BOSH for SO1

o Orientation
o Introduction to OSH & OSH Requirements
o Hazard Identification and Basic Controls
o Risk Assessment
o Workplace Emergency Preparedness
o Communicating OSH
o Employees' Compensation Program
o Workplace Prevention & Control of COVID-19 (Optional)
o Re-Entry Planning
o Final Synchronous Assessment
o Evaluations

Introduction to OSH & OSH Requirements

Importance of OSH
 Every worker has the right to a SAFE and HEALTHY workplace!
 Occupational Safety and Health is devoted to the recognition and control of
factors (hazards) in the workplace, which may cause death, disability, injury, sickness,
or great discomfort and inefficiency among the workers.

OSH
1. Material - Proper materials handling and storage
2. Equipment - Work equipment is defined as any machinery, appliance, apparatus,
tool or installation for use at work.
3. Environment - Occupation health and safety is focused on creating a safe and
healthy working environment, systematic search and evaluation of risks at work,
whether it is the workplace itself, ergonomic, tools, equipment, personal
protective equipment or hygiene of working environment.
4. People - OSH is focused on the safety and health protection of people during the
working process.
An expanded focus of OSH gives more insights in factors influencing worker health and
well-being which now beyond traditional OSH concerns because of the changing
demographic profiles, varying employment arrangements, increasing work demands,
increasing psychosocial hazards, and changing work environments (built and natural).
GENERAL CONCEPT
Lesson 1: Accident Causation and Prevention
1. 1. PEOPLE

 Workforce
 Management of the workforce
 Policies
 Behavior

2. 2. ENVIRONMENT

 Physical Surroundings
 Natural environment
 Community, social & legal influences

3. 3. MATERIAL

 Used, worked or made

2.
3. 4. EQUIPMENT

 Tools and Machinery

H. W. Heinrich, Domino Theory
Study of Accidents

 98% – Preventable
88% - Unsafe/Unhealthy Acts
10% - Unsafe/Unhealthy Conditions
 2%* – Non-Preventable

Accidents & Productivity

If a worker gets into an accident, there will be significant loss in productivity. He will not be
able to do his task. Domino Theory, “Accident” is one factor in a sequence that may lead to
injury.
As Safety Officers, you need to:
 Address /control these to prevent accidents from happening

Common Reasons for Accidents

Layman’s version:

 Oras na kasi niya, hayaan na siyang mamahinga!’

 ‘Ang malas naman niya!’
 ‘T**** kasi niya!’
 ‘Kasama sa trabaho yan!’

These are not real causes - - - only EXCUSES

Lesson 2: Unsafe and Unhealthy Acts and Conditions

Unsafe / Unhealthy ACT

 A human action that departs from a standard or written job procedure or common
practice, safety rules, regulations, or instructions.
 A violation of a commonly-accepted safe procedures and or processes.

What will you look for as safety officers?

Unsafe Acts

 Operating equipment without authority

 Removing safety devices
 Using Defective equipment
 Using improper/Not using of PPE
 Horse-playing

Unhealthy Acts

 Smoking cigarettes in the workplace

 Inhaling organic solvents
 Drinking alcoholic beverage during office hours
 Taking illegal drugs inside company premises

Factors contributing to Unsafe/Unhealthy Acts

 Improper Attitude
 Physical Limitation
 Lack of knowledge or skill
Unsafe/Unhealthy Condition
  The physical or chemical property of a material, machine or the environment that may
result in injury to a person, damage or destruction to property and other losses; could
have been guarded or prevented.

What will you look for as safety officers?

