21CSS202J Computer Networks Lab Manual

21CSC302J COMPUTER NETWORKS
LABORATORY MANUAL
offered by
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Ramapuram, Chennai 600089
Academic year: 2024 – 2025

Semester: III
21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram Campus
Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Department of IT
18CSS202J COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY

2024-2025 (ODD Semester)
Department: IT
Year/Semester: II/III
Name of the Student:
Register Number:
Date of Submission:
Staff Name :
Signature :

18CSS202J COMPUTER COMMUNICATION LABORATORY
List of Experiments
S.N Date of Name of the Experiment Marks Faculty

o Experiment signature
1. STUDY OF NETWORK COMPONENTS
2. IP CONFIGURATION
3. SUBNETTING
4. LAN CONFIGURATION USING STRAIGHT
THROUGH AND CROSS OVER CABLES
5. ROUTER CONFIGURATION- CREATING
PASSWORDS, CONFIGURING INTERFACES
6. BASIC SWITCH CONFIGURATION: VLAN
7. CONFIGURING ROUTERS IN STATIC
MODE USING PACKET TRACER
8. ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL
USING PACKET TRACER(DEFAULT
ROUTING)
VERSION 1
VERSION 2
11. ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY
ROUTING PROTOCOL
12. SINGLE AREA OSPF LINK COSTS AND
INTERFACES
13. MULTI AREA OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST
ROUTING PROTOCOL
14. BORDER GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL

EXPERIMENT-1
STUDY OF NETWORK COMPONENTS
Aim: To study the following network devices in detail

 PC
 Server
 Repeater
 Hub
 Switch
 Bridge
 Router
 Gate Way
 Transmission medium
1. Node: In a communications network, a network node is a connection point that can receive,
create, store or send data along distributed network routes.
2. Repeater: Functioning at Physical Layer.

A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher
level and/or higher power, or onto the other side of an obstruction, so that the signal
can cover longer distances.

3. Hub: An Ethernet hub, active hub, network hub, repeater hub
Hub or concentrator is a device for connecting multiple twisted pair or fiber optic
Ethernet devices together and making them act as a single network segment. Hubs
work at the physical layer (layer 1) of the OSI model. The device is a form of
multiport repeater. Repeater hubs also participate in collision detection, forwarding
a jam signal to all ports if it detects a collision.
4. Switch: A network switch is a computer networking device that connects

network segments. The term commonly refers to a network bridge that processes
and routes data at the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Switches that
additionally process data at the network layer (layer 3 and above) are often
referred to as Layer 3 switches or multilayer switches.

5.Bridge: A network bridge connects multiple network segments at the data link
layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model. In Ethernet networks, the term bridge formally
means a device that behaves according to the IEEE 802.1D standard. A bridge and
switch are very much alike; a switch being a bridge with numerous ports. Switch
or Layer 2 switch is often used interchangeably with bridge. Bridges can analyze
incoming data packets to determine if the bridge is able to send the given packet to
another segment of the network.

6.Router: A router is an electronic device that interconnects two or more computer
networks, and selectively interchanges packets of data between them. Each data
packet contains address information that a router can use to determine if the source
and destination are on the same network, or if the data packet must be transferred
from one network to another. Where multiple routers are used in a large collection of
interconnected networks, the routers exchange information about target system
addresses, so that each router can build up a table showing the preferred paths
between any two systems on the interconnected networks.
7. Gate Way: In a communications network, a network node equipped for interfacing

with another network that