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CHEMISTRY
BOOKS - NCERT CHEMISTRY (HINGLISH)
THERMODYNAMICS
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Thermodynamics is not concerned aboutâ€¦.
A. energy changes involved in a chemical reaction
B. the extent to which a chemical reaction proceeds
C. the rate at which a reaction proceeds
D. the feasibility of a chemical reaction
Answer: C
Watch Video Solution
2. Which of the following statement is correct ?
A. The presence of reacting species in a covered beaker is an example
of open system
B. There is an exchange of energy as well as matter between the
system and the surroundings in a closed system
C. The presence of reactants in a closed vessel made up of copper is
an example of a closed system
D. The presence of reactants in a thermos flask or any other closed
insulated vessel is an example of a closed system
Answer: C

3. The state of gas can be described by quoting the relationship between
A. pressure, volume, temperature
B. temperature, amount, pressure
C. amount, volume, temperature
D. pressure, volume, temperature, amount
Answer: D
4. The volume of gas is reduced to half from its original volume. The
specific heat will be
A. reduce to half
B. be double
C. remain constant
D. increase four times

Answer: C
5. During complete combustion of one mole of butane ,2658Kj of heat is
released. The thermochemical reaction for above change is
A.
2C4 H10 (g) + 13O2 (g) → 8CO2 (g) + 10H2 O(l), Δc H = − 2658.0kJ m
B.
13
C4 H10 (g) + O2 (g) → 4CO2 (g) + 5H2 O(l), Δc H = − 1329.0kJ m
2
C.
13
C4 H10 (g) + O2 (g) → 4CO2 (g) + 5H2 O(l), Δc H = − 2658.0kJ m
2
D.
13
C4 H10 (g) + O2 (g) → 4CO2 (g) + 5H2 O(l), Δc H = + 2658.0kJ m
2
Answer: C
6. δf U
Ó ¨
of formation ofCH4 (g) at a certain temperature is
− 393J mol
−1
. The value of δH Ó ¨
is :
A. zero
B. < Δf U
Θ
C. > Δf U
Θ
D. equal to Δ f
U
Θ
Answer: B
7. In an adibatic process, no transfer of heat takes place between system
and surroundings. Choose the correct option for free expansion of an
ideal gas under adiabatic conditions from the following :
A. q = 0, ΔT ≠ 0, W = 0
B. q ≠ 0, ΔT = 0, W = 0
C. q = 0, ΔT = 0, W = 0
D. q = 0, ΔT < 0, W ≠ 0
Answer: C
8. The pressure volume work for an ideal gas can be calculated by using
vf
the expression w = − ∫ P exdV . The work can also be calculated

Vi
from the pV-plot by using the area under the curve within the specified
limits. When an ideal gas is compressed (a) reversibly or (B) irreversibly
from volume V to V choose the correct option.

i f
A. W (reversible) = W (irreversible)
B. W (reversible) < W (irreversible)
C. W (reversible) = W (irreversible)
D. W (reversible) = W (irreversible) + p ex . ΔV
Answer: B
9. The entropy change can be calculated by using the expression

qrev
ΔS − . When water freezes in a glass beaker, choose the correct
T
statement amongst the following:
A. ΔS (system) decreases but ΔS (surroundings) remains the same
B. ΔS (system) increases but ΔS (surroundings) decreases
C. ΔS (system) decreases but ΔS (surroundings) increases
D. ΔS (system) decreases but ΔS (surroundings) also decreases
Answer: C

10. On the basic of thermochemical equations (I),(II)and (III), Find out
which of the algebraic relationships given in options (a)to (d) is correct ?
(I)C(graphite) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g),
−1
Δr H = XKJ mol
1
(II)C(graphite) + O2 (g) → CO(g),
2
−1
Δr H = yKJ mol
1
−1
(III)CO(g) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g), Δr H = zKJ mol
2
A. z = x + y
B. x = y − z
C. x = y + z
D. y = 2z − x
Answer: C

11. Consider the reactions given below .On the basis of these reactions
,Find out which of the algebraic relations given in options (a) to(d) is
correct?
−1
(p)C(g) + 4H (g) → CH4 (g), Δr H = xKJ mol
(Q)C(graphite) + 2H2 (g) → CH4 (g),
−1
Δr H = yKJ mol
A. x = y
B. x = 2y
C. x > y
D. x < y
Answer: C
12. The enthalpy of elements in their standard atates are taken as zero
.The enthalpy of formation of a compound:

A. is always negative
B. is always positive
C. may be positive or negative
D. is negative negative
Answer: C
13. Enthalpy of sublimation of a substance is equal to :
A. enthalpy of fusion + enthalpy of vaporisation
B. enthalpy of fusion
C. enthalpy of vaporisation
D. twice the enthalpy of vaporisation
Answer: B

14. Which of the following is not correct ?
A. ΔG is zero for a reversible reaction
B. ΔG is positive for a spontaneous reaction
C. ΔG is negative for a spontaneous reaction
D. ΔG is positive for a non-spontaneous reaction.
Answer: A::D
15. Thermodynamics mainly deals with:
A. interrelation of various forms of energy and their transformation
from one form to another

B. energy changes in the processes which depends only on initial and
final states of the microscopic system containing a few molecules
C. how and at what rate these energy transformations are carried out
D. the system in equilibrium state or moving from one equilibrium
state to another equilibrium state
Answer: A::D
16. In an exothermic reaction heat is evolved and system loses heat to the
surrounding. For such system
A. q will be negative
p
B. Δ r
H will be negative
C. q will be positive
p
D. Δ r
H will be positive
Answer: A::B
17. The spontaneity means having the potential to proceed without
assistance of external agency. The processes which occur spontaneously
are
A. flow of heat from colder to warmer body
B. gas in a container contracting into one corner
C. gas expanding to fill the available volume
D. burning carbon in oxygen to give carbon dioxide
Answer: C::D

18. For an ideal gas, the work of reversible expansion under isothermal
Vf
condition can be calculated by using expression = − nRT ln. . A
Vi
sample containing 1.0 mol of an ideal gas is expanded isothermally and
reversible to ten times of its original volume, in two separate
experiments. The expansion is carried out at 300 K and at 600 K
respectively. Choose the correct option
A. work done at 600 K is 20 times the work done at 300 K
B. work done at 300 K is twice the work done at 600 K
C. work done at 600 K is twice the work done at 300 K
D. ΔU = 0 in both cases.
Answer: C::D
19. Consider the following reaction between zinc and oxygen and choose
the correct options out of the options given below

−1
2Zn(s) + O2 (g) → 2ZnOs : ΔH = − 693.8kJ mol
A. The enthalpy of two moles of ZnO is less than the total enthalpy of
two moles of Zn and one mole of oxygen by 693.8 kJ
B. The enthalpy of two moles of ZnO is more than the total enthalpy
of two moles of Zn and one mole of oxygen by 693.8kJ
C. 693.8kJ mol −1
energy is evolved in the reaction
D. 693.8kJ mol −1
energy is absorbed in the reaction
Answer: A::C
20. 18.0 g of water completely vaporises at 100 ∘

C and 1 bar pressure and
the enthalpy change in the process is 40.79kJ mol

−1
. What will be the
enthalpy change for vaporising two moles of water under the same
conditions ? What is the standard enthalpy of vaporisation for water ?

21. One mole of acetone requires less heat to vaporise than 1 mole of
water. Which of the two liquids has higher enthalpy of vaporisation ?
22. Standard molar enthalpy of formation, Δ f

H
Θ
is just a special case of
enthalpy of reaction, Δ r
H
Θ
. Is the Δ r
H
Θ
? Given reason for your answer.
Θ −1
CaO(s) + CO2 (g) → CaCO3 (s), Δf H = − 178.3kJ mol
23. The value of Δf H

Θ
for N H3 is − 91.8kJ mol
−1
. Calculate enthalpy
change for the following reaction.
2N H3 (g) → N2 (g) + 3H2 (g)

24. Enthalpy is an extensive property. In general, if enthalpy of an overall
reaction A → B along one route is Δr H and Δr H1 , Δr H2 , Δr H3 .....
Represent enthalpies of intermediate reactions leading to product B.
What will be the relation between Δ r

H overall reaction and Δ r
H 1 , Δr H 2
... etc for intermediate reaction.
25. The enthaply of atomisation for the reaction :
CH4 (g) → C(g) + 4H (g) is 1665kJ mol −1

.What is the bond enthalpy of
C-H bond? (Keep your answer in KJ/mol and three digits only)
26. Use the following data to calculate Δlattice H

∘
for NaBr. Δsub H
∘
for
sodium metal = 108.4kJ mol

−1
, ionization enthalpy of sodium
= 496kJ mol
−1
., electron gain enthalpy of bromine = − 325kJ mol
−1
bond dissociation enthalpy of bromine = 192kJ mol
−1
, Δf H
∘
for
N aBr(s) − 360kJ mol

−1
.
27. Given that ΔH = 0 for mixing of two gases.Explain whether the
diffusion of these gases into each other in a closed container is a
spontaneous process or not?
28. Heat has randomising influence on a system and temperature is the
measure of average chaotic motion of particles in the system.Write the
mathematical relation which relates these three parameters.

