PH 132: Experiment 2 EXAMINATION OF OHM’S LAW AND RESISTORS
POST LAB RESULTS AND QUESTIONS
PART A. 1. Complete Table 2.1 by calculating 1/R for each resistance and recording these values in the third column. Use the data from this table to plot 1/R on the x-axis and i on the y-axis of Graph 2.1. Obtain and draw the “best fit” line through the data points. Report the “R2 value” of the fit. Obtain the slope of this line. Compare this slope with the voltage delivered by the power supply (calculate the percentile difference).
R i 1/R I vs 1/R 100 0.05 0.01 0.06 200 0.025 0.005 y = 4.9865x + 0.0002 0.05 300 0.017 0.003333 R² = 0.9995
The Voltage we recorded was 5.018V. |𝑉1 +𝑉2 | × 100% = 2 |5.018+4.9865| × 100% = 0.6% 2
PART B
2. Complete Table 2.2 by determining the net resistance of each circuit using Ohm’s law,and by determining the theoretical resistances, using Eq. (2.2) (for circuit A), Eq. 2.4 (for circuit B), and Eq. 2.7 (for circuit C).
Circuit R1 R2 R3 total R A 268 497.4 106.8 877 B 497.4 478800 2150000 498.4 C 106.8 497.4 478800 609.3 PH132Lab2 2
3. You determined the net resistances in Table 2.2B using three different techniques.Calculate % difference between the resistances measured and those obtained from Ohm’s law:
Circuit V I R = V/I R eqn R measured
A 5.022 0.006 837 872.2 877 B 5.021 0.01 502.1 496.769006 498.4 Circuit 5.022 0.009 558 603.683814 609.3
If there are variations in these results, what are the main reasons for these variations?
The errors are negligible, however some factors that could’ve caused them are: imperfect equipment, additional resistance due to length of the circuit/area of contact between wire or the temperature influencing resistance.
4. Suppose that in the experiment for Fig. 2.1, you have only a fixed resistor (as opposed to the variable one used here) and a variable voltage source (as opposed to the fixed voltage source used here). Would you still be able to verify Ohm’s law with this fixed R and variable V ? How would you do such an experiment? With a sketch in the space below, indicate what kind of plot you would use in such an experiment (include axes labels and the slope term of the sketched plot). Explain your answer briefly.
𝑉 Yes, Ohm’s law states that 𝐼 = 𝑅 , thus the experiment would be conducted similarly, but instead of R we would change the V. I would graph I on the y-axis and V on the x-axis, making 1 the slope equal to 𝑅. PH132Lab2 3
I vs V (Projected Sketch) 0.07 0.06 y = 0.01x R² = 1 0.05 0.04 I (A)
0.03 0.02 0.01 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 V (V)
5. The resistor R1 of Fig 2.3 is essentially a cylinder of length of L1 cm, and cross sectional area of A1 cm2. Suppose that we cut it in two equal pieces (please don’t actually try to do this!) so that for each piece, the new length, is 2 but the radius and A1 are unchanged. Now we (uniformly) stretch one of the two pieces back to the original length, L1, of the unbroken resistor.
(a) Assuming that the volume of this broken stretched piece does not change during stretching, what is its cross-sectional area (call it ) after it is stretched? Express your answer in terms of A1. 𝐿1 𝐴1 𝑉 = × 𝐴1 = 𝐿1 × 𝐴1′′ → 𝐴1′′ = 2 2 (b) What is the final resistance of the “cut and stretched” piece of resistor mentioned above? Express your answer in terms of R1. 𝜌𝐿 𝑅1 𝐴1 𝜌1 𝐿1 𝑅= → 𝜌1 = → 𝑅𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 = = 2𝑅1 𝐴 𝐿1 𝐴1 2