Unsafe Conditions

 Inadequate guards/protection
 Defective tools/equipment
 Congested/blocked exits
 Inadequate warning systems
 Slippery floors
 Hazardous atmospheric Condition

Unhealthy Condition

 Excessive Noise
 Inadequate illumination/ventilation
 Extreme temperature

Flow chart shows that with this factors more workers have
illnesses and accidents in US/UH Acts than to the US/UH
Conditions.
 1 DEATH

10 SERIOUS ACCIDENTS

100 MINOR INJURIES

1,000 HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES

10,000 UNSAFE ACTS OR

CONDITIONS

As safety officers, you need to:

 Identify the unsafe/unhealthy acts and conditions in
your workplaces
 Implement control measures to prevent accidents and
illnesses

Clear Points
 Accidents and injuries result to losses of lives, limbs, time and
property
 Most accidents at work could have been prevented. Unsafe and
unhealthy acts and conditions in the workplace must be addressed.
 Every workplace has different hazards, risk, levels of exposure.
Tailor fit your OSH response to your risk classification.
SALIENT FEATURES OF OSH LEGISLATIONS

Lesson 1: Legal Basis of OSH

 The OSH Standards (1978, amended in 1989) is set of mandatory rules on OSH
which codifies all safety orders issued prior to its promulgation.

The Legal Bases of Occupational Safety and Health in the Philippines

Lesson 2: Republic Act 11058 and its IRR
Lesson 3: Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Committee
Clear Points
 All establishments must comply with the RA 11058 and its IRR – DOLE DO
198 and the OSH Standards
 Employers, workers, Safety Officers, OSH Committee members have roles to
play to ensure the effective implementation of their OSH Programs
 The primary purpose of OSH Standards is NOT to penalize but compliance.
 OSH knows no boundaries (formal or informal, private and public sector).
 Modern OSH Management is proactive and preventive, considers health and
safety as part of all functions, and is system-oriented.
 Health and Safety is also a value, not just a priority.
 Safety is more towards behavior instead of being confined to rules and
regulations.
 In the long run, improving safety and health at work is a good investment with
promising returns like achieving a harmonious relationship in the workplace

Source of Illumination
Administrative OSH Requirements

Covered workplaces shall

develop and implement a
suitable OSH program in a
format prescribed by DOLE
which shall be posted in
prominent places.
 OSH Program
Covered workplaces shall develop and
implement a suitable OSH program in a
format prescribed by DOLE which shall be
posted in prominent places.

For establishments with less than 10

workers and low risk establishments with
10-50 workers - The OSH Program , which
shall be duly signed by the employer, must
include the following:
 1

1. Company commitment to comply with OSH requirements;

 2

2. General safety and health programs, including:

- Safety and health hazard identification, risk assessment and
control (HIRAC);
- Medical surveillance for early detection and management of
occupational and work-related diseases, and
- First aid and emergency medical services
3. Promotion of the following health domains:
- Drug-free workplace (RA 9165)
- Mental health services in the workplace
(RA11036), and
- Healthy lifestyle
 4

Prevention and control of the following health domains:

- Human Immunodificiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency
 Syndrome (HIV and AIDS) (RA 8504)
- Tuberculosis (EO 187-03), and
- Hepatitis B (DOLE DA 05-2010)
 5

Complete company or project details;

 6

Composition and duties of the OSH committee;

 7

OSH personnel and facilities;

 8

Safety and health promotion, training and education, including:

- Orientation of all workers on OSH, and
- Conduct of risk assessment, evaluation and control
 9

Conduct of toolbox or safety meetings and job safety analysis, if

applicable;
 10

10

Accident/incident/illness investigation, recording and reporting;

 11

11
 Provision and use of PPE;
 12

12

Provision of safety signage;

 13

13

Provision of workers' welfare facilities;

 14

14

Emergency and disaster preparedness and mandated drills;

 15

15

Solid waste management system; and

 16
16
Control and management of hazards

For medium to high-risk

establishments with 10-50
workers and low to high-risk
establishments with 51 workers
and above - The OSH Program,
which shall be duly signed by
the employer, must include at
least the following:
 1
1

Dust control managememnt, and regulations on activities such as building

of temporary structures, and lifting and operation of electrical, mechanical,
communication system, and other equipment;
 2

Prohibited acts and penalties for violations; and

 3
3
Cost of implementing company OSH program.

The OSH program shall be communicated

and be made readily available to all persons
in the workplace. It shall be updated
periodically whenever the DOLE, other
regulatory or government agencies and
institutions promulgate new rules,
guidelines and other issuances related to
workers’ safety and health.