29. Increase in enthalpy of the surroundings is equal to decrease in
enthalpy of the system.Will the temperature of system and surroundings
be the same when they are in thermal equilibrium?
30. At 298 K, Kp for the reaction : N2 O4 (g) ⇔ 2N O2 (g) is 0.98. Predict
whether the reaction is spontaneous or not.
31. (a) A sample of 1.0 mol of a monoatomic ideal gas is taken through a
cyclic process of expansion and compression as shown in figure. What will
be the value of ΔH for the cycle as a whole?

(b) Which quantity out of Δ r
G and Δ r
G
Θ
will be zero at equilibrium?
32. The standard molar entropy of H2 O(l) is 70J K

−1
mol
−1
.Will the
standard molar entropy of H 2

O(s) be more or less than 70J K −1
mol
−1
?
33. Identify the state functions and path functions out of the following:
enthalpy, entropy, heat, temperature, work, free energy.

34. The molar enthalpy of vapourisation of acetone is less than that of
water.Why?
35. Which quantity out of Δ r

G or Δ r
G
∘
will be zero at equilibrium?
36. Predict the change in internal energy for an isolated system at
constant volume.

37. Although heat is a path function but heat absorbed by the system
under certain specific conditions is independent of path. What are those
conditions? Explain.
38. Expansion of a gas in vaccum is called free expansion.Calculate the
work done and the change in internal energy when 1 litre of ideal gas
expands isothermally into vaccum until its total volume is 5 litre?
39. Heat capacity (C p

) is an extensive property but specific heat (C) is an
intensive property.What will be the relation between Cp and C for 1 mol
of water? (Keep your answer in J/K and in two digits only)

40. The difference between C and
p
Cv can be derived using the empirical
relation H = U + pV. Calculate the difference between Cp and Cv for 10
moles of an ideal gas.
41. If the combustion of 1 g of graphite produces -20.7 kJ of heat, what will
be molar enthalpy change? Give the significance of sign also.
42. The net enthalpy change of a reaction is the amount of energy
required to break all the bonds in reactant molecules minus amount of
energy required to form all the bonds in the product molecules.What will
be the enthalpy change for the following reaction.
H2 (g) + Br 2 (g) → 2H Br(g)
Given that bond energy of H 2

, Br 2 and HBr is 435 kJ mol −1
, 192 kJ mol −1
and 368kJ mol
−1
respectively. (Keep your answer in magnitude and in
KJ/mol)
43. The enthalpy of vaporisation of CCI4 is 30.5kJ mol

−1
.Calculate the
heat required for the vapourisation of 284 g of CCI4 at constant
pressure. (Molar mass of CCI 4

= 154u ). (Keep your answer in KJ and two
digits only)
44. The enthalpy of reaction for thr equation

j
2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2 O(l) is ΔH ∘
= − 572k ol
m
what will be the standard enthalpy for the formation of H 2O (l)?

45. What will be the work done on an ideal gas enclosed in a cylinder,
when it is compressed by a constant external pressure pext , in a single
step as shown in figure? Explain graphically.
46. How will you calculate work done on an ideal gas in a compression,
when change in pressure is carried out in infinite steps?

47. Represent the potential energy/enthalpy change in the following
process graphically
(a) Throwing a stone from the ground to roof.

1 1
(b) H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) H Cl(g)Δr H
∘
= − 93.2kJ mol
−1
2 2
In which of the process potential energy/enthalpy change in contributing
factor to the spontaneity?
48. Enthalpy diagram for a particular reaction is given in figure. Is it
possible to decide spontaneity of a reaction from given diagram. Explain

49. 1.0 mol of a monoatomic ideal gas is expanded from state (1) to state
(2) as shown in figure. Calculate the work done for the expansion of gas
from state (1) to state (2) as 298 K.
50. An ideal gas is allowed to expand against a constant pressure of 2 bar
from 10 L to 50 L in one step. The amount of work done by the gas is x. if
the same expansion were carried out reversible, what is the relation of
work done with the earlier case?

