Right) Company—
divisions) from the left (or Company (or Sub-division)—
right) in rear of the right (or Right about face—Quick march—
left). Right (or Left) shoulders forward
—Forward. When at inward flank
 of right (or left) Division—Right
(or left) shoulders forward—
Forward.
The other Divisions follow in
succession.
2. If the Retreat is from both flanks.
Retire from both flanks by sub- Right (or left) Sub-division—
divisions in rear of the centre. Right about face—Quick march—
Right (or left) shoulders forward
—Forward. When arrived at the
proper points—Right (or left)
shoulders forward—Forward.
Remaining right, and left Sub-
divisions follow in succession.
Two centre Sub-divisions, when
the Divisions next to them have
commenced their second wheel
—Right about face—Quick
march.
S. 20. A Battalion in Line to march off in Column of divisions,
successively to a flank.
1. If the Movement is along the rear, and from the right flank.
The Battalion will move in Column Right Division (or Section)—
of Divisions (or Sections) from Left face—Left wheel—Quick
the right along the rear. march—Front turn.
2. When the Movement is from the left flank.
Left Division (or Section)—
Right face—Right wheel—Quick
march—Front turn.
In both movements the Divisions follow in succession the leading
division.
 S. 21. When the Battalion, halted in Line, is to form Square on a
named Company, or on two centre Sub-divisions.
1. If on a Central company.
Column at quarter distance on the When the Companies reach
right (or left) centre Company— their places in Column, they
Threes, right and left shoulders receive successively Threes right
forward—Double march, (or left) shoulders forward—Halt,
Dress.
Form square—Quick march. The two rear Companies close
When the Second Company up, and form the rear face of the
has closed upon the front Square, receiving
Company, which stands fast— Halt—Right about face.
Sections outwards. The remaining Companies wheel
outwards by Sections, the rear
Sections closing to the front,
after the wheel.
2. If on a Flank Company, and to a flank.
Square on the right (or left) Leading Company—Halt.
Company—Companies right (or Second Company closes on it—
left) shoulders forward—Double Halt.
march—Forward. Remainder (except the two last
Companies), as they
successively arrive at Quarter
distance—
Sections outwards. Two last
Companies when closed up—
Halt—Right about face.
3. When the Square is to resist Cavalry.
Prepare for Cavalry —Ready. The Kneeling ranks do not
*Kneeling ranks—Ready— cock until required to fire.
Present—Load. The Standing ranks fire by Files.
 Prepare for Cavalry (or shoulder * The Kneeling ranks, when
arms). required to fire a volley.
4. To reduce the Square.
Re-form column. Rear sections of side Faces
step back to wheeling distance,
Quick march. pivot men facing to their proper
front, and at Quick march wheel
backwards—Halt, Dress. Front
Company advances to quarter
distance—Halt, Dress. Two rear
Companies retire—Halt, Front,
Dress.
5. If the Square is to be formed on the two centre Sub-divisions.
On the two centre Sub-divisions The outer Sub-divisions of the
form square. two centre Companies face
inwards, and leading files
disengage; the two flank
Companies face inwards, and the
remaining Companies of the
Battalion face to the right about.
Right and left shoulders forward. No. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 Companies,
Sections successively, Halt,
Front. The two centre Sub-
Quick march. divisions close by the side step,
upon the interval left by the
Colours. The Sub-divisions of the
two flank Companies are
conducted to form the rear Face,
the right Sub-division of the
Grenadiers covering its left Sub-
division, and the left Sub-division
of the Light Company covering
its right Sub-division, each
 receiving Halt, Right (or Left)
face.
6. To reduce the Square and form Line.
Re-form line—Quick (or double) The flank Companies face
march. outwards; and the rear Sub-
divisions of the centre face
outwards, and file into line at
Quick (or double) march—Halt,
Front, Dress. The two centre
Sub-divisions open by the side
step to right, and left. The flank
Companies move in file to their
respective places. The other
Companies deploy by Sections
and (when at their places)
receive Right (or left) shoulders
forward—Forward—Halt, Dress
up.
7. But should it have been previously necessary to move the
Square.
Form double column ofSub- The rear Sub-divisions of the
divisions—Quick march. side faces fall back to Section
distance, and the Pivot men face
to their proper front, and at
Quick march, the Sections which
formed the side faces wheel
backwards; and the two Sub-
divisions of the front face, and
four Sub-divisions of the rear
face, advance to quarter
distance. The Sub-divisions of
front face receive—Halt. Sub-
 divisions of the rear face receive
—Halt—Front.
8. When the Line is retiring, the Square may be formed at once
without halting.
On two centre Sub-divisions form The two centre Sub-divisions
square. Halt—Front. The outer Sub-
divisions of centre Companies
“Inwards turn,” and the
formation will proceed (as
directed in No. 5, Section 21) at
the Double march.
S. 22. When the Battalion forms a Square, or Oblong two deep, to
protect baggage, &c., against Infantry.
1. Form square, two deep, on the The two centre Companies
two centre Companies. stand fast, remaining Companies
Remaining Companies, right and face to the rightabout, and at
left shoulders forward—Quick Quick march the two centre
march. Companies (4 and 5) close
inwards: the remainder right,
and left shoulders forward, and
move into Square. Nos. 1, 2, and
3, form the right face, 6, 7, and
8 the left face, the Grenadier,
and Light Infantry the rear face
of the Square, respectively
receiving Halt, Front, Dress.
2. When the Square or Oblong is to march by any one face.
The square will march to the front
(rear, right, or left) face.
Flank Faces—by sub-divisions on The rear face advances two
the right and left backwards paces and faces about—Halt,
wheel—Quick march. Dress.
 Quick march. The Square marches two faces
in Line, (by their centre,) and
two faces in Open column of
Sub-divisions.
Halt—Re-form square—Quick The Sub-divisions in column
march. wheel up and form their faces,
and the rear face will close up
and then face about.
3. To reduce the Square.
Form line—Right and left The two centre Companies
shoulders forward—Quick open out by the side step, to
march. leave room for the Colours.
Remaining Companies, Right (or
left) shoulders forward—Forward
—Halt, Dress up.
S. 23. A Battalion halted in Line, to change front to the rear upon
the centre.
Change front to the rear upon the Centre Companies—Right (or
centre. left) face—Right Counter-march
—Quick march—Halt, Front,
Dress up—Eyes front.
Remaining Companies, Threes The Companies pass each
right, and left shoulders other by the left, those of the
forward—Right and left Right wing describing a circle to
counter-march— Quick march. allow room for the others to
pass, and when in their proper
position—Right (or left)
shoulders forward—Forward—
Halt, Dress up—Eyes front.