A duly signed company commitment to

comply OSH requirements together with the
company OSH program using the prescribed
template shall be considered approved
upon submission EXCEPT for Construction
Safety and Health Program which shall
need approval by DOLE prior to
construction.
OSH programs in the pre-approved
template may be modified by DOLE as
necessary based on existing laws, rules and
regulations, and other issuances or upon
validation of the program during
inspection.

The company shall review and evaluate

the OSH program at least once a year or as
necessary, to ensure that its objectives are
met towards an improved safety and health
performance.

Workers' Competency
Certification
The PRC shall determine
the minimum and necessary
competency on safety and
health for OSH personnel and use
the same as equivalency in their
application for Continuing
Professional Development (CPD)
units.
In order to professionalize, upgrade and update the
level of competence of workers, TESDA or PRC,
shall establish national competency standards and
prepare guidelines on competency
assessment and certification for critical
occupations to include requirements on safety and
health.

An occupation can be considered

critical when:
Workers' Welfare Facilities
All other OSH Standards
All employers, contractors or
subcontractors, if any, shall comply
with other occupational safety and
health standards as provided for in
the 1978 DOLE Occupational Safety
and Health Standards, as amended.

Cost of Safety and Health

Program
The total cost of implementing a duly
approved OSH program shall be an integral
part of the operations cost.
 OSH Reports

All employers, contractors or

subcontractors, if any, shall submit to DOLE
all safety and health reports, and
notifications such as but not limited to
annual medical report (AMR), OSH
committee report, employer’s work
accident/injury report (WAIR), and annual
work accident/injury exposure data report
(AEDR).
 W
Work Accident and Illness Report (every 30th of the month)
 A
Annual Work Accident/Injury Exposure Data Report (January 30)
 R
Report of Safety Organization (annually)
 M
Minutes of OSH Committee Meeting (quarterly)
 A
Annual Medical Report (March 30)

The Department of Labor and Employment Establishment

Report System (DOLE ERS) is now ONLINE. The DOLE ERS is
an online System created for the submission of
documentary requirements mandated under the Labor
Code and other relevant laws and standards. At present,
employers may now submit the following Establishment
Reports in the comfort of your homes or workplaces:

1. Flexible Work Arrangement/Alternative Work Scheme

2. Temporary Closure
3. Retrenchment/Reduction of Workforce
4. Permanent Closure
5. WAIR
OSH Standards Rule 1020 -
Registration of Establishments
OSH Standards Rule 1040 –
Health and Safety Committee
WHERE TO WHEN TO
OSH RULE REPORT/FORM
FILE FILE

Report of Safety Within 1

Organization - month after
RULE 1040:
DOLE / BWC / IP - 2 copies, to be the
HEALTH
5 submitted to organization
AND
concerned RO
SAFETY
copy furnished
COMMITTE
the BWC
E
Minutes of the
meeting - No Quarterly
form needed

OSH Standards Rule 1050

– Notification & Keeping of
Accident and/or Occupational
Illnesses

REPORT/ WHERE TO WHEN TO

OSH RULE
FORM FILE FILE
RULE 1040: Work Accident On or before
Notification / Illness Report 2 copies, to be the 20th day
 REPORT/ WHERE TO
WHEN TO
OSH RULE
FORM FILE FILE
of the month
(WAIR) - following the
DOLE / BWC / date of
IP-6) WAIR occurrence of
and Keeping
of Accidents submitted to the accident
Annual concerned RO, On or before
and/or
Exposure Data copy furnish
Occupational January 30 of
Report (AEDR) the BWC
Illnesses the following
- DOLE / BWC /
year
IP-6b
Fatal / Major Within
Accident 24hours

Summary of OSH Administrative

Rules Based on OSH Standard as
amended
 N
Notification and Keeping of Records of Accidents and/or Occupational
Illnesses (Rule 1050)
 O
Occupational Health Services (Rule 1960)
 R
Registration of business (Rule 1020)
 T
Training and Accreditation of Personnel in OSH (Rule 1030)
 H
Health & Safety Committee (Rule 1040)
 Summary of Reportorial
Requirements Based on OSH
Standard as amended
 W
Work Accident and Illness Report (20th day, following month)
 A
Annual Work Accident/Injury Exposure Data Report (January 30)
 R
Report of Safety Organization (annually)
 M
Minutes of OSH Committee Meeting (quarterly)
 A
Annual Medical Report (March 30)