51. Match the following
52. Match the following processes with entropy change

53. Match the following parameters with description for spontaneity
54. Match the following
55. Assertion (A). Combustion of all organic compounds is an exothermic
reaction.
Reason (R). The enthalpies of all elements in their standard state are zero
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Answer: B
56. Assertion (A). Spontaneous process is an irreversible process and may
be reversed by some external agency.
Reason (R). Decrease in enthalpy is a contributory factor for spontaneity

Answer: B
57. Assertion (A). A liquid crystallises into a solid and is accompanied by
decrease in entropy.
Reason (R). In crystals, molecules organise in an ordered manner.
Answer: A

58. Derive the relationship between ΔH and ΔU for an ideal gas.
Explain each term involved in the equation.
59. Extensive properties depends on the quantity of matter but intensive
properties do not. Explain whether the following properties are extensive
or intensive.
Mass internal energy, pressure, heat capacity, molar heat capacity, density,
mole fraction, specific heat, temperature and molarity
60. The lattice enthalpy of an ionic compound is the enthalpy when one
mole of an ionic compoud present in its gaseous state, dissociates into
its ions. It is impossible to determine it directly by experiment. Suggest
and explain in indirect method to measure lattice enthalpy of NaCl(s).

61. ΔG is energy availabe to do useful work and is thus a meaure of "Free
energy". Show mathemactically that ΔG is a measure of free energy. Find
the unit of ΔG . IF a reaction has positive enthalpy change and positive
entropy change, under what condition will the reaction be spontaneous ?
62. Graphically shoe the total work done in an expansion when the state
of an ideal gas is changed reversibly and isothermally from (pi , Vi ) to
(pf , Vf ) . With the help of a pV plot compare the work done in the above
case with that carried out against a constant pressure p . f

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CHEMISTRY

BOOKS - NCERT CHEMISTRY (HINGLISH)

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Thermodynamics is not concerned aboutâ€¦.

A. energy changes involved in a chemical reaction

B. the extent to which a chemical reaction proceeds

C. the rate at which a reaction proceeds

D. the feasibility of a chemical reaction

2. Which of the following statement is correct ?

A. The presence of reacting species in a covered beaker is an example

B. There is an exchange of energy as well as matter between the

system and the surroundings in a closed system

C. The presence of reactants in a closed vessel made up of copper is

an example of a closed system

D. The presence of reactants in a thermos flask or any other closed

insulated vessel is an example of a closed system

Watch Video Solution

A. pressure, volume, temperature

B. temperature, amount, pressure

C. amount, volume, temperature

D. pressure, volume, temperature, amount

Watch Video Solution

specific heat will be

D. increase four times

Watch Video Solution

5. During complete combustion of one mole of butane ,2658Kj of heat is

released. The thermochemical reaction for above change is

Watch Video Solution

7. In an adibatic process, no transfer of heat takes place between system

and surroundings. Choose the correct option for free expansion of an

ideal gas under adiabatic conditions from the following :

Watch Video Solution

the expression w = − ∫ P exdV . The work can also be calculated

limits. When an ideal gas is compressed (a) reversibly or (B) irreversibly

from volume V to V choose the correct option.

B. W (reversible) < W (irreversible)

Watch Video Solution

9. The entropy change can be calculated by using the expression

statement amongst the following:

A. ΔS (system) decreases but ΔS (surroundings) remains the same

B. ΔS (system) increases but ΔS (surroundings) decreases

C. ΔS (system) decreases but ΔS (surroundings) increases

D. ΔS (system) decreases but ΔS (surroundings) also decreases

Watch Video Solution

which of the algebraic relationships given in options (a)to (d) is correct ?

(I)C(graphite) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g),

Watch Video Solution

(Q)C(graphite) + 2H2 (g) → CH4 (g),

Watch Video Solution

.The enthalpy of formation of a compound:

C. may be positive or negative

Watch Video Solution

13. Enthalpy of sublimation of a substance is equal to :

A. enthalpy of fusion + enthalpy of vaporisation

D. twice the enthalpy of vaporisation

Watch Video Solution

A. ΔG is zero for a reversible reaction

B. ΔG is positive for a spontaneous reaction

C. ΔG is negative for a spontaneous reaction