Python Program Algorithm

1.Temperature Conversion
Aim :
To create a menu driven program to convert the given
temperature from Fahrenheit from Celsius and vice-versa
depending upon users choice.
Algorithm :
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Declare a variable temp and read the input
temperature value from the user.
Step 3: If the user specifies the input temperature in
Fahrenheit (a == 'f'):
Step 4: Calculate the converted temperature in Celsius:
con_temp = (temp - 32) * 5/9.
Otherwise (if the user specifies the input temperature in
Celsius):
Step 5: Calculate the converted temperature in Fahrenheit:
con_temp = (9/5) * temp + 32.
Step 6: Display the converted temperature (con_temp).
Step 7: End the program.
2. Calculating Area of Different Shapes With Python

Aim :
To create a menu driven program using user defined function
to find the area of rectangle , square , circle , and triangle by
accepting suitable input parameters from user.
Algorithm :
Step 1: Print the menu with options for different shapes:
square, rectangle, triangle, and circle.
• Input Shape Option:
• Read the user’s choice (1, 2, 3, or 4) for the shape they
want to calculate the area for.
Step 2: Calculate Area:
• If the user selects option 1 (square)
• Calculate the area of the square using the formula: area
= side * side.
• Display the result.
Step 3: If the user selects option 2 (rectangle):
• Calculate the area of the rectangle using the formula:
area = length * breadth.
• Display the result.
Step 4: If the user selects option 3 (triangle):
• Calculate the area of the triangle using the formula: area
= 0.5 * base * height.
 • Display the result.
Step 5: If the user selects option 4 (circle):
• Calculate the area of the circle using the formula: area =
π * radius^2 (where π is approximately 3.14).
• Display the result.
Step 6: Invalid Input Handling:
• If the user enters an invalid option (other than 1, 2, 3, or
4), display an error message: “Enter valid input.”
Step 7: End the program.
 3.Fibonacci series

Aim:
To write a python program to display the first n terms of
Fibonacci series.
Algorithm :
Step 1:Print the message “Fibonacci series.”
Step 2: Declare the variable n And Initialize Variables:
• n1 with the value 0 (first term of the Fibonacci series).
• n2 with the value 1 (second term of the Fibonacci
series).
• count with the value 0 (to keep track of the number of
terms printed).
Step 3: Generate Fibonacci Series:
Step 4: Use a for loop to iterate from count to n-1 (since we
already have the first two terms).Inside the loop , Print the
value of n1 (the current term) without a newline.
Step 5: Calculate the next term nth by adding n1 and n2.
Step 6: Update the values of n1 and n2:
• n1 becomes the old value of n2.
• n2 becomes the new value of nth.
• Increment count by 1.
Step 7: End the program.
 4.Factorial Of The Given Number

Aim:
To write a python program to find factorial of the given
number.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Define a function named factorial.The function will
calculate the factorial of n.
Step 2: Declare an integer argument n.
Step 3: If n is equal to 1 or 2, return 1 (since the factorial of 1
and 2 is 1).Otherwise, calculate the factorial recursively.
Step 3: Multiply n by the factorial of (n-1).
Step 5: Prompt the user to input an integer value (num).
Step 6: Call the factorial function with the input value num.
Print the result: “Factorial of num is factorial(num).
Step 7: End the program.
 5.Sum Of Series

Aim: To write a python program to find some of the

following series for n terms.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Declare an integer value (n).
Step 2: Initialize Variables.
• fact with the value 1 (to store the factorial of each term).
• sum with the initial value 0 (to accumulate the
alternating sum).
Step 3: Calculate Factorial and Alternating Sum.
Step 4: Use a for loop to iterate from 1 to n.Inside the loop ,
Update the fact by multiplying it with the current value of i.If i
is odd (i.e., i % 2 == 1):
Step 4: Add the fraction (i / fact) to the sum.
Step 5: Print the term in the format i / i! -.Otherwise (if i is
even):Subtract the fraction (i / fact) from the sum.
Step 6:Print the term in the format i / i! +.
Step 7: Print the Final Result.After the loop, print the
accumulated alternating sum.
Step 8: End the program.
6.Sum And Product Of Two Compatible Matrices

Aim:
To write a python program to calculate the sum and product
of two compatible matrices.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Declare an input for the number of rows (row1) and
columns (col1) for the first matrix (m1).Read the elements of
the first matrix (m1).
Step 2: Declare an input for the number of rows (row2) and
columns (col2) for the second matrix (m2).Read the elements
of the second matrix (m2).
Step 3: Initialize Result Matrix:
• Create an empty result matrix (res) with dimensions
row1 × col1.
• Check Validity , If the dimensions of the two matrices
(m1 and m2) are not compatible for addition (i.e., row1
!= row2 or col1 != col2), print “Matrix addition is not
possible” and return.Otherwise, proceed to perform
matrix addition.
Step 4: Addition:
• For each element at position (i, j) in the result matrix
(res):
 • Calculate res[i][j] = m1[i][j] + m2[i][j].
Step 5: Print the resulting matrix (res).
Step 6: Matrix Multiplication.Prompt the user to input the
number of rows (row1) and columns (col1) for the first matrix
(m1).Read the elements of the first matrix (m1).
Step 7: Prompt the user to input the number of rows (row2)
and columns (col2) for the second matrix (m2).Read the
elements of the second matrix (m2).
Step 8: Initialize Result Matrix:
Step 9: Create an empty result matrix (res) with dimensions
row1 × col2.
Step 10: Check Validity , If the dimensions of the two
matrices (m1 and m2) are not compatible for multiplication
(i.e., col1 != row2), print “Matrix multiplication is not
possible” and return.Otherwise, proceed to perform matrix
multiplication.
Step 11: Multiplication:
• For each element at position (i, j) in the result matrix
(res):
• Initialize res[i][j] to 0.
• Calculate res[i][j] by summing the products of
corresponding elements from m1 and m2: res[i][j] +=
m1[i][k] * m2[k][j] for all k from 0 to col1-1.
Step 12: Print the resulting matrix (res).
Step 13: Prompt the user to choose between addition (1) or
multiplication (2).Call the appropriate function (matrixadd or
matrixmultiply based on the user’s choice.
Step 14: End the program.
 7.String Function