CHANGES OF POSITION OF THE BATTALION FROM LINE BY MOVEMENTS

OF THE OPEN COLUMN ON A FIXED POINT.
 S. 24. The Battalion to change position to the front on the right
halted Company, by throwing forward the whole Left, and by the
flank march of Companies.
1. Form open column in front of If the change of front is to be
the rightCompany—Remaining at right angles with the old line,
Companies—Right face—Quick the right Company stands fast; if
march. oblique to it, that Company will
wheel back on the right flank as
many paces as will make it
perpendicular to the new
direction. Remaining Companies
face to the right, and disengage
to the left—Halt, Front, Dress.
Right wheel into line. Halt, Dress—Eyes front.
2. The Battalion may change its position to the Left, Right thrown
forward, by the formation of the Open column in front of the left
halted Company.
3. If the Change of position is effected by the formation of the
Open column on a central Company, the caution will specify which
flank is to be thrown forward. The Companies face inwards, and
disengage.
4. When a Battalion is to change position on a flank halted
Company, by throwing back the other flank.
Form open column in rear of the
right (or left)
Company— Remaining Companies—Halt,
Remaining Companies— Right (or Front, Dress.
left) face— Quick march.

Right (or left) wheel into line—

Halt, Dress—Eyes front.
Quick march.

ON A DISTANT POINT.
 S. 25. The Battalion in line changes position by breaking into Open
column, marching up in column to the point where its head is to
remain, and entering the line by the flank march of Companies.
Right (or left) face—Quick march. The Battalion in Open column
Halt. to form at a point where its
leading flank is to be placed,
receives—Halt— when its leading
division is at wheeling distance
short of that point.
S. 26. The Battalion formed in line, changes position by breaking
into Open column, marching to a point where its head is to rest, and
to which its rear divisions form, by successively passing each other,
and wheeling up.
Form line to the reverse flank. Leading division—Right (or
left) shoulders forward—Forward
—Halt, Dress. Remaining
divisions successively—Right (or
left) shoulders forward—Forward
—Halt, Dress up.

OPEN COLUMN MOVEMENTS.

S. 27. When the leading flank of the Column is changed by the

successive march of Divisions from the rear to the front.
Halt— If Right in front; Rear
By successive divisions —Rear Company—Right face—Quick
wing to the front. march—Front turn. Remaining
Divisions in succession, when
their rear Division passes them—
Right face—Quick march—Front
turn.
If left in front, the rear
Divisions are faced to the left.
 S. 28. To change the Wings of a column formed upon a road,
where the space does not admit of the Flank movement.
By double files from the centre, Rear Company—Inwards face,
rear wing to the front. Two by Files from the centre.
Sections outwards
centre wheel Remaining Companies*—Halt,
—Quick march.* Dress. Rear Division when clear
of the column—Form Company—
Forward. Remaining Divisions in
succession when clear—Inwards
face—Quick march—Form
Company—Forward.
S. 29. When the Column, at open, or half distance, is required to
form a Square.
1. If the Square is to be formed on the front Company.
Form square upon the front
(Vide S. 21, No. 2.)
Company—Quick march.
2. If upon a central Company.
Form square on the right (or left) The Officer commanding the
centre Company—Right (or left) named Division, gives—Sections
wing—Right about face—Quick outwards; the rear Sections
(or double) march. closing on the front Sections.
The Left wing will close to
Section distance, and the
Companies receive, in succession
—Sections outwards; the Right
Wing will move to the Centre,
rear Rank in front, and when
each Company shall close up to
the one preceding it, Companies
3, 4, 5, 6, Front turn, Sections
outwards, and the rear Sections
close to the front. Nos. 1 and 2
 —Halt, Front,—Nos. 7 and 8—
Halt, Right about face.
3. If an Open column, moving to front, or rear in File, or Sections
of Threes, be attacked by Cavalry.
If in File.
Form square on the centre—Wings The Divisions turn to the right,
inward turn—Double march. and left; and if the Column be
right in front, when the left
centre Company has turned it
receives—Sections outwards; the
Wings close on the centre, at the
double march, and each
Company wheels outwards into
Square; as in No. 2.
If the Column is moving in Sections of Threes.
Right (or left) shoulders forward. The Formation proceeds as
Forward—Square on the centre before.
—Right wing, right about turn— The Column is re-formed as
Double. directed in S. 21, No. 4.

QUARTER DISTANCE, AND CLOSE COLUMN.

S. 30. When a Battalion forms a close, or quarter distance Column,

from Line.
1. If a Close Column before, or behind, either of the flank
Companies.
Form close (or quarter distance)
column on —— Company, right All except the named Company
(or left) in front—Right (or —Halt, Front, Dress.
left) face—Quick march.

2. On a central Company.