DOLE Issuances
Guidelines for the
Implementation of
Drug-Free Advocacy,
DO 53-03 Workplace Policies Information,
and Programs for Education &Training
the Private Sector

Guidelines for the

Implementation of
Policy and Program Preventive
DO 73-05 on Tuberculosis Strategies
(TB) Prevention and
Control in the
Workplace
Guidelines for the
Implementation of
HIV and AIDS
DO 102-10 Social Policy
Prevention and
Control in the
Workplace Program
 Guidelines for the
Implementation of a
Health Care
DA 05-10 Workplace Policy
Services
and Program on
Hepatitis B

Safety and Health

Measures for
Workers Who by the Benefits &
DO 178-17
Nature of Their Compensation
Work Must have to
Stand at Work

Guidelines for the

Implementation of
Mental Health Monitoring &
DO 208-20
Workplace Policies Enforcement
and Programs for
the Private Sector

Clear Points
 OSH Program to be successful needs a multi-discipline approach.
 OSH is not a one size fits all program as workplaces have its own
peculiarities and nuances.
 Capacity building of stakeholders is important to ensure the realization of
the law.
 The OSH Program further exemplifies that OSH is everybody's
responsibility.
 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND BASIC CONTROLS
Lesson1: Workplace Housekeeping

Safety / Direct Hazards

1. Hazards from poor housekeeping

2. Fire Hazards
3. Machine Related/ mechanical hazards; Hazardous motion
4. Hazard associated with materials handling
5. Electrical hazards\

Sign of poor housekeeping

1. Cluttered and poorly arranged areas

2. Materials gathering rust and dirt from disuse
3. Blocked aisle way
4. Untidy or dangerous storage of materials
5. Overflow storage areas and shelves
6. Presence of items no longer needed or in excess
7. Dusty, dirty floors and work surfaces
8. Tools and equipment left in work areas
9. No waste bins and containers
10. Presence of spills and leaks
Accidents from poor housekeeping

 Being hit by falling objects

 Tripping over loose objects on floors, stairs and platforms
 Slipping on greasy, wet or dirty surfaces
 Striking against projecting, poorly stacked items or misplaced material
 Cutting, puncturing, or tearing the skin of hands or other parts of the body on
projecting nails, wire or steel strapping
 Electrocution from exposed live wires

Planning a Good Housekeeping Program

5s is a tool that represents the basic principles of housekeeping and workplace
organization. It is more than cleaning and painting. It is a disciplined approach to keep the
workplace efficient and effective.

Benefits of 5s

 Maintains safe and healthy work conditions

 High morale. Employees feel good in their second home.
 Improve company image.
5S of Good Housekeeping
5s Description
Seiri  Identify and eliminate all
Sort unnecessary items from the
Suriin workplace

Seiton  Put all essential materials in a

Systematize systematic order
Sinupin
Seiso  Clean and/or polish the workplace
Sweep to attain a dirt or dust-free state
Simutin
 Develop procedures, schedules,
Seiketsu practices
Standardize  Regularly audit using checklists
Siguruhin and measures of housekeeping

 A condition where all members

Shitsuke practice the above 45
Self - Dicipline spontaneously and willingly as a
Sariling - kusa way of life
For a 5S & Housekeeping Program To Be Effective
1. Management commitment and employee support2
2. Housekeeping & 5s policy program and procedures
3. Training
4. Program evaluation
5. Recognition

Lesson 2: Safety in Material Handling & Storage

Materials Handling
A technique which includes the art of lifting, placing, storing or moving of materials
through the use of appropriate handling equipment and men

MANUAL HANDLING

 Is the of lifting, transporting and packaging of

products using own physical strength.
 Hand operated handling, transporting and packaging
of products
MECHANICAL HANDLING