Aim:
To write a python program to explore string function.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Initialize a string variable str with the value
'HelloEveryone'.
Step 2: Print the string.Access First and Last Characters.
Step 3: Print the first character of the string: print('First
character =', str[0])
Step 4: Print the last character of the string using negative
indexing: print('Last character =', str[-1]).
Step 5: Access Substring (2nd to 5th Characters).Print the
substring from the 2nd to the 4th character (Python uses 0-
based indexing): print('2nd to 5th character =', str[1:4]).
Step 6: Calculate the total number of characters in the string
using the len() function: print('Total number of characters =',
len(str)).
Step 7: Convert the entire string to lowercase using the
lower() method: print('Lowercase =', str.lower()).
Step 8: Convert the entire string to uppercase using the
upper() method: print('Uppercase =', str.upper()).
Step 9: String Concatenation:
• Initialize two string variables s1 with the value
'computer' and s2 with the value 'science'.
• Concatenate the two strings using the + operator:
print('String concatenation =', s1 + s2).
Step 10: End the program.
8.Create And Read A CSV File Based On User Input

Aim:
To write a python program to create and read a csv file and
display the file contents.
Algorithm:
Step 1:Open CSV File for Writing.
Step 2: Use the open() function to open a CSV file named
'file.csv' in write mode ('w').
Step 3: Create a file object named csvfile.
Step 4: Write Data to CSV File.For each value of i in the
range from 1 to 4.
Step 5: Declare the input and the register number
(rn).Prompt the user to input the name (n).
Step 6: Create a list named save containing the register
number and name: save = [rn, n].Use the csv.writer object
to write the save list as a row in the CSV file.
Step 7: Close the CSV file using the close() method.
Step 8: Open CSV File for Reading.Use the open() function
to open the CSV file named 'file.csv' in read mode ('r').
Step 9: Create a file object named csvfile.Read Data from
CSV File:
• Create a csv.reader object named reader using the
csvfile.For each row in the reader.
Step 10: Print the row.
Step 11: End the program.
 9.Hello Python

Aim:
To write a python program to write the text “Hello Python”
in an existing file.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Open the File for Reading.Use the open() function
with the file name 'readme.txt' and mode 'r' (read) to open
the file.
Step 2: Create a file object named f.
Step 3: Read the entire content of the file using the read()
method and Store the content in the variable contents.
Step 4: Print the contents of the file.
Step 5: Open the File for Writing.Use the open() function
with the file name 'readme.txt' and mode 'w' (write) to
open the file.
Step 6: Create a file object named f.
Step 7: Write the line 'howtowritetextfileinpython' to the
file and Add a newline character ('\n') after writing the line.
Step 8: Print a message indicating that the file has been
written to and overwritten.
Step 9: Open the File for Appending.
Step 10: Use the open() function with the file name
'readme.txt' and mode 'a' (append) to open the file and
Create a file object named f.
Step 11: Write the line 'hellopython' to the file and Add a
newline character ('\n') after writing the line.
Step 12: Print a message indicating that the file has been
appended to.
Step 13: To reading the Appended Contents:
Open the File for Reading Again:
• Use the open() function with the file name 'readme.txt'
and mode 'r' (read) to open the file.
Step 14: Create a file object named f.Read to read the
Contents Again:
• Read the entire content of the file using the read()
method.
• Store the content in the variable content.
Step 15: Print the contents of the file after appending.
Step 16: End the program.
 10.Turtle In Python

Aim: To create a python program to set background color

and draw a circle using turtle module.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Import the turtle module to use its drawing
capabilities.
Step 2: Create a turtle object named Pen.
Step 3: Define the ring Function.The ring function takes
two arguments: col (color) and rad (radius).
Step 4: Set the fill color of the turtle to col and Begin filling
the shape.
Step 5: Draw a circle with the specified radius (rad) and
End the filling.
Step 6: Lift the pen (up) to move to a new position.
Step 7: Draw two black rings at positions (-35, 95) and (35,
95) with a radius of 15.
Step 8: Draw a white ring at position (0, 35) with a
radius of 40.
Step 9: Draw two small black rings at positions (-18, 75)
and (18, 75) with a radius of 8.
Step 10: Draw two small white rings at positions (-18, 77)
and (18, 77) with a radius of 4.
 Step 11: Draw a black circle at position (0, 55) with a
radius of 5.
Step 12: Draw two semicircles (top and bottom halves) at
position (0, 55) with a radius of 5.
Step 13: Hide the turtle cursor using pen.hideturtle().
Step 14: End the program.

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