INTERFACE PYTHON WITH

MYSQL

Connecting Python application with MySQL

Introduction
 Every application required data to be stored for future
reference to manipulate data. Today every application
stores data in database for this purpose
 For example, reservation system stores passengers’
details for reserving the seats and later on for sending
some messages or for printing tickets etc.
 In school student details are saved for many reasons
like attendance, fee collections, exams, report card etc.
 Python allows us to connect all types of database like
Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL.
 In our syllabus we have to understand how to connect
Python programs with MySQL
Pre-requisite to connect Python with
MySQL
 Before we connect python program with any database
like MySQL we need to build a bridge to connect
Python and MySQL.
 To build this bridge so that data can travel both ways
we need a connector called “mysql.connector”.
 We can install “mysql.connector” by using following
methods:
 At command prompt (Administrator login)
 Type “pip install mysql.connector” and press enter
 (internet connection in required)
 This connector will work only for MySQL 5.7.3 or later
Connecting to MySQL from Python
 Once the connector is installed you are ready to
connect your python program to MySQL.
 The following steps to follow while connecting your
python program with MySQL
 Open python
 Import the package required (import mysql.connector)
 Open the connection to database
 Create a cursor instance
 Execute the query and store it in resultset
 Extract data from resultset
 Clean up the environment
Importing mysql.connector
import mysql.connector

Or

import mysql.connector as ms

Here “ms” is an alias, so every time we can use “ms” in

place of “mysql.connector”
 Open a connection to MySQL Database

 To create connection, connect() function is used

 Its syntax is:
 connect(host=<server_name>,user=<user_name>,
passwd=<password>[,database=<database>])

 Here server_name means database servername, generally

it is given as “localhost”
 User_name means user by which we connect with mysql
generally it is given as “root”
 Password is the password of user “root”
 Database is the name of database whose data(table) we
want to use
Example: To establish connection with MySQL

is_connected() function returns

true if connection is established
otherwise false

“mys” is an alias of package “mysql.connector”

“mycon” is connection object which stores connection established with MySQL
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“connecStA(C)”HINfuBnHcAtiRoDnWisAJu, sPeGdT(CtoS),cKoVnnNeOc.t1 wTEiZthPUmR ysql by specifying parameters
like host, user, passwd, database
Table to work (emp)
Creating Cursor
 It is a useful control structure of database connectivity.
 When we fire a query to database, it is executed and
resultset (set of records) is sent over he connection in
one go.
 We may want to access data one row at a time, but
query processing cannot happen as one row at a time,
so cursor help us in performing this task. Cursor stores
all the data as a temporary container of returned data
and we can fetch data one row at a time from Cursor.
Creating Cursor and Executing Query

 TO CREATE CURSOR
 Cursor_name = connectionObject.cursor()
 For e.g.

 mycursor = mycon.cursor()

 TO EXECUTE QUERY
 We use execute () function to send query to connection
 Cursor_name.execute(query)
 For e.g.
 mycursor.execute(„select * from emp‟ )
Example - Cursor

Output shows cursor is created and query is fired and stored, but no data is
coming. To fetch data we have to use functions like fetchall(), fetchone(),
fetchmany() are used
Fetching(extracting) data from ResultSet

 To extract data from cursor following functions are used:

 fetchall() : it will return all the record in the form of
tuple.
 fetchone (): it returns one record from the result set. i.e.
first time it will return first record, next time it will return
second record and so on. If no more record it will return
None
 fetchmany(n): it will return n number of records. It no
more record it will return an empty tuple.
 rowcount: it will return number of rows retrieved from
the cursor so far.
Example – fetchall()
Example 2 – fetchall()
Example 3 – fetchall()
Example 4: fetchone()
Example 5: fetchmany(n)
Guess the output
Parameterized Query
 We can pass values to query to perform dynamic
search like we want to search for any employee
number entered during runtime or to search any
other column values.
 To Create Parameterized query, we can use various
methods like:
 Concatenating dynamic variable to query in which
values are entered.
 String template with % formatting
 String template with {} and format function
Concatenating variable with query
String template with %s formatting
 In this method we will use %s in place of values to
substitute and then pass the value for that place.
String template with %s formatting
String template with {} and format()

 In this method in place of %s we will use {} and to

pass values for these placeholder format() is used.
Inside we can optionally give 0,1,2… values for e.g.
{0},{1} but its not mandatory. we can also optionally
pass named parameter inside {} so that while passing
values through format function we need not to
remember the order of value to pass. For e.g.
{roll},{name} etc.
String template with {} and format()
String template with {} and format()
Inserting data in MySQL table from Python

 INSERT and UPDATE operation are executed in the

same way we execute SELECT query using execute()
but one thing to remember, after executing insert or
update query we must commit our query using
connection object with commit().
 For e.g. (if our connection object name is mycon)
 mycon.commit()
 BEFORE PROGRAM EXECUTION

Example : inserting data

AFTER PROGRAM EXECUTION

Example: Updating record