DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL BULANDSHAHR

SUBJECT: PHYSICS CLASS: XII DATE: 03.04.24

CH: 01 ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

MCQ (WITH ONE CORRECT OPTION)

1. When air is replaced by a medium of dielectric constant K, the force of attraction between two charges separated
by a distance r
a. Decreases k timesb. remains unchanged c. increases k times d. increases K-2times
2. The conservation of electric charge implies that
a. Total charge of the entire universe remains constant
b. Charge cannot be created
c. Charge cannot be destroyed
d. Simultaneous creation of equal and opposite charge is permissible
3. Figure shows electric field lines in which an electric dipole P is placed as shown. Which of the following
statement is correct?
a. The dipole will not experience any force
b. The dipole will experience a force towards right
c. The dipole will experience a force towards left
d. The dipole will experience a force upwards

4. A point charge +q is placed at a distance d from an isolated conducting plane. The field at a point P on the other
side of the plane is
a. Directed perpendicular to the plane and away from the plane
b. Directed perpendicular to the plane but towards the plane
c. Directed radially away from the point charge
d. Directed radially towards the point charge
5. A method of charging a conductor without bringing a charged object in contact with it is called
a. Electrification b. magnetization c. electromagnetic induction d. electrostatic induction
6. When a glass rod is rubbed with silk, it
a. Gains electrons from silk
b. Gives electrons to silk
c. Gains protons from silk
d. Gives protons to silk
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7. In general, metallic ropes are suspended on the carriers taking inflammable materials the reason is
a. To control the speed of the carrier
b. To keep the centre of gravity of the carrier nearer to the earth
c. To keep the body of the carrier in contact with the earth
d. None of these
8. Two similar spheres having +Q and –Q charges are kept at a certain distance. F force acts between the two. If
at the middle of two spheres, another similar sphere having +Q charge is kept, then it experiences a force in
magnitude and direction as
a. Zero having no direction
b. 8F towards +Q charge
c. 8F towards –Q charge
d. 4F towards +Q charge
9. Two charges of equal magnitudes kept at a distance r exert a force F on each other. If the charges are halved
and distance between them is doubled then the new force acting on each charge is
a. F/8 b. F/4 c. 4F d. F/16
10. The electric field inside a spherical shell of uniform surface charge density is
a. Zero
b. Constant, less than zero
c. Directly proportional to the distance from the centre
d. None of these
11. Electric field at a point varies as r0 for
a. An electric dipole
b. A point charge
c. A plane infinite sheet of charge
d. A line charge of infinite length
12. Total electric flux coming out of a unit positive charge kept in air is
a. 𝜀0 b. 𝜀0 −1 c. (4𝜋𝜀0 )−1 d. 4𝜋𝜀0
13. The electric field intensity due to an infinite cylinder of radius R and having charge q per unit length at a distance
r (r > R) from its axis is
a. Directly proportional to r2.
b. Directly proportional to r3
c. Inversely proportional to r
d. inversely proportional to r2
14. The magnitude of electric field intensity E is such that, an electron placed in it would experience an electrical
force equal to its weight is given by
𝑚𝑔 𝑒 𝑒2𝑔
a. 𝑚𝑔𝑒 b. 𝑒
c. 𝑚𝑔 d. 𝑚2

15. Which of the following statement is correct? The electric field at a point is
a. Always continuous

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 b. Continuous if there is a charge at that point
c. Discontinuous only if there is a negative charge at that point
d. Discontinuous if there is a charge at that point
16. A point charge +q is placed at a distance d from an isolated conducting plane. The field at a point P on the other
side at the plane is
a. Directed perpendicular to the plane and away from the plane
b. Directed perpendicular to the plane but towards the plane
c. Directed radially away from the point charge
d. Directed radially towards the point charge.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (1 MARK EACH)

1. Sketch the electric field lines for two point charges q1 and q2 for q1 = q2 and q1 > q2 separated by a distance d.
2. A positive point charge +q is kept in the vicinity of an uncharged conducting plate. Sketch electric field lines
originating from the point on the surface of the plate.
3. One end of a copper wire is connected to a neutral pitch ball and other end to a negatively charged plastic rod.
What will be the charge acquired by a pitch ball?
4. Why do the electrostatic field lines not form closed loops?
5. Does the charge given to a metallic sphere depend on whether it is hollow or solid? Give reason for your answer.
6. Two insulated charged copper spheres A and B of identical size have charges q A and -3qA respectively. When
they are brought in contact with each other and then separated, what are the new charges on them?
7. Two insulated charged copper spheres A and B of identical size have charges q A and qB respectively. A third
sphere C of the same size but uncharged is brought in contact with the first and then in the contact with the
second and finally removed from both. What are the new charges on A and B
8. What is the electric flux through a cube of side 1 cm which encloses an electric dipole?
9. Figure shows three point charges, +2𝑞, −𝑞 𝑎𝑛𝑑 + 3𝑞. The charges +2𝑞, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 𝑞 are enclosed within a surface
S. What is the electric flux due to this configuration through the surface S

10. Two charges of magnitudes −2𝑄, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 + 𝑄 are located at points (a, 0) and (4a, 0) respectively. What is the
electric flux due to these charges through a sphere of radius 3a with its centre at the origin?
11. How does the electric flux due to a point charge enclosed by a spherical Gaussian surface get affected when its
radius is increased?
12. A charge 𝑄 𝜇𝐶 is placed at the centre of a cube. What would be the flux through one face?
13. A charge q is placed at the center of a cube of side 𝑙. What is the electric flux passing through two opposite
faces of the cube?

