May 2024 (Volume 4 Issue 1)

Pratibodh
A Journal for Engineering
A free and Open Access Journal
Homepage: https://pratibodh.org
IoT based Paralysis Patient Monitoring System
Kirti Nama1, Jyoti Kaushik2, Abhishek Kumar3, Arun Chandra4, Akshat Bhardwaj5
Department of Electrical Engineering
Jaipur Engineering College & Research Centre
1kirtinama.ee24@jecrc.ac.in, 2jyotikaushik.ee24@jecrc.ac.in, 3abhishekkumar.ee24@jecrc.ac.in, 4arunchandra.ee24@jecrc.ac.in,
5akshatbhardwaj.ee24@jecrc.ac.in

Abstract
The IoT-based Monitoring System presented in this project aims to address the specific needs of individuals. This
system integrates various hardware components, including Arduino Uno microcontroller, MPU6050 accelerometer and
gyroscope sensor, LM35 temperature sensor, LCD display, and pulse sensor, to enable remote monitoring of vital signs
such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, and body temperature..
Keywords: IoT, Arduino, Patient, Thingspeak, microcontroller
Article Status
2024 Pratibodh Ltd. All rights reserved.
Available online :

1. Introduction Systems include features such as temperature, heart

The IOT based paralysis patient monitoring system is rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and ECG
designed to help the patient or his/her loved ones. This monitoring.
system is designed to help the patient to transmit
continuous values for pulse, body temp to doctors while Some systems incorporate GSM technology for
sitting at home through the internet. In this system, an emergency alerts via SMS, while others utilize IoT for
Arduino UNO board is incorporated which acts as the continuous monitoring and automatic notifications to
control unit of whole system. caregivers.
It makes use of a hand movement recognition through
MPU6050 sensor. The hand movement is detected using Microcontroller-based solutions offer cuffless blood
an accelerometer. pressure measurement with alarm circuits for abnormal
The movement is detected and processed and then readings.
displayed over the LCD. The other values like temp and
pulse data is sent to Thingspeak through ESP01. Devices are designed to be user-friendly, portable, and
Thus, this system is cost-effective system for the doctors affordable, with options for displaying messages and
to be able to keep track of patients' body readings interacting with caregivers.
without actually visiting the patient often.
Accelerometers are often used for motion sensing,
PROBLEM STATEMENT allowing patients to convey messages by tilting the
Lack of efficient and real time monitoring for individuals device.
with paralysis, leads to challenges in managing their
health effectively. Caregivers face physical demands, and Overall, these systems offer reliable, accurate, and cost-
patients struggle with limited access to healthcare effective solutions for healthcare monitoring and
facilities, making them vulnerable to sudden health management tailored to the needs of paralyzed
complications. individuals.

LITERATURE SURVEY PROPOSED METHOD

These systems aim to provide comprehensive care by The general workflow for the project involves the
monitoring vital signs, activity levels, and medication following steps:
adherence remotely. Data Collection: Collects data that is relevant to the
problem that needs to be solved. This can include
IoT-based solutions offer real-time monitoring and data from various sources like temperature sensor, pulse
personalized care, potentially transforming healthcare sensor, accelerometer etc.
delivery for paralyzed individuals. Data Processing: Once the data is collected, it is
processed in various forms like sending some of the data
 Pratibodh – A Journal for Engineering

to cloud, making a decision out of some data for further

process.
Data Transmission: Once the data which need to be HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
sent to cloud is selected, it is transmitted to cloud. A. Hardware Implentation
Data Visualization: After sending the data over to cloud,
it is visualized in form of graphs.
The basic algorithm for projected is shown below:

Fig. 3. Hardware of IoT based Paralysis Patient

Fig. 1. Algorithm Flowchart Monitoring System

MPU6050 Data Acquisition: Arduino Uno is used to

interface with MPU6050 via I2C communication
protocol. It reads accelerometer and gyroscope data
from MPU6050. Algorithms are implemented to calculate
movement based on acquired data. Based on the
algorithms and movement detected, the data is shared
and the desired command is printed on Serial monitor
and LCD.

Pulse Sensor and LM35 Data Acquisition: Pulse

Sensor and LM35 are connected to Arduino Uno. The
Fig. 2. Block Diagram of Arduino with other components pulse sensor measures heart rate (BPM) and LM35
measures temperature data.

