26/10/2024, 18:53 Exercises - Mastering Postgresql — Mastering SQL using Postgresql

Exercises - Mastering Postgresql

Here are the consolidated list of exercises covering all the key topics related to Postgresql to gain mastery over
SQL. Print to PDF

Ability to use native utilities to load data.

Perform CRUD or DML Operations.
Writing basic SQL queries.
Creating Tables, Indexes and Constraints.
Create and Load data into Partitioned Tables.
Ability to write advanced SQL queries primarily using Analytic Functions

Getting Started
Here is the exercise related to getting started module.

Exercise - Loading Data

As part of this exercise, you need to take care of loading data using COPY Command.

You can connect to the database using following details in the environment provided by us.
Host: localhost
Port: 5342
Database Name: YOUR_OS_USER_hr_db
User Name: YOUR_OS_USER_hr_user
Password: YOUR_OS_USER_PASSWORD (provided by us).
If you are using your own environment, make sure to create database for storing HR Data.
Database Name: hr_db
User Name: hr_user
You can create user with password of your choice.

CREATE DATABASE hr_db;

CREATE USER hr_user WITH PASSWORD 'hr_password';
GRANT ALL ON DATABASE hr_db TO hr_user;
GRANT pg_read_server_files TO hr_user;

Create table using this script.

CREATE TABLE employees

( employee_id INTEGER
, first_name VARCHAR(20)
, last_name VARCHAR(25)
, email VARCHAR(25)
, phone_number VARCHAR(20)
, hire_date DATE
, job_id VARCHAR(10)
, salary NUMERIC(8,2)
, commission_pct NUMERIC(2,2)
, manager_id INTEGER
, department_id INTEGER
) ;
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX emp_emp_id_pk
ON employees (employee_id) ;
ALTER TABLE employees ADD
PRIMARY KEY (employee_id);

Understand data.
Check for delimiters (record as well as field).
Check whether header exists or not.
Ensure number of fields for the table and data being loaded are same or not.
Load data into the table using COPY Command.
Validate by running these queries. You can also use SQL Workbench to run the queries to validate whether
data is loaded successfully or not.

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SELECT * FROM employees LIMIT 10;

SELECT count(1) FROM employees;

DML or CRUD Operations

Let’s create a table and perform database operations using direct SQL.

12 Exercise Database Operations

Exercise 1 - Create Table

Create table - courses

course_id - sequence generated integer and primary key

course_name - which holds alpha numeric or string values up to 60 characters
course_author - which holds the name of the author up to 40 characters
course_status - which holds one of these values (published, draft, inactive).
course_published_dt - which holds date type value.

Provide the script as answer for this exercise.

Exercise 2 - Inserting Data

Insert data into courses using the data provided. Make sure id is system generated.

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Course Name Course Author Course Status Course Published Date

Programming using Python Bob Dillon published 2020-09-30

Data Engineering using Python Bob Dillon published 2020-07-15

Data Engineering using Scala Elvis Presley draft

Programming using Scala Elvis Presley published 2020-05-12

Programming using Java Mike Jack inactive 2020-08-10

Web Applications - Python Flask Bob Dillon inactive 2020-07-20

Web Applications - Java Spring Mike Jack draft

Pipeline Orchestration - Python Bob Dillon draft

Streaming Pipelines - Python Bob Dillon published 2020-10-05

Web Applications - Scala Play Elvis Presley inactive 2020-09-30

Web Applications - Python Django Bob Dillon published 2020-06-23

Server Automation - Ansible Uncle Sam published 2020-07-05

Provide the insert statement(s) as answer for this exercise.

Exercise 3 - Updating Data

Update the status of all the draft courses related to Python and Scala to published along with the
course_published_dt using system date.

Provide the update statement as answer for this exercise.

Exercise 4 - Deleting Data

Delete all the courses which are neither in draft mode nor published.

Provide the delete statement as answer for this exercise.

Validation - Get count of all published courses by author and make sure output is sorted in descending order by
count.

SELECT course_author, count(1) AS course_count

FROM courses
WHERE course_status= 'published'
GROUP BY course_author

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Course Author Course Count

Bob Dillon 5

Elvis Presley 2

Uncle Sam 1

Basic SQL Queries

Here are some of the exercises for which you can write SQL queries to self evaluate.