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14. What orientation of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field corresponds to its (i) stable and (ii) unstable
equilibrium?
15. The dimensions of an atom are of the order of an Angstrom. Thus there must be large electric fields between
the protons and electrons. Why then is the electrostatic field inside a conductor zero?
16. Sketch the electric field lines for a uniformly charged hollow cylinder shown in the figure

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (2 MARKS)

1. An electrostatic field line is a continuous curve. That is a field line cannot have sudden breaks. Why is it so?
Also explain why two field lines never cross each other.
2. Define electric dipole moment. Is it scalar or vector quantity? What is their SI unit?
3. Depict the orientation of the dipole in (a) stable, (b) unstable equilibrium in a uniform electric field.
4. Obtain an expression for the torque experienced by an electric dipole of dipole moment P in a uniform electric
field E. what will happen is the field is not uniform?
5. Draw a plot showing variation of electric field with distance from the centre of a solid conducting sphere of
radius R, having a charge of +Q on its surface.
6. Explain why electric field (i) must be normal to the surface at every point of the charged conductors. (ii) be zero
inside a conductor.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (5 MARKS)

1. Use gauss’s law to derive the expression for the electric field E due to a straight uniform charged infinite line
of charge density 𝜆 C/m. Draw a graph to show the variation of E with perpendicular distance r from the line of
charge.
2. Using gauss’s law, deduce an expression for electric field intensity due to a uniformly charged infinite plane
sheet. If another identical sheet is placed parallel to it, show that there is no electric field in the region between
the two sheets.
3. Derive an expression for electric field due to a conducting spherical shell at any point (i) outside its surface, (ii)
at the surface (iii) inside the surface.
4. State and prove Gauss’s theorem in electrostatics

NUMERICAL PROBLEMS

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1. Two identical point charges q each, are kept 2 m apart in air. A third point charge Q of unknown magnitude and
sign is placed on the line joining the charges such that the system remains in equilibrium. Find the position and
nature of Q.
2. Four point charges Q, q, Q and q are placed at the corners of a square of side a as shown in the figure. Find the
resultant electric force on a charge Q.

3. Three point charges 𝑞, −4𝑞 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑞 are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC of side 𝑙 as shown
in figure. Obtain the expression for the magnitude of the resultant electric force acting on the charge q.

4. The electric field components in the figure shown are 𝐸𝑥 = 𝛼𝑥, 𝐸𝑦 = 0, 𝐸𝑧 = 0 where𝛼 = 100 𝑁/𝐶𝑚.
Calculate the charge within the cube, assuming a = 0.1 m.

5. An electron falls through a distance of 1.5 cm in a uniform electric field of magnitude 2 X 104 N/C as shown
in the figure. Calculate the time it takes to fall through this distance starting from rest. If the direction of the
field is reversed keeping its magnitude unchanged, calculate the time taken by a proton to fall through this
distance starting from rest.

6. The sum of two point charges is 7 µC. They repel each other with a force of 1 N when kept 30 cm apart in free
space. Calculate the value of each charge.

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7. Calculate the amount of work done in rotating a dipole, of dipole moment 3 X 10 -8 Cm, from its position of
stable equilibrium to the position of unstable equilibrium, in a uniform electric field of intensity 104 N/C.
8. Given a uniform electric field 𝐸⃗ = 5 X 103 𝑖 N/C, find the flux of this field through a square of 10 cm on a side
whose plane is parallel to the Y-Z plane. What would be the flux through the same square if the plane makes
30˚ angle with the X-axis?
9. Two isolated metal spheres A and B have radii R and 2R respectively, and same charge q. find which of the two
spheres have greater energy density just outside the surface of the spheres.
10. An infinitely long positively charged straight wire has a linear charge density λ C/m. An electron is revolving
around the wire as its centre with a constant velocity in a circular plane perpendicular to the wire. Deduce the
expression for its kinetic energy. plot a graph of the kinetic energy as a function of charge density λ.

ASSERTION AND REASONS BASED QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS:
In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Mark
the correct choice as:
a. If both Assertion and Reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b. If both Assertion and Reason are true and reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c. If assertion is true but reason is false
d. If both assertion and reason are false.
1. Assertion: If the bob of a simple pendulum is kept in a horizontal electric field, its period of oscillation will
remain same.
Reason: If bob is charged and kept in horizontal electric field, then the time period will be decreased.
2. Assertion: Acceleration of charged particle in non-uniform electric field does not depend on velocity of
charged particle
Reason: Charge is an invariant quantity. That is the amount of charge on particle does not depend on frame
of reference.
3. Assertion: Net electric field inside a conductor is zero
Reason: Total positive charge equals to total negative charge in the charged conductor.
4. Assertion: All the charge in a conductor gets distributed on whole of its outer surface.
Reason: In a dynamic system, charges try to keep their potential energy minimum.
5. Assertion: The Coulomb force is the dominating force in the universe.
Reason: The Coulomb force is the weaker than the gravitational force.
6. Assertion: The tyres of aircrafts are made slightly conducting.
Reason: If a conductor is connected to the ground, the extra charge induced on the conductor will flow to
the ground.
7. Assertion: In a non-uniform electric field, a dipole will have translator as well as rotatory motion.
Reason: In a non-uniform electric field, a dipole experiences a force as well as a torque.

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 CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS
8. Coulomb’s law is a quantitative statement of about the force between two point charges. When the linear
sizes of charged bodies are much smaller than the distance between them, their size may be ignored and the
charge bodies are called point charges. After retiring from his active services as a military engineer in 1776,
Coulomb (a French physicist) discovered a torsion balance to measure the small quantity of force and used
it for determination of forces of attraction or repulsion between small charged spheres. He thus arrived in
1785 at the inverse square law relation, now known as Coulomb’s law. He found that the force between two
point charges varied inversely with the square of the distance between the charges and was directly
proportional to the product of the magnitude of the charges and acted along the line joining the two charges.
Coulomb’s law is an electrical analogue of Newton’s law of Universal Gravitation in Mechanics.

a. Identify the wrong statement in the following Coulomb’s law correctly describes the electric force that
i. Binds the electrons of an atom to its nucleus
ii. Binds the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
iii. Binds atoms together to form molecules
iv. Binds atoms and molecules to form solids
b. Two charges 3 × 10−5 𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5 × 104 𝐶 are placed at a distance 10 cm from each other. The value of
electrostatic force acting between them is
i. 13.5 × 1011 𝑁
ii. 40 × 1011 𝑁
iii. 180 × 109 𝑁
iv. 13.5 × 1010 𝑁
c. Each of two point charges are doubled and their distance is halved. Force of interaction becomes n
times, where n is
i. 4 iii. 18
ii. 1 iv. 16
d. The minimum value of force acting between two point charges placed 1 m apart from one another is
𝑘𝑒 𝑘𝑒 2
i. 𝑘𝑒 2 (ii) 𝑘𝑒 (iii) 4
(iv) 2

e. A and B are two identical spherical charged bodies which repel each other with force F, kept at a finite
distance. A third uncharged sphere of the same size is brought in contact with sphere B and removed.
It is then kept at midpoint of A and B. find the magnitude of force on C.
i. F/2 iii. F
ii. F/8 iv. Zero

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9. The electric field due to a charge configuration with total charge zero is not zero, but for distances large
compared to the size of the configuration, its field falls faster than 1/r 2, typical of the field due to a single
charge. An electric dipole is the simplest example of this fact. An electric dipole is a pair of equal and
opposite charges +q and –q separated by some distance 2a. Its dipole moment vector 𝑃⃗ has magnitude 2aq
and is in the direction of the dipole axis from –q to +q. The electric field of a pair of charges can be found
out from Coulomb’s law and the superposition principle. The magnitude and the direction of the dipole field
depend not only on the distance r but also on the angle between the position vectors
𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑃⃗. In some molecules like H2O, the centres of –ve charge and of +ve charges
do not coincide. So they have permanent dipole moment. Such molecules are called polar molecules.

On the bases of above information, answer following questions.

a. What will be the value of electric field at the centre of the electric dipole?
i. Zero
j. Equal to the electric field due to one charge at centre
k. Twice the electric field due to one charge at the centre
l. Half of the value of the electric field due to one charge at the centre
b. If r is the distance of a point from the centre of a short dipole, then the electric field intensity due to the
short dipole remains proportional to
i. 𝑟2 j. 𝑟 3 k. 𝑟 −2 l. 𝑟 −3
c. An electric dipole coincides on Z-axis and its mid-point is on origin of the coordinate system. The
electric field at an axial point at a distance z from origin is EZ and electric field at an equatorial point at
|𝐸𝑧 |
a distance y from origin is EY. Here z = y > > a, so is equal to
|𝐸𝑦 |

i. 1 j. 4 k. 3 l. 2
d. An electric dipole of moment 𝑃⃗ is placed in a uniform electric field 𝐸⃗ . The maximum torque
experienced by the dipole is
i. pE j. p/E k. E/p l. 𝑝. 𝐸⃗
e. the frequency of oscillation of an electric dipole having dipole moment p and rotational inertia I,
oscillating in a uniform electric field E is given by
1 𝐼 1 𝑝𝐸 𝑝𝐸 𝐼
i. √
2𝜋 𝑝𝐸
j. 2𝜋 √ 𝐼
𝑘. 2𝜋√ 𝐼
𝑙. 2𝜋√𝑝𝐸

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