Nomadic Empires

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Eklavya
Study Point
• The
Explain the achievements
of Gengis Khan’s army and
also state the reasons of its
success?
Achievements of Genghis Khan’s
Army:
▪ Massive Empire: Genghis Khan’s

army created the largest land
empire in history, stretching
from China to Europe.
▪ Conquering Cities: They

conquered major cities and
civilizations, including the
powerful empires of China,
Persia, and Central Asia.
▪ Military Tactics: The Mongol army
was known for its advanced
military tactics, like surprise
attacks, psychological warfare,
and efficient communication.
▪ Cultural Exchange: Their

conquests connected different
parts of the world, leading to
increased trade and cultural
exchange across Asia and
Europe.
Reasons for Success:
▪ Skilled Horsemen: The Mongol

soldiers were expert
horsemen, allowing them to
move quickly and strike
suddenly.
▪ Discipline and Training: The

army was well-trained and
highly disciplined, with strict
rules and effective leadership.
▪ Use of Intelligence: They
gathered detailed information
about their enemies, which
helped them plan successful
attacks.
▪ Adaptability: Genghis Khan’s

army adapted to different
environments and used the
best strategies depending on
the situation.
▪ Unity and Loyalty: The
soldiers were fiercely loyal
to Genghis Khan, which
created a strong, united
force.
Eklavya
Study Point
• The
Explain the reasons for the

downfall of Mongol Empire?
Eklavya
• Too Large to Control: The
Study Point
Mongol Empire became too big
to manage effectively, with
different regions far apart and
difficult to govern.
• Internal Conflicts: After

Genghis Khan’s death, his
descendants fought among
themselves for power, leading
to internal divisions and
weakening the empire.
Eklavya • Cultural Differences: The vast
Study Point
empire included many
different cultures and
religions, making it hard to
maintain unity and control
over diverse populations.
• Local Rebellions: Many regions

under Mongol rule started to
rebel, leading to the loss of
territory and weakening the
empire further.
Eklavya
Study Point
▪ Economic Problems:
The cost of
maintaining such a
large empire strained
resources, leading to
economic difficulties
and less money for the
army.
Eklavya
Study Point
• The
Why the Central Asian
Nomads used to go to
China?
Eklavya
Study Point • Trade Opportunities: The
nomads were part of the Silk
Road trade network, which
connected China to the Middle
East and Europe.
• They traded goods like horses,

fur, and other resources for
Chinese silk, tea, and
manufactured goods.
Eklavya
Study Point • Pasture and Resources:
Central Asian nomads often
depended on livestock and
needed vast grazing lands.
• Sometimes they moved

toward China in search of
better pastures, water
resources, or to escape
harsh conditions in their
homeland.
Eklavya
Study Point • Military Raids and Plunder:
Some nomadic groups
conducted raids into China to
acquire wealth, food, and other
resources.
• The nomads were skilled

horsemen and warriors, which
made them a formidable force
in these raids.
Eklavya
Study Point
• The
Which title was conferred upon for
declaring Genghis Khan as
Mongolian's leader.
Eklavya
Study Point
• The title conferred upon

Genghis Khan when he was
declared the leader of the
Mongols was "Chinggis
Khan" (often spelled
"Genghis Khan").
Eklavya
Study Point
• This title, given to him in 1206

at a kurultai (a Mongol
council or assembly), means
"Universal Ruler" or "Oceanic
Ruler."
Eklavya
Study Point
• It marked his supreme
authority over all Mongol
tribes, uniting them
under his leadership and
setting the stage for his
creation of the Mongol
Empire.
Eklavya
Study Point
• The
Who was ‘Gengis Khan’. Evaluate

the role of Gengis Khan and
Mongols in international history?
Eklavya
Study Point
• Genghis Khan (originally
named Temujin) was the
founder and first Great
Khan of the Mongol Empire,
which became the largest
contiguous empire in
history after his death.
Eklavya
Study Point
• Born around 1162 in the
Mongolian steppes, he united
the fragmented Mongol tribes
under his leadership by 1206,
adopting the title "Genghis
Khan," which means
"Universal Ruler.“
• His conquests spread across

Central Asia, the Middle East,
parts of Europe, and China.
Eklavya
Study Point
• Unification of Mongol Tribes: Genghis
Khan brought together various
nomadic tribes, transforming them
from warring clans into a united and
powerful military force.
• This created a stable and centralized

leadership structure among the
Mongols, enabling them to embark on
large-scale military campaigns.
Eklavya
Study Point • Military Innovations: Genghis
Khan was known for his
military genius, implementing
tactics
• His army’s flexibility,

discipline, and use of fear
tactics made them invincible in
battle, revolutionizing warfare
across the world.
Eklavya
Study Point • Establishment of the Mongol
Empire: Under Genghis Khan’s
leadership, the Mongols
conquered vast territories from
China in the East to Persia, the
Middle East, and parts of
Eastern Europe.
• His empire created a new order

in these regions, altering
political boundaries and power
dynamics.

Nomadic Empires

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▪ Massive Empire: Genghis Khan’s

▪ Conquering Cities: They

▪ Cultural Exchange: Their

▪ Skilled Horsemen: The Mongol

▪ Discipline and Training: The

▪ Adaptability: Genghis Khan’s

Explain the reasons for the

• Internal Conflicts: After

• Local Rebellions: Many regions

• They traded goods like horses,

• Sometimes they moved

• The nomads were skilled

• The title conferred upon

• This title, given to him in 1206

Who was ‘Gengis Khan’. Evaluate

• His conquests spread across

• This created a stable and centralized

• His army’s flexibility,

• His empire created a new order

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