Answer the following questions about the circuits:
Q1: Which of the circuit is a parallel circuit?
Circuit B is a parallel circuit.
Q2: Which of the circuit is a series circuit?
Circuit A is a series circuit.
Q3: Which of the circuit is a mixed circuit?
Circuit C is a mixed circuit.
Q4: In circuit A, which elements would have the same current?
All of the elements
Q5: In circuit C, which elements would have the same electric potential?
The battery and R1 only
Analyze each circuit. Use the information given in the following tables and then complete
each table.
Circuit A
V (v) I (A) R (Ω)
Battery 12v 2A 6Ω
Lamp 1 4v 2A 2Ω
Lamp 2 5v 2A 2.5Ω
Lamp 3 3v 2A 1.5Ω Circuit B
V(v) I(A) R(Ω)
battery 12v 2A 6Ω
Lamp 1 12v 1A 12Ω
Lamp 2 12v 0.2A 60Ω
Lamp 3 12v 0.8A 15Ω
Circuit C
V(v) I(A) R(Ω)
battery 6v 0.6A 10Ω
R1 6v 0.6A 10Ω
R2 3v 0.4A 7.5Ω
R3 3v 0.2A 15Ω
Task 2: Electromagnetism Decide which formula or right-hand rule you need to use and complete the following
calculations. Make sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits and units.
1. A transformer has 100 turns in its primary coil, a voltage of 10.8 V in its secondary coil, and
a voltage of 120 V in its primary coil. What is the number of turns in the secondary coil? 𝑁𝑝 = 100 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠
𝑉𝑠 = 10.8𝑉 𝑉𝑝 = 120𝑉
𝑁𝑠 = ? 𝑉𝑝 𝑁𝑝 = 𝑉𝑠 𝑁𝑠
𝑉𝑠 𝑁𝑝 𝑁𝑠 = 𝑉𝑝 (10.8𝑉)(100 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠) 𝑁𝑠 = 120𝑉 𝑁𝑠 = 9
Therefore, there is 9 turns in the secondary coil.
1. An electric kettle is connected to a 120 V supply and has a resistance of 25 Ω. What is the current flow in the kettle?
𝑉 = 120𝑉 𝑅 = 25Ω 𝐼 =?
𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅 𝑉 𝐼= 𝑅 120𝑉 𝐼= 25𝛺 𝐼 = 4.8𝐴 Therefore, the current flow in the kettle is 4.8A 2. A) state whether the magnetic fields around each wire are clockwise or counter-clockwise. Will the wires attract or repel each other?
Counter-clockwise Clockwise
Current out of the page current into the page
The wires will attract each other because they are opposites and according to the law of magnetic poles, opposite magnetic poles attract, similar magnetic poles repel.
b) What will the direction of the force on the wire be?
The dot means that the current is going out of the page. Using the right-hand rule for the motor principle, when you point your thumb to the left ( towards the north pole) your fingers curl upwards meaning that the current flows counter clockwise and your palm is facing up. With this information, we can conclude that the force on the wire will be upwards. 3. When she went away for the weekend, Celia left her TV on by mistake. The TV has a power rating of 200.0 W. She was away from 6 p.m. on Friday night until 9 p.m. on Sunday. How much energy did leaving the TV on use? Give your answer in kWh.
Convert 200.0W to kW
200.0𝑊 1000 = 0.2𝑘𝑊
𝑃 = 0.2𝑘𝑊 𝑡 = 51 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
∆𝐸 = 𝑝∆𝑡 ∆𝐸 = (0.2𝑘𝑊)(51 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠) ∆𝐸 = 10.2𝑘𝑊ℎ
Therefore, leaving the tv on used 10.2kWh of energy.
4. If electricity costs 11.3 ¢per kWh, find out how much leaving the TV on costs her.
Therefore, it costs Celia $1.15 for leaving the tv on.
Task 3: Lenz’s law
1. Look at the following diagram
• copy the diagram and then label the poles for the induced magnetic field and the direction
of the induced current
• explain what would happen to the magnetic field and the current if the direction of motion of
the magnet is reversed
• explain what would happen to the magnetic field and the current if the magnet is moved
more quickly in the same direction
• explain what would happen to the magnetic field and the current if the magnet is moved
rapidly back and forth
If the motion of the magnet is reversed, the direction of the current becomes reversed. Now, the direction of the current is flowing downwards ( clockwise) because our north pole is now on the right end of the coil. If the magnet is moved more quickly in the same direction, this will cause the magnitude of the current to be smaller or larger and the rate at which the magnetic field changes to be faster or slower depending on the speed of the magnet into or out of the coil.
If the magnet is moved rapidly back and forth, this will cause the magnitude of the current to be larger and for the magnetic field to have a greater rate of change.
Task 4: Power distribution
Give two reasons why transformers are an important part of the power distribution grid.
1. Voltage regulation:
Transformers are needed to change the voltage levels of electricity by using step-up and step-down transformers. Generators produce power at low voltage and high current so first we must use a step-up transformer to lower the current and increase the voltage. Before the electricity is delivered to homes it goes through a step-up transformer to increase the current and decrease the voltage. This helps to regulate the voltage so that it is safe to use and to prevent things like power outages from happening.
2. Power transmission
Transformers are also a very important part of being able to transmit electrical power over long distances. Higher voltage transmission reduces energy loss due to the resistance in the transmission lines. This makes transmitting power over long distances more cost effective. Multiple transformers are used along the way of transmission ( step-up and step-down) to regulate the power to the necessary level for distribution.
