Use of Gerund N Bare in

Use of Bare Infinitive
1. After model auxiliary verbs: can, could, may, might, must, will, would, should, ought, to
have to, needn’t, daren’t, need only, used to etc.
For Example:
i. She can read French language.
ii. He used to fly kites in his childhood.
2. After fixed phrases like had better, would rather

For Example:
i. He had better leave.
ii. I would rather sleep than work.
But
3. Subject + would rather + suitable person + 3rd form of the verb
For Example:
i. I would rather he opened the oyster.
4. In that clause of sub junction mood

For Example:
i. The teacher recommended that the students be on time .( subjunctive structure)
5. With causative verbs like let, make, have (Active Structures)
For Example:
i. Let us go.
ii. He made me laugh in his company.
6. After ‘but’ and except generally.

For Example:
i. She could do nothing but fall on the bed.
7. After certain verbs (verbs of perception) e.g. set, watch, bid, let, make, hear
For Example:
i. I heard him sing.
8. After ‘Why’ when making suggestions.

For Example:
i. Why spend money on such luxuries we can’t afford.
Use of Gerund
1. With words ( nouns,verbs, adjectives) having pet prepositions with them.
For Example:
He is keen on learning new skills.
She is averse to going out in social gatherings.
2. With fixed phrases like :
Look forward to, With a view to, Would + subject + mind, S+ can’t help/
can’t resist , It is of no use …etc.
For Example:
We are looking forward to getting some more opportunities.
She can’t resist helping others in crisis.
Would you mind my using your computer.
Note: we use possessive adjectives before gerunds. It is obsolete to use
objective case of pronoun before gerunds.
For Example:
He remembered me helping him .( Incorrect)
He remembered my helping him.( correct)
3. Some verbs always take gerund after them.
For Example:
F- Finish
E- Enjoy
A-Avoid
R-Resist+ Remember
S-Stop
Below is the list of Verbs followed by gerunds:
Celebrate,Miss,Prevent,Finish
Appreciate ,Regret,Discontinue
Recall,Tolerate,Dislike
Recollect,Consider,Start,Lik
Recommend,Imagine,Delay,Report
Recall,Encourage,Complete,Defend
Admit,Try,Practice
4 . Gerunds/ their equivalent s are also used after phrasal verbs .
For Example:
When will you give up smoking?
She always puts off going to the dentist.
He kept on asking for money.
Jim ended up buying a new TV after his old one broke.
Used to Vs Be Used to/ Get used to
Used to:
We use used to + infinitive to talk about a past situation that is no longer true. It tells us
that there was a repeated action or state in the past which has now changed.
Subject+ Used to + bare infinitive
For Example:
Katheine used to bicycle along the lake to meet Mr.Chips.
She used to be a long-distance runner when she was younger.
I didn’t use to sleep very well, but then I started doing yoga and it really helps.
Be Used to:
Be used to means ‘be familiar with’ or ‘be accustomed to’.
She is used to the city now and doesn’t get lost any more.
He wasn’t used to walking so much and his legs hurt after the hike.
I’m a teacher so I’m used to speaking in public.
Get Used to :
It indicates a process of becoming familiar with something.
For Example:
I’m finding this new job hard but I’m sure I’ll get used to it soon.
It took my mother years to get used to living in London after moving from Pakistan.
You will get used to me ( objective case of pronoun after preposition) in no time.
Verbs that take ‘As’ after them : Mnemonics ( P-M- 4D- 2R-T)
Portray, mention, describe,design ,depict define, regard, represent, treat.
Verbs that don’t take ‘As’ after the:
( in active structure)
N2-T2-C2
Name , Nominate ,Term , Think,Call, Consider
Non -Progressive Verbs:
Non – progressive verbs are the verbs that are not used in
continuous form. They can’t be used in present / past continuous
tenses.They can be divided into four sub categories:
A . Verbs of Thinking:
Suppose, Remember, Forget ,Argee, Consider , Think ,
Understand, Mean,Imagine, Believe, Know
B. Verbs of Perception :
Notice, Hear, Recognize, See, Smell
C . Verbs of Emotions:
Desire,Refuse,Love, Hate,Prefer, Feel,Wish, Want
D .Verbs of Possession:
Contain, Consist, Belong,Own, Possess ,Have
But
I have five sisters.
But
I am having pain in my leg ( at the moment of speaking)

Use of Gerund N Bare in

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Use of Bare Infinitive

2. After fixed phrases like had better, would rather

4. In that clause of sub junction mood

6. After ‘but’ and except generally.

8. After ‘Why’ when making suggestions.

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