 Is the of lifting, transporting and packaging of

products using own physical strength.
 Hand operated handling, transporting and packaging
of products

Hazards Associated with Materials Handling

 Failure of the lifting equipment

 Failing load
 Collision
 Trapped between objects
Material Handling - Mistakes that Cause Injuries

 Bending Back
 Twisting with load
 Attempting to much weight (load too heavy)
 Reaching too far
 Lifting to one side
 Off – balance shifting
 Failure to use PPE, such as gloves, safety shoes

Proper Procedure of Manual Lifting

1. Stand Close

Reminders:
Inspect materials for sharp edges, burrs, rough or slippery surface
Action :
 Stand close to the load and face the way you intend to move
Do wear...
lightweight, flexible, tear and puncture-resistant clothing,

2. Keep Feet Apart

Reminders:
Get a firm grip on the object
Action :
Keep feet apart
Do wear...
safety boots with toe caps and slip-resistant soles, and

3. Good Grip

Reminders:
Keep fingers away from pinch points, especially when setting down materials.
Action :
Be sure you have a good grip on the load
Do wear...
protective gloves, appropriate for the materials being handled.

4. Keep Back Straight

Reminders:
Wipe off greasy wet, slippery, or dirty objects before trying to handle them.
Action :
Look forward to keep back straight

5. Keep arms straight

Reminders:
Inspect materials for sharp edges, burrs, rough or slippery surface
Action :
Keep arms straight

6. Tighten abdominal muscles

Action:
Tighten abdominal muscles

7. Tuck chin into the chest

Action:
 Tuck chin into the chest

Mechanical Handling General Requirements

Principles of Materials Storage

Materials Storage Room General Requirements
1. Stored materials must not create a hazard.
2. Should be properly illuminated and ventilated.
3. Materials are properly identified and labeled (including hazard labels).
4. Should have proper danger or warning signs.
5. Must have a smooth flow of materials, material handling equipment and people.
6. Storage areas must be kept free from accumulated materials that may cause tripping,
fires, or explosions, or that may contribute to the harboring of rats and other pests.
7. When stacking and piling materials, it is important to be aware of such factors as the
materials' height and weight, how accessible the stored material is to the user, and the
condition of the containers where the materials are being stored.
8. Materials & material handling equipment should not obstruct emergency equipment
such as fire alarm buttons, evacuation map, first aid kits, fire extinguishers (portable
or fixed) etc.

Lesson 3: Machine Safety

Where Mechanical Hazards Occur
 Other moving parts

Power of transmission Point of operation

Hazards Associated with Machines

Projectile hazards
Work piece movement

noise

Exposed machine parts

Effects Of Machine Related Accidents

  Can result to severe injuries
 Loss of trained and skilled employee
 Loss in productivity
 Damaged Equipment

Machine Safety
Safeguarding any machine part that may cause injury. It is the prevention of accidents
when working with machines.

Prevents:

 Loss of Life
 Severe accidents or serious injury
 Loss of production
 Equipment damage and repairs
 Having time spent on accident investigation and other statutory
requirements

Machine Guards

 Guards are barriers that prevent entry of an individual’s hands or other body parts into
a hazard area.
 Installed to minimize the risk of injury to machine operators or other persons from
hazardous machine parts, materials being processed, or scrap.

MACHINE GUARD REQUIREMENTS

 Prevent employee contact with hazardous moving parts

 Secured and durable
 Prevent falling materials into moving parts
 Create no new hazards
 Must not interfere with worker productivity
 Should allow for proper and safe maintenance and lubrication
Preventing Dangerous Motion
Lock-out/Tag-out System (Loto)
Machine Safety Program
An effective Safety program must have the
following:
 Equipment/Machine inspection and maintenance
program.
 Installation of safety devices (Guards, relief valves,
provision for LOTO, interlocks, Limit switches, etc.)
 Compliance to regulatory requirements and
standards (e.g. mechanical permits, OSHS, etc.)

 Implementation of LOTO system.

 Having a machine operation and safety procedures.
 Machine alarm and warning signal system.
 Equipment/machine safety signages.
 Application of Job Hazard Analysis
 Lesson 4: Electrical Safety

What is Electricity?
 A form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles. Electricity is the flow of
moving electrons. When the electrons flow it is called an electrical current.
 bullet
Failure to ensure a safe design, proper work procedures, proper servicing and maintenance of
electrical equipment often result in bodily harm or death, property damage or both.

Clues That Electrical Hazards

Exist

1. worn or frayed insulation around wire or connection

2. Tripped circuit breaker or blown fuses
3. Warm tools, wires, cords, connections, or junction boxes
4. Circuit breaker that shuts off a circuits

More Frequent Accidents Happen

at Low Voltage Areas
1. Most employees work and move around in this area
2. Not all workers have the proper trainings and experience
3. It is treated as less dangerous
 Electrical Accidents
There are three direct and two indirect types of electrical accidents:

Direct:

 Electrocution or death due to electrical shock

 Electrical shock
 Burns

Indirect:

 Falls
 Fire

Causes of Electrical Accidents:

 Contact with live conductors
 Short circuiting
 Arcs and sparks
 Overloading
 Inadequate grounding
 Non-usage of standard replacement
 Wet environment
Protection Against Hazards of
Electricity
Lesson 5: Fire Safety

Fire

1. Oxygen – In sufficient quantities, combine with the fuel for combustion to

occur
2. Fuel – Can be any combustible material
3. Heat – Energy necessary to raise the temperature of the fuel and the oxygen to
a point at which they will react together

Common sources of Heat

1. Overloaded electrical system
2. Open flames
3. Smoking/ Cigarette Butts
4. Hot surface
5. Friction
6. Cutting/ Welding
7. Electrical Spark
Left: At 16% concentration,
combustion is slowed down and will
eventually diminish

Right: At 23% concentration, the

atmosphere is considered oxygen
enriched and fire will intensify.
Fires Can Be Classified According To The Fuel It Consumes
CLASS A

paper, wood, or plastic

CLASS B

Oil, gasoline, alcohol, grease, oil – based paints

CLASS C

Appliances, power tools, motors, electrical panels

CLASS D

Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium

CLASS K
Combustible vegetable or cooking fats

The Burning Process

Stages of Fire Development
Importance of Fire Safety

Life Safety
The primary goal of fire safety efforts is to protect building occupants
from injury and to prevent loss of life.

Property Protection
The secondary goal of fire safety is to prevent property damage.

Protection of Operations
By preventing fires and limiting damage we can assure that work
operations will continue.

Principles Of Fire Prevention And

Control
1. Prevent the Outbreak of Fire

 Provision of Hot Work Permit System

 Practice safe storage of chemicals
 Never overload a power outlet
 Smoke only in designated smoking areas
 Correct all defective wiring systems
2. Provide for Early Detection

A complete protective signaling and control system

including fire detection, alarm and communication
 Fire Alarms, Detectors, annunciators

3. Prevent the Spread of Fire

–
 Compartmentation
 Fixed Fire Protection System
 Sprinklers, Hydrants, Fire Hose/ Fire Hose Cabinets
4. Provide for Prompt Extinguishment
–
 Removal of Fuel
 Excluding or Limiting Oxygen
 Cooling
 By Interrupting the Chain Reaction

5. Provide for Prompt and Orderly Evacuation

–
 Fire emergency evacuation route maps/evacuation plans
 Working/active fire brigade team/ emergency response team
Using Portable Fire Extinguisher

PULL – Pull the pin

AIM – Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire. Start approximately 6-8 feet
from the fire
SQUEEZE – Squeeze the trigger slowly while moving towards the fire. 10-lb
fire extinguishers last 10-20 seconds. It should be used correctly.
SWEEP – Sweep from side to side, When the fire is extinguished, stop
pulling the trigger. In the event of a re-ignition, at least there would still be
contents inside the unit. Ensure that you have an escape path in case the
fire is not extinguished
Fire Brigade Organization

Fire Marshal – Complete monitoring and supervision of the situation

Firefighting Group - Supervises the firefighting and evacuation activities
of his area of responsibility
- Reports directly to fire Marshal
Evacuation Group – Provide full assistance on the proper evacuation of all
the occupants in the building
- Familiar with all the entry and exit points of the building
including the designated evacuation area
First Aid Group – Proper and immediate application of Basic First aid to the
victims
- Monitor the hospitals wherein the victims were brought
Fire Hose Handler – Performs actual firefighting in an emergency situation
and drills
Security and Communication Group – Call the nearest fire station or any
provided emergency hotline.
- Give public address in case of evacuation.
- Ensure the safety of the evacuation area and assist the
police in crowd control.
 Search and Rescue Group – Conduct initial search and rescue procedures
on the building.

Fire Safety Programs

 1

Fire Detection & Alarm System

 2

First Aid Fire Protection System

 3

Fixed Fire Protection System

 4

Fire Exit Doors, Fire Exit Signs, directional arrows

 5

Fire emergency evacuation route maps /evacuation plans

 6

Inspection & maintenance system of fire detection, alarm, control &

suppression systems.
 7

7
 Hot work permit system
 8

Fire Safety Training

 9

Conduct of drills
 10

10

Working / active fire brigade team / emergency response team

 11

11

Working / updated Emergency Response Plans

 12
12
Compliance to standards (OSHS, Fire Code)
 Clear Points

 A deteriorating housekeeping may be the first evidence of a deteriorating

safety and health program.
 bullet

Lifting and moving things at work is something you probably do every

day. Unfortunately, it’s also an everyday cause of disabling injuries and
even deaths!
 bullet

To produce fire, three things must be present at the time: Fuel, Heat and
Oxygen.
 bullet

Mechanical hazards occur: (1) at the point of operation, (2) power

transmission components and (3) other exposed moving parts of the
machine.
 bullet
Failure to ensure a safe design, proper work procedures, proper servicing
and maintenance of electrical equipment often result in bodily harm or
death, property damage or both.
Principles of Industrial Hygiene

What is Industrial Hygiene

Identification
What are Health Hazards?
Any condition (in the workplace) that may impair the health of
employees or cause significant discomfort (enough to make them lose
time from work
Health Hazards Classification

CHEMICAL – PHYSICAL – BIOLOGICAL - ERGONOMIC

Chemical Hazards
Nature or Forms of Chemical Hazards
 Chemical Hazards Nature / Form
Organic Solvents Vapor
Acids / Bases Mists
Dust / Particulates Powder / Fibers
Heavy Metal Fumes
Gases Gas

Vapors
 Gases formed when liquid evaporates
 The common organic solvents can be classified as
hydrocarbons (toluene), ketones (methyl ethyl
ketone), esters (ethyl acetate), ether (ethyl ether),
alcohols (ethyl alcohol)
 Associated with solvents, adhesives, alcohols, and
etc.

Mists
 Dispersion of liquid particles in the air
 Suspended liquid droplets when vapor condenses
back to liquid
  Associated with
acids, chlorine, formaldehyde, phenols, etc. &
processes like electroplating and spraying
 Common acids are hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric and
phosphoric acids.

Fumes
 Volatilized solid that condenses when they contact
air
 Very small, solid particles created when hot vapor
reacts with air to form an oxide
 Associated with molten metals & processes like
welding, metalizing and coating
 Examples : Lead, Iron, Chromium, Tin and Zinc Fumes
Gases
 Substances in the gaseous state at room
temperature and pressure.
 Have no warning odor at a dangerous concentration.

Dust
 Refers to the suspended solid particles in air
 Generated by physical processes such as handling,
grinding, drilling, milling and crushing operations
where solid materials are broken down.
Physical Hazards
Noise
 UNWANTED and EXCESSIVE sound
 form of vibration conducted through solids, liquids, or
gases
 Arms' Length Rule
“If two (2) people with no hearing impairment have to raise their voices or shout to be heard
in a distance of less than arm’s length from each other, the sound level is potentially
hazardous.”

Vibration
- Transmission of
mechanical energy from
sources of oscillation.
Illumination

Illumination
Is the measure of stream of light falling on a surface.
Source of Illumination
NATURAL

ARTIFICIAL