LCD Display and Buzzer Interaction: I2C module is

integrated for LCD display with Arduino Uno. The
commands associated with respective movements are
displayed on LCD. Buzzer provides audible alerts or
alarms based on predefined conditions.

ESP8266 Integration: Communication is established

between Arduino Uno and ESP8266 module. The module

2 | Page
 Pratibodh – A Journal for Engineering

is then programmed to connect to the Wi-Fi network

using different AT commands.

ThingSpeak Integration: A ThingSpeak account is

created and a channel is set up to receive sensor data.
By setting Buzzer pin on high and low and applying
desired time delay, an alarm is set up.

B. Software Implementation
ThingSpeak platform is used to store the data of the
IoT based paralysis patient monitoring system.
Through IoT, a network of interconnected devices is
built. These devices are the sensors that (a)
communicates and transmits data over IoT.
Communication protocols such as Wifi and
Bluetooth, etc. are used for exchanging the data.
Once the data reaches the cloud or in this case
ThingSpeak platform, it is processed and then
displayed in the form of graphs.
The data flow process is shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Block Diagram of Data Flow process

(b)

Fig. 5. Data displayed on ThingSpeak

The objectives of the monitoring system are:

• To monitor real time data remotely and
continuously (c)
• To store the monitored data on cloud
• To monitor if patient made a movement
• To provide an user-friendly interface

VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

(d)

3 | Page
 Pratibodh – A Journal for Engineering

[2] Sk Tahmed Salim Rafid, Afsana Anjum Anika, et al., “A Study on the
Development of an IoT-Based Health Monitoring System for Paralyzed
(Quadriplegic) Patients”, Dhaka: IEEE Access, 2023
[3] Ms. D. M. Kate, Ms. Ashwini Wadhai, Mr. Rushikesh Shrikhande,
“Paralysis Patients Monitoring System using GSM”, Nagpur: IJARSCT,
2022
[4] Dr. S. Usha, Dr. M. Karthik, et al., “IoT based Integrated Health Care
Monitoring System”, Perundurai: IEEE Access, 2023
[5] Roshan Jayswal, Rahul Gupta, K. K. Gupta, “Patient Health
Monitoring System Based on Internet of Things”, Pilani: IEEE Access,
2017
[6] Md. Manirul Islam, Fida Hasan Md. Rafi, et al., “Microcontroller
Based Health Care Monitoring System Using Sensor Network”, Dhaka:
IEEE Access, 2012
(e)
Fig. 6. (a) Results displayed on serial monitor (b)
[7] Ms. N. Renee Segrid Reddiyar, S.Remina, “IoT Based Paralysis
temperature values on ThingSpeak (c) pulse rate values Patient Health Care Monitoring System”, Tirunelveli: JUSST, 2021
on ThingSpeak (d) command ‘water’ displayed on LCD [8] Kulkarni Mayuri, Sanap Dnyaneshwari, “Paralysis Patients
(e) command ‘food’ displayed on LCD Healthcare Monitoring System”, Pandharpur: IRJMET, 2023
[9] K. Nandhini, N. Naveena, et al., “Designing of automated paralysis
patient healthcare system”, Chennai: BOHR, 2023
The system incorporated a Pulse Sensor, LM35 which [10] Vidya Sarode, Akash Dubey, et al., “Automated Paralysis Patient
measured the heart rate and temperature respectively. Health Care System”, Mumbai: IRJET, 2021
The value obtained from the sensors is displayed over [11] Vijay Kumar M, Vinu R, et. al., “Automated Paralysis Patient
Monitoring System”, Chennai: Research Gate, 2021
serial monitor. The MPU6050 detects the movement and
[12] Liew Yi Kent, Intan Farahana Binti Kamsin, “Implementation of IoT
by suitable algorithm, it is shown as a command on Serial in Patient Health Monitoring and Healthcare for Hospitals”, Malaysia:
Monitor as well as LCD as shown in Fig. 6. (a), (d) and ICIIC, 2021
(e). The system uses ESP8266-01 to transmit the data [13] L. Srinivasan, D. Selvaraj, et. al., “IoT-Based Solution for Paraplegic
Sufferer to Send Signals to Physician via Internet”, Chennai: IJEEE, 2023
obtained from pulse sensor and LM35 over cloud. This
[14] Dr. B. Srikanth, P. Divya, et. al., “Patient Health Monitoring Using
data is then displayed on ThingSpeak platform as shown Arduino Through IoT”, Guntur: IJRD, 2020
in Fig. 6. (b) and Fig. 6. (c). [15] Kruthika Godavari, K. Rajesh, et. al., “IOT Paralysis Patient Health
Care”, Telangana: JETIR, 2022
[16] Prajakta A. Jadhav, Snehal B. Jadhav, et. al., “An IoT Based
The advantages of the system are:
Approach In Paralysis Patient Heralthcare System”, IJEAST,2021
•Real-time monitoring [17] Sujin J S, Mukesh S, et. al., “IoT based Patient Monitoring System
•Remote Accessibility using TCP/IP Protocol”, Coimbatore: ICACCS, 2021
•Data Storage [18] Sanket Kad, Aishwarya Joshi, et. al., “IOT Based Paralysis Patient
Healthcare”, Research Gate, 2022
[19] Sharana Basavaraj B, Sai Kalyan Yadav, et. al., “IOT Based Paralysis
CONCLUSION Patient Health Monitoring System”, Karnataka: IRJET, 2022
The IoT-based paralysis patient monitoring system [20] Dr. Devasena A, Nagam Pragathi, et. al., “IoT Based Paralysis
addresses the specific needs and challenges faced by Patient Health Monitoring System”, Chennai: IJARSCT, 2023
[21] Diptee Gaikar, Pradnya Porlekar, et. al., “Automated Paralysis
individuals living with paralysis. Key components of the
Patient Healthcare System”, Dombivli: IJCRT, 2021
system include Arduino Uno Board, ESP8266 module, [22] Chandan.V. Jha, Ms.Dipalee .M. Kate, “IoT Based Automated
MPU6050 module, LCD Display, I2C module, Pulse Paralysis Patient Healthcare System”, Maharashtra: IJIIT, 2018
sensor, LM35, Buzzer, and others. These components [23] Saloni Tambakhe, Vaishnavi Suryawanshi, et. al., “Real time
Paralysis Patient Health Monitoring System using Wireless
enable the system to monitor vital signs such as heart
Communication”, Amravati: YMER, 2022
rate, temperature, as well as detect patient movements. [24] Rohit Malgaonkar, Saurabh Kamble, et. al., “Survey on Automated
It offers several advantages over traditional monitoring Paralysis Patient Healthcare Monitoring System”, Hadapsar: IJSRD,
methods, including real-time monitoring, improved data 2019
[25] Dr. Padmaja K. V, Hemanth Kumar. R, et. al., “IoT based Paralyzed
accuracy, automated alerting mechanisms, reduced
Patient Health and Body Movement Monitoring System”, Bangalore:
caregiver burden, and cost-effectiveness in the long run. IJRASET, 2021
It highlights the effectiveness of the system in providing [26] Euing Sangma, Prachi Patel, et. al., “IoT Based Automated Paralysis
continuous monitoring, accurate data collection, Healthcare System”, Sangli: IJAEM, 2022
[27] K. Aasika, G. Abinaya, et. al., “IOT Based Paralysis Patient
medication reminders, and ease of integration and user
Healthcare Monitoring System”, Thindal: IJNIET, 2022
experience. [28] Manoj Dhondiram Patil, Sanika Ravindra Sonavane, et. al., “IOT
Based Paralyzed Patient Health Monitoring System”, Maharashtra:
REFERENCES IJRPR, 2024
[1] Visalakshi Annepu, Naga Raju Challa, “Implementation of an [29] Shaik Mahammad Shahid, V. Kaviya, et. al., “IoT Based Automated
Efficient IoT Enabled Automated Paralysis Healthcare System”, Paralysis Patient
Amaravati: IEEE Access, 2023 Healthcare System using Aurdino
and GSM”, Chennai: IJMTST, 2024

4 | Page
 Pratibodh – A Journal for Engineering

[30] Mrs. X. Ignatius Selvarani, M. Abdul Ajis, et. al., “Health Care
Monitoring System for Paralysis Patient”, Tamil Nadu, IJARST, 2024

5 | Page