Ensure that we have required database and user for retail data. We might provide the database as part of
our labs. Here are the instructions to use psql for setting up the required database (if required) and tables.

psql -U postgres -h localhost -p 5432 -W

CREATE DATABASE itversity_retail_db;

CREATE USER itversity_retail_user WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'retail_password';
GRANT ALL ON DATABASE itversity_retail_db TO itversity_retail_user;

Create Tables using the script provided. You can either use psql or SQL Workbench.

psql -U itversity_retail_user \
-h localhost \
-p 5432 \
-d itversity_retail_db \
-W

You can drop the existing tables.

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS order_items CASCADE;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS orders CASCADE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS customers CASCADE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS products CASCADE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS categories CASCADE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS departments CASCADE;

Once the tables are dropped you can run below script to create the tables for the purpose of exercises.

\i /data/retail_db/create_db_tables_pg.sql

Data shall be loaded using the script provided.

\i /data/retail_db/load_db_tables_pg.sql

Run queries to validate we have data in all the 3 tables.

Exercise 1 - Customer order count

Get order count per customer for the month of 2014 January.

Tables - orders and customers

Data should be sorted in descending order by count and ascending order by customer id.
Output should contain customer_id, customer_first_name, customer_last_name and customer_order_count.

Exercise 2 - Dormant Customers

Get the customer details who have not placed any order for the month of 2014 January.

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Tables - orders and customers

Data should be sorted in ascending order by customer_id
Output should contain all the fields from customers

Exercise 3 - Revenue Per Customer

Get the revenue generated by each customer for the month of 2014 January

Tables - orders, order_items and customers

Data should be sorted in descending order by revenue and then ascending order by customer_id
Output should contain customer_id, customer_first_name, customer_last_name, customer_revenue.
If there are no orders placed by customer, then the corresponding revenue for a give customer should be 0.
Consider only COMPLETE and CLOSED orders

Exercise 4 - Revenue Per Category

Get the revenue generated for each category for the month of 2014 January

Tables - orders, order_items, products and categories

Data should be sorted in ascending order by category_id.
Output should contain all the fields from category along with the revenue as category_revenue.
Consider only COMPLETE and CLOSED orders

Exercise 5 - Product Count Per Department

Get the products for each department.

Tables - departments, categories, products

Data should be sorted in ascending order by department_id
Output should contain all the fields from department and the product count as product_count

Managing Database Objects

This exercise is primarily to assess your capabilities related to put all important DDL concepts in practice by
coming up with solution for a typical data migration problem from one database (mysql) to another (postgres).

Here are the high level steps for database migration from one type of database to another type of database.
Extract DDL Statements from source database (MySQL).
Extract the data in the form of delimited files and ship them to target database.
Refactor scripts as per target database (Postgres).
Create tables in the target database.
Execute pre-migration steps (disable constraints, drop indexes etc).
Load the data using native utilities.
Execute post-migration steps (enable constraints, create or rebuild indexes, reset sequences etc).
Sanity checks with basic queries.
Make sure all the impacted applications are validated thoroughly.
We have scripts and data set available in our GitHub repository. If you are using our environment the
repository is already cloned under /data/retail_db.
It have scripts to create tables with primary keys. Those scripts are generated from MySQL tables and
refactored for Postgres.
Script to create tables: create_db_tables_pg.sql
Load data into tables: load_db_tables_pg.sql
Here are the steps you need to perform to take care of this exercise.
Create tables
Load data
All the tables have surrogate primary keys. Here are the details.
orders.order_id
order_items.order_item_id
customers.customer_id
products.product_id
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categories.category_id
departments.department_id
Get the maximum value from all surrogate primary key fields.
Create sequences for all surrogate primary key fields using maximum value. Make sure to use
standard naming conventions for sequences.
Ensure sequences are mapped to the surrogate primary key fields.
Create foreign key constraints based up on this information.
orders.order_customer_id to customers.customer_id
order_items.order_item_order_id to orders.order_id
order_items.order_item_product_id to products.product_id
products.product_category_id to categories.category_id
categories.category_department_id to departments.department_id
Insert few records in departments to ensure that sequence generated numbers are used for
department_id.
Here are the commands to launch psql and run scripts to create tables as well as load data into tables.

psql -U itversity_retail_user \
-h localhost \
-p 5432 \
-d itversity_retail_db \
-W

\i /data/retail_db/create_db_tables_pg.sql

\i /data/retail_db/load_db_tables_pg.sql

We use this approach of creating tables, loading data and then adding constraints as well as resetting
sequences for large volume data migrations from one database to another database.
Here are the commands or queries you need to come up with to solve this problem.

Exercise 1
Queries to get maximum values from surrogate primary keys.

Exercise 2
Commands to add sequences with START WITH pointing to the maximum value for the corresponding surrogate
primary key fields. Make sure to use meaningful names to sequences TABLENAME_SURROGATEFIELD_seq
(example: users_user_id_seq for users.user_id)

Exercise 3
Commands to alter sequences to bind them to corresponding surrogate primary key fields.

Exercise 4
Add Foreign Key constraints to the tables.

Validate if the tables have data violataing foreign key constraints (Hint: You can use left outer join to find
rows in child table but not in parent table)
Alter tables to add foreign keys as specified.
Here are the relationships for your reference.
orders.order_customer_id to customers.customer_id
order_items.order_item_order_id to orders.order_id
order_items.order_item_product_id to products.product_id
Solution should contain the following:
Commands to add foreign keys to the tables.

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Exercise 5
Queries to validate whether constraints are created or not. You can come up with queries against
information_schema tables such as columns, sequences etc.

Partitioning Tables
Here is the exercise to get comfort with partitioning. We will be using range partitioning.

Use retail database. Make sure orders table already exists.

Mastering SQL - Postgresql - Partitioning Tables and Index…

Index…

Exercise 1
Create table orders_part with the same columns as orders.

Partition the table by month using range partitioning on order_date.

Add 14 partitions - 13 based up on the data and 1 default. Here is the naming convention.
Default - orders_part_default
Partition for 2014 January - orders_part_201401

Exercise 2
Let us load and validate data in the partitioned table.

Load the data from orders into orders_part.

Get count on orders_part as well as all the 14 partitions. You should get 0 for default partition and all the
records should be distributed using the other 13 partitions.

Pre-Defined Functions
Here are the exercises to ensure our understanding related to Pre-Defined Functions.

We will use users table as well as other tables we got as part of retail database.
Information will be provided with each exercise.

%load_ext sql

%env
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://itversity_retail_user:retail_password@localh
ost:5432/itversity_retail_db

%%sql

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS users

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%%sql

CREATE TABLE users(

user_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
user_first_name VARCHAR(30),
user_last_name VARCHAR(30),
user_email_id VARCHAR(50),
user_gender VARCHAR(1),
user_unique_id VARCHAR(15),
user_phone_no VARCHAR(20),
user_dob DATE,
created_ts TIMESTAMP
)

%%sql

insert into users (

user_first_name, user_last_name, user_email_id, user_gender,
user_unique_id, user_phone_no, user_dob, created_ts
) VALUES
('Giuseppe', 'Bode', 'gbode0@imgur.com', 'M', '88833-8759',
'+86 (764) 443-1967', '1973-05-31', '2018-04-15 12:13:38'),
('Lexy', 'Gisbey', 'lgisbey1@mail.ru', 'F', '262501-029',
'+86 (751) 160-3742', '2003-05-31', '2020-12-29 06:44:09'),
('Karel', 'Claringbold', 'kclaringbold2@yale.edu', 'F', '391-33-
2823',
'+62 (445) 471-2682', '1985-11-28', '2018-11-19 00:04:08'),
('Marv', 'Tanswill', 'mtanswill3@dedecms.com', 'F', '1195413-80',
'+62 (497) 736-6802', '1998-05-24', '2018-11-19 16:29:43'),
('Gertie', 'Espinoza', 'gespinoza4@nationalgeographic.com', 'M',
'471-24-6869',
'+249 (687) 506-2960', '1997-10-30', '2020-01-25 21:31:10'),
('Saleem', 'Danneil', 'sdanneil5@guardian.co.uk', 'F', '192374-
933',
'+63 (810) 321-0331', '1992-03-08', '2020-11-07 19:01:14'),
('Rickert', 'O''Shiels', 'roshiels6@wikispaces.com', 'M', '749-27-
47-52',
'+86 (184) 759-3933', '1972-11-01', '2018-03-20 10:53:24'),
('Cybil', 'Lissimore', 'clissimore7@pinterest.com', 'M', '461-75-
4198',
'+54 (613) 939-6976', '1978-03-03', '2019-12-09 14:08:30'),
('Melita', 'Rimington', 'mrimington8@mozilla.org', 'F', '892-36-
676-2',
'+48 (322) 829-8638', '1995-12-15', '2018-04-03 04:21:33'),
('Benetta', 'Nana', 'bnana9@google.com', 'M', '197-54-1646',
'+420 (934) 611-0020', '1971-12-07', '2018-10-17 21:02:51'),
('Gregorius', 'Gullane', 'ggullanea@prnewswire.com', 'F', '232-55-
52-58',
'+62 (780) 859-1578', '1973-09-18', '2020-01-14 23:38:53'),
('Una', 'Glayzer', 'uglayzerb@pinterest.com', 'M', '898-84-336-6',
'+380 (840) 437-3981', '1983-05-26', '2019-09-17 03:24:21'),
('Jamie', 'Vosper', 'jvosperc@umich.edu', 'M', '247-95-68-44',
'+81 (205) 723-1942', '1972-03-18', '2020-07-23 16:39:33'),
('Calley', 'Tilson', 'ctilsond@issuu.com', 'F', '415-48-894-3',
'+229 (698) 777-4904', '1987-06-12', '2020-06-05 12:10:50'),
('Peadar', 'Gregorowicz', 'pgregorowicze@omniture.com', 'M', '403-
39-5-869',
'+7 (267) 853-3262', '1996-09-21', '2018-05-29 23:51:31'),
('Jeanie', 'Webling', 'jweblingf@booking.com', 'F', '399-83-05-
03',
'+351 (684) 413-0550', '1994-12-27', '2018-02-09 01:31:11'),
('Yankee', 'Jelf', 'yjelfg@wufoo.com', 'F', '607-99-0411',
'+1 (864) 112-7432', '1988-11-13', '2019-09-16 16:09:12'),
('Blair', 'Aumerle', 'baumerleh@toplist.cz', 'F', '430-01-578-5',
'+7 (393) 232-1860', '1979-11-09', '2018-10-28 19:25:35'),
('Pavlov', 'Steljes', 'psteljesi@macromedia.com', 'F', '571-09-
6181',
'+598 (877) 881-3236', '1991-06-24', '2020-09-18 05:34:31'),
('Darn', 'Hadeke', 'dhadekej@last.fm', 'M', '478-32-02-87',
'+370 (347) 110-4270', '1984-09-04', '2018-02-10 12:56:00'),
('Wendell', 'Spanton', 'wspantonk@de.vu', 'F', null,
'+84 (301) 762-1316', '1973-07-24', '2018-01-30 01:20:11'),
('Carlo', 'Yearby', 'cyearbyl@comcast.net', 'F', null,
'+55 (288) 623-4067', '1974-11-11', '2018-06-24 03:18:40'),
('Sheila', 'Evitts', 'sevittsm@webmd.com', null, '830-40-5287',
null, '1977-03-01', '2020-07-20 09:59:41'),
('Sianna', 'Lowdham', 'slowdhamn@stanford.edu', null, '778-0845',
null, '1985-12-23', '2018-06-29 02:42:49'),
('Phylys', 'Aslie', 'paslieo@qq.com', 'M', '368-44-4478',
'+86 (765) 152-8654', '1984-03-22', '2019-10-01 01:34:28')

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Exercise 1
Get all the number of users created per year.

Use users table for this exercise.

Output should contain 4 digit year and count.
Use date specific functions to get the year using created_ts.
Make sure you define aliases to the columns as created_year and user_count respectively.
Data should be sorted in ascending order by created_year.
When you run the query using Jupyter environment, it might have decimals for integers. Hence you can
display results even with decimal points.
Here is the sample output.

created_year user_count

2018 13

2019 4

2020 8

Exercise 2
Get the day name of the birth days for all the users born in the month of June.

Use users table for this exercise.

Output should contain user_id, user_dob, user_email_id and user_day_of_birth.
Use date specific functions to get the month using user_dob.
user_day_of_birth should be full day with first character in upper case such as Tuesday
Data should be sorted by day with in the month of May.

user_id user_dob user_email_id user_day_of_birth

4 1998-05-24 mtanswill3@dedecms.com Sunday

12 1983-05-26 uglayzerb@pinterest.com Thursday

1 1973-05-31 gbode0@imgur.com Thursday

2 2003-05-31 lgisbey1@mail.ru Saturday

Exercise 3
Get the names and email ids of users added in year 2019.

Use users table for this exercise.

Output should contain user_id, user_name, user_email_id, created_ts, created_year.
Use date specific functions to get the year using created_ts.
user_name is a derived column by concatenating user_first_name and user_last_name with space in
between.
user_name should have values in upper case.
Data should be sorted in ascending order by user_name

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user_id user_name user_email_id created_ts created_year

8 CYBIL LISSIMORE clissimore7@pinterest.com 2019-12-09 14:08:30 2019.0

25 PHYLYS ASLIE paslieo@qq.com 2019-10-01 01:34:28 2019.0

12 UNA GLAYZER uglayzerb@pinterest.com 2019-09-17 03:24:21 2019.0

17 YANKEE JELF yjelfg@wufoo.com 2019-09-16 16:09:12 2019.0

Exercise 4
Get the number of users by gender.

Use users table for this exercise.

Output should contain gender and user_count.
For males the output should display Male and for females the output should display Female.
If gender is not specified, then it should display Not Specified.
Data should be sorted in descending order by user_count.

user_gender user_count

Female 13

Male 10

Not Specified 2

Exercise 5
Get last 4 digits of unique ids.

Use users table for this exercise.

Output should contain user_id, user_unique_id and user_unique_id_last4
Unique ids are either null or not null.
Unique ids contain numbers and hyphens and are of different length.
We need to get last 4 digits discarding hyphens only when the number of digits are at least 9.
If unique id is null, then you should dispaly Not Specified.
After discarding hyphens, if unique id have less than 9 digits then you should display Invalid Unique Id.
Data should be sorted by user_id. You might see None or null for those user ids where there is no unique id
for user_unique_id

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user_id user_unique_id user_unique_id_last4

1 88833-8759 8759

2 262501-029 1029

3 391-33-2823 2823

4 1195413-80 1380

5 471-24-6869 6869

6 192374-933 4933

7 749-27-47-52 4752

8 461-75-4198 4198

9 892-36-676-2 6762

10 197-54-1646 1646

11 232-55-52-58 5258

12 898-84-336-6 3366

13 247-95-68-44 6844

14 415-48-894-3 8943

15 403-39-5-869 5869

16 399-83-05-03 0503

17 607-99-0411 0411

18 430-01-578-5 5785

19 571-09-6181 6181

20 478-32-02-87 0287

21 Not Specified

22 Not Specified

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user_id user_unique_id user_unique_id_last4

23 830-40-5287 5287

24 778-0845 Invalid Unique Id

25 368-44-4478 4478

Exercise 6
Get the count of users based up on country code.

Use users table for this exercise.

Output should contain country code and count.
There should be no + in the country code. It should only contain digits.
Data should be sorted as numbers by country code.
We should discard user_phone_no with null values.
Here is the desired output:

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country_code user_count

1 1

7 2

48 1

54 1

55 1

62 3

63 1

81 1

84 1

86 4

229 1

249 1

351 1

370 1

380 1

420 1

598 1

Exercise 7
Let us validate if we have invalid order_item_subtotal as part of order_items table.

order_items table have 6 fields.

order_item_id
order_item_order_id
order_item_product_id
order_item_quantity
order_item_subtotal
order_item_product_price

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order_item_subtotal is nothing but product of order_item_quantity and order_item_product_price. It

means order_item_subtotal is compute by multiplying order_item_quantity and order_item_product_price
for each item.
You need to get the count of order_items where order_item_subtotal is not equal to the product of
order_item_quantity and order_item_product_price.
There can be issues related to rounding off. Make sure it is taken care using appropriate function.
Output should be 0 as there are no such records.

count

Exercise 8
Get number of orders placed on weekdays and weekends in the month of January 2014.

orders have 4 fields

order_id
order_date
order_customer_id
order_status
Use order date to determine the day on which orders are placed.
Output should contain 2 columns - day_type and order_count.
day_type should have 2 values Week days and Weekend days.
Here is the desired output.

day_type order_count

Weekend days 1505

Week days 4403

Analytics Functions
Let us take care of the exercises related to analytics functions. We will be using HR database for the same.

Get all the employees who is making more than average salary with in each department.
Get cumulative salary for one of the department along with department name.
Get top 3 paid employees with in each department by salary (use dense_rank)
Get top 3 products sold in the month of 2014 January by revenue.
Get top 3 products in each category sold in the month of 2014 January by revenue.

Prepare HR Database
Here are the steps to prepare HR database.

Connect to HR DB using psql or SQL Workbench. Here is the sample psql command.

psql -h localhost \
-p 5432 \
-d itversity_hr_db \
-U itversity_hr_user \
-W

Run scripts to create tables and load the data. You can also drop the tables if they already exists.

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\i /data/hr_db/drop_tables_pg.sql
\i /data/hr_db/create_tables_pg.sql
\i /data/hr_db/load_data_pg.sql

Validate to ensure that data is available in the tables by running these queries.

%load_ext sql

%env
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://itversity_hr_user:hr_password@localhost:5432
/itversity_hr_db

env:
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://itversity_hr_user:hr_password@localhost:54
32/itversity_hr_db

%sql SELECT * FROM employees LIMIT 10

* postgresql://itversity_hr_user:***@localhost:5432/itversity_hr_db
10 rows affected.

employee_id first_name last_name email phone_number hir

19
100 Steven King SKING 515.123.4567

19
101 Neena Kochhar NKOCHHAR 515.123.4568

19
102 Lex De Haan LDEHAAN 515.123.4569

19
103 Alexander Hunold AHUNOLD 590.423.4567

19
104 Bruce Ernst BERNST 590.423.4568

19
105 David Austin DAUSTIN 590.423.4569

19
106 Valli Pataballa VPATABAL 590.423.4560

19
107 Diana Lorentz DLORENTZ 590.423.5567

19
108 Nancy Greenberg NGREENBE 515.124.4569

19
109 Daniel Faviet DFAVIET 515.124.4169

%%sql

SELECT * FROM departments

ORDER BY manager_id NULLS LAST
LIMIT 10

* postgresql://itversity_hr_user:***@localhost:5432/itversity_hr_db
10 rows affected.

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department_id department_name manager_id location_id

90 Executive 100 1700

60 IT 103 1400

100 Finance 108 1700

30 Purchasing 114 1700

50 Shipping 121 1500

80 Sales 145 2500

10 Administration 200 1700

20 Marketing 201 1800

40 Human Resources 203 2400

70 Public Relations 204 2700

Prepare Retail Database

Make sure to drop and recreate the tables before taking care of the exercises related to retail database.

Ensure that we have required database and user for retail data. We might provide the database as part of
our labs. Here are the instructions to use psql for setting up the required database (if required) and tables.

psql -U postgres -h localhost -p 5432 -W

CREATE DATABASE itversity_retail_db;

CREATE USER itversity_retail_user WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'retail_password';
GRANT ALL ON DATABASE itversity_retail_db TO itversity_retail_user;

Create Tables using the script provided. You can either use psql or SQL Workbench.

psql -U itversity_retail_user \
-h localhost \
-p 5432 \
-d itversity_retail_db \
-W

You can drop the existing tables.

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS order_items CASCADE;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS orders CASCADE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS customers CASCADE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS products CASCADE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS categories CASCADE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS departments CASCADE;

Once the tables are dropped you can run below script to create the tables for the purpose of exercises.

\i /data/retail_db/create_db_tables_pg.sql

Data shall be loaded using the script provided.

\i /data/retail_db/load_db_tables_pg.sql

Run queries to validate we have data in all the 3 tables.

%load_ext sql

The sql extension is already loaded. To reload it, use:

%reload_ext sql

%env
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://itversity_retail_user:retail_password@localh
ost:5432/itversity_retail_db

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env:
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://itversity_retail_user:retail_password@loca
lhost:5432/itversity_retail_db

%sql SELECT * FROM orders LIMIT 10

10 rows affected.

order_id order_date order_customer_id order_status

2013-07-25
1 11599 CLOSED
00:00:00

2013-07-25
2 256 PENDING_PAYMENT
00:00:00

2013-07-25
3 12111 COMPLETE
00:00:00

2013-07-25
4 8827 CLOSED
00:00:00

2013-07-25
5 11318 COMPLETE
00:00:00

2013-07-25
6 7130 COMPLETE
00:00:00

2013-07-25
7 4530 COMPLETE
00:00:00

2013-07-25
8 2911 PROCESSING
00:00:00

2013-07-25
9 5657 PENDING_PAYMENT
00:00:00

2013-07-25
10 5648 PENDING_PAYMENT
00:00:00

%sql SELECT count(1) FROM orders

*
postgresql://itversity_retail_user:***@localhost:5432/itversity_reta
il_db
1 rows affected.

count

68883

%sql SELECT * FROM order_items LIMIT 10

*
postgresql://itversity_retail_user:***@localhost:5432/itversity_reta
il_db
10 rows affected.

order_item_id order_item_order_id order_item_product_id order_item_

1 1 957

2 2 1073

3 2 502

4 2 403

5 4 897

6 4 365

7 4 502

8 4 1014

9 5 957

10 5 365

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%sql SELECT count(1) FROM order_items

*
postgresql://itversity_retail_user:***@localhost:5432/itversity_reta
il_db
1 rows affected.

count

172198

%sql SELECT * FROM products LIMIT 10

*
postgresql://itversity_retail_user:***@localhost:5432/itversity_reta
il_db
10 rows affected.

product_id product_category_id product_name product_description p

Quest Q64 10
FT. x 10 FT.
1 2
Slant Leg
Instant U

Under Armour
Men's
2 2
Highlight MC
Football Clea

Under Armour
Men's
3 2 Renegade D
Mid Football
Cl

Under Armour
Men's
4 2 Renegade D
Mid Football
Cl

Riddell Youth
Revolution
5 2
Speed Custom
Footbal

Jordan Men's
6 2 VI Retro TD
Football Cleat

Schutt Youth
Recruit
7 2 Hybrid
Custom
Football H

Nike Men's
Vapor Carbon
8 2
Elite TD
Football Cle

Nike Adult
Vapor Jet 3.0
9 2
Receiver
Gloves

Under Armour
Men's
10 2
Highlight MC
Football Clea

%sql SELECT count(1) FROM products

*
postgresql://itversity_retail_user:***@localhost:5432/itversity_reta
il_db
1 rows affected.

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count

1345

Exercise 1
Get all the employees who is making more than average salary with in each department.

Use HR database employees and department tables for this problem.

Compute average salary expense for each department and get those employee details who are making more
salary than average salary.
Make sure average salary expense per department is rounded off to 2 decimals.
Output should contain employee_id, department_name, salary and avg_salary_expense (derived field).
Data should be sorted in ascending order by department_id and descending order by salary.

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employee_id department_name salary avg_salary_expense

201 Marketing 13000.00 9500.00

114 Purchasing 11000.00 4150.00

121 Shipping 8200.00 3475.56

120 Shipping 8000.00 3475.56

122 Shipping 7900.00 3475.56

123 Shipping 6500.00 3475.56

124 Shipping 5800.00 3475.56

184 Shipping 4200.00 3475.56

185 Shipping 4100.00 3475.56

192 Shipping 4000.00 3475.56

193 Shipping 3900.00 3475.56

188 Shipping 3800.00 3475.56

137 Shipping 3600.00 3475.56

189 Shipping 3600.00 3475.56

141 Shipping 3500.00 3475.56

103 IT 9000.00 5760.00

104 IT 6000.00 5760.00

145 Sales 14000.00 8955.88

146 Sales 13500.00 8955.88

147 Sales 12000.00 8955.88

168 Sales 11500.00 8955.88

148 Sales 11000.00 8955.88

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employee_id department_name salary avg_salary_expense

174 Sales 11000.00 8955.88

149 Sales 10500.00 8955.88

162 Sales 10500.00 8955.88

156 Sales 10000.00 8955.88

150 Sales 10000.00 8955.88

169 Sales 10000.00 8955.88

170 Sales 9600.00 8955.88

163 Sales 9500.00 8955.88

151 Sales 9500.00 8955.88

157 Sales 9500.00 8955.88

158 Sales 9000.00 8955.88

152 Sales 9000.00 8955.88

100 Executive 24000.00 19333.33

108 Finance 12000.00 8600.00

109 Finance 9000.00 8600.00

205 Accounting 12000.00 10150.00

%load_ext sql

%env
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://itversity_hr_user:hr_password@localhost:5432
/itversity_hr_db

env:
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://itversity_hr_user:hr_password@localhost:54
32/itversity_hr_db

Exercise 2
Get cumulative salary with in each department for Finance and IT department along with department name.

Use HR database employees and department tables for this problem.

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Compute cumulative salary expense for Finance as well as IT departments with in respective departments.
Make sure cumulative salary expense per department is rounded off to 2 decimals.
Output should contain employee_id, department_name, salary and cum_salary_expense (derived field).
Data should be sorted in ascending order by department_name and then salary.

employee_id department_name salary cum_salary_expense

113 Finance 6900.00 6900.00

111 Finance 7700.00 14600.00

112 Finance 7800.00 22400.00

110 Finance 8200.00 30600.00

109 Finance 9000.00 39600.00

108 Finance 12000.00 51600.00

107 IT 4200.00 4200.00

106 IT 4800.00 9000.00

105 IT 4800.00 13800.00

104 IT 6000.00 19800.00

103 IT 9000.00 28800.00

Exercise 3
Get top 3 paid employees with in each department by salary (use dense_rank)

Use HR database employees and department tables for this problem.

Highest paid employee should be ranked first.
Output should contain employee_id, department_id, department_name, salary and employee_rank (derived
field).
Data should be sorted in ascending order by department_id in ascending order and then salary in
descending order.

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employee_id department_id department_name salary employee_rank

200 10 Administration 4400.00 1

201 20 Marketing 13000.00 1

202 20 Marketing 6000.00 2

114 30 Purchasing 11000.00 1

115 30 Purchasing 3100.00 2

116 30 Purchasing 2900.00 3

203 40 Human Resources 6500.00 1

121 50 Shipping 8200.00 1

120 50 Shipping 8000.00 2

122 50 Shipping 7900.00 3

103 60 IT 9000.00 1

104 60 IT 6000.00 2

105 60 IT 4800.00 3

106 60 IT 4800.00 3

204 70 Public Relations 10000.00 1

145 80 Sales 14000.00 1

146 80 Sales 13500.00 2

147 80 Sales 12000.00 3

100 90 Executive 24000.00 1

101 90 Executive 17000.00 2

102 90 Executive 17000.00 2

108 100 Finance 12000.00 1

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employee_id department_id department_name salary employee_rank

109 100 Finance 9000.00 2

110 100 Finance 8200.00 3

205 110 Accounting 12000.00 1

206 110 Accounting 8300.00 2

Exercise 4
Get top 3 products sold in the month of 2014 January by revenue.

Use retail database tables such as orders, order_items and products.

Highest revenue generating product should come at top.
Consider only those orders which are either in COMPLETE or CLOSED status.
Output should contain product_id, product_name, revenue, product_rank. revenue and product_rank are
derived fields.
Data should be sorted in descending order by revenue.

product_id product_name revenue product_rank

1004 Field & Stream Sportsman 16 Gun Fire Safe 250787.46 1

365 Perfect Fitness Perfect Rip Deck 151474.75 2

957 Diamondback Women’s Serene Classic Comfort Bi 148190.12 3

Exercise 5
Get top 3 products sold in the month of 2014 January under selected categories by revenue. The categories are
Cardio Equipment and Strength Training.

Use retail database tables such as orders, order_items, products as well as categories.
Highest revenue generating product should come at top.
Consider only those orders which are either in COMPLETE or CLOSED status.
Output should contain category_id, category_name, product_id, product_name, revenue, product_rank.
revenue and product_rank are derived fields.
Data should be sorted in ascending order by category_id and descending order by revenue.

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category_id category_name product_id product_name revenue product_rank

9 Cardio 191 Nike Men’s Free 5.0+ 132286.77 1

Equipment Running Shoe

9 Cardio 172 Nike Women’s Tempo 870.00 2

Equipment Shorts

10 Strength 208 SOLE E35 Elliptical 1999.99 1

Training

10 Strength 203 GoPro HERO3+ Black 1199.97 2

Training Edition Camera

10 Strength 216 Yakima DoubleDown Ace 189.00 3

Training Hitch Mount 4-Bike Rack

By Durga Gadiraju
© Copyright ITVersity, Inc.

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