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    Module 6

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    Module 6

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    srinathaacash
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    Module6

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    Module 6

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    29-07-2023

    IoT Platforms for Use case Development

    What is an IoT Platform?

     IoT platform is an integrated service that fulfills the gap between the
    IoT device and application
     Offer data collection, processing, visualization, and device
    management services
     In heterogeneous IoT environments, IoT platforms support integration between third-
    party apps, sensors, legacy equipment, and other connected devices

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    29-07-2023

    What is an IoT Platform? ….


     Helps to bring the physical object online. Connect devices, sensors,
    machines, etc.
     Enables device connectivity via industry standard IoT protocols - MQTT,
    CoAP and HTTP and supports both cloud and on-premises deployments
     Provides application-level capabilities for humans to interact with the
    IoT system.
     Capture, analyze, and organize data collected from various devices
     Secure devices, data, and networks.
     Integrate IoT systems with existing business processes like inventory
    management, CRMs, etc.

    Categories of IoT Platforms

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    Various Categories of IoT Platforms


    Connectivity Platforms: connectivity platforms are designed to manage the networking aspects of an
    IoT system. Provide the connectivity hardware, software, and performance analytics associated
    with keeping all devices in your system online. These platforms are typically offered through existing
    WiFi providers and carrier services that configure the connection allowing for easy set-up.

    Device Management Platforms: ensure that all devices in an IoT system are secure and connected,
    monitor system and handle the routine tasks associated with all connected devices. Think firmware
    updates, patching, reporting, and alerting users to any device-related changes.

    Cloud Platforms: Cloud platforms offer a centralized hub managing your data and backend
    processes.
    Application Enablement Platforms: platforms typically include software and devices, along with
    development and deployment solutions. It take care of the development, network configuration,
    and installation typically done in-house–potentially saving organizations time and money.
    Advanced Analytics Platforms: Advanced analytics platforms are designed to support IoT systems
    that use AI and machine learning applications and harvest vast quantities of data. These IoT
    platforms extract critical insights in real-time, enabling rapid decision-making.

    Open Source Internet of Things (IoT) Platforms

    • IoT device management

    • IoT development toolchain

    • IoT data analytics

    • Security by design

    • Resources & a community for developers

    https://jansutris10.medium.com/open-source-internet-of-
    things-iot-platforms-9afd187465ca

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    29-07-2023

    2. Communication API’s- REST & Websocket


    Communication API’s
    • An API is an interface used by programs to access an application.
    • It enables a program to send commands to another program and
    receive replies from the app.
    • IoT APIs are the interface points between an IoT device and the Internet
    and/or other network components.

    REST APIs

     REST APIs that follow the request response communication


    model

     REST API is a way of accessing web services in a simple and


    flexible way

     REST uses less bandwidth, simple and flexible making it more


    suitable for internet usage.

     All communication done via REST API uses only HTTP


    request.

     A request is sent from client to server in the form of a web


    URL as HTTP GET or POST or PUT or DELETE request.

     Response comes back from the server in the form of a resource


    which can be anything like HTML, XML, Image, or JSON.

     JSON is the most popular format being used in Web Services.

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    IoT device has WiFi, you can expose a REST API over HTTPS that can be called by an Excel add-in.

    This API can then be used to read sensor data, or control actuators.

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    REST for devices control communication

    11

    WebSocket
    WebSocket is bidirectional, a full-duplex protocol that is used in the
    same scenario of client-server communication, unlike HTTP it starts
    from ws:// or wss://.

    It is a stateful protocol, which means the connection between client


    and server will keep alive until it is terminated by either party (client
    or server).

    After closing the connection by either of the client and server, the
    connection is terminated from both ends.

    real-time applications like (trading, monitoring, notification)


    services use WebSocket to receive the data on a single
    communication channel

    All the frequently updated applications used WebSocket because


    it is faster than HTTP Connection.

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    29-07-2023

    WebSocket Case Study – Toggle a LED

    https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp8266-nodemcu-websocket-server-arduino/
    https://www.educba.com/node-red-websocket/

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    Advantages of WebSocket API:


    • Real-time communication: WebSocket APIs enable real-time
    communication between the server and client, making them ideal for
    applications that require real-time updates.
    • Efficiency: WebSocket APIs are more efficient than REST APIs for
    real-time applications, as they use a persistent connection to enable
    bidirectional communication.
    • Scalability: WebSocket APIs are highly scalable, as they can support
    thousands of connections per server.
    • Reduced overhead: WebSocket APIs have lower overhead than REST
    APIs, as they use a single connection to transmit data.

    IoT scalability
    IoT scalability refers to the ability to go from prototype to production in a seamless way.

    IoT projects fail—up to 75 percent, according to an oft-cited 2017 Cisco report.

    IoT involves a complex technology stack, and few companies have all the needed hardware, software,
    and connectivity expertise in-house.

    IoT deployments, companies need the ability to scale up and down depending on the amount of data
    their fleet of devices is providing.

    Common IoT Scalability Challenges


    Securing your IoT devices and the network as you scale up production and deployment can be challenging, especially
    for smaller companies that may not have a dedicated team of in-house cybersecurity experts to aid them.

    IoT device management: Integrating hardware architecture with cloud and connectivity providers is another challenge
    inherent in device management. It can be a complicated and challenging process when companies attempt to integrate
    hardware, software, and connectivity themselves.
    •cellular coverage for an IoT deployment may also prove difficult, especially when you're deploying devices across
    vast geographic areas. Traditional SIM or eSIM, Modem components and modules, SIM provider mobile network
    operator and Roaming partner MNOs

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    Tips For IoT at Scale


    1. Start Small and Build Out from There: Firstly, if you’re looking to scale responsibly,
    it may be a good idea to limit your growth over time.
    • If you start your project with a few manageable devices, periodically adding one or
    two over time, you won’t have to change your entire infrastructure and it won’t take
    much time to accommodate them.
    2. Use Simple Architecture: Choosing the right architecture for your project from the
    very beginning leads to way fewer problems in the future. Moreover, it’s important to
    choose an option that has the future in mind. If you start your project with a few
    manageable devices, periodically adding one or two over time, you won’t have to
    change your entire infrastructure and it won’t take much time to accommodate them.
    3. Use a Decentralized AEP Platform: Another way to effectively scale up your IoT
    project is by using a decentralized IoT Application Enablement Platform (AEP).

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    IoT Verticals

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    Smart Cities

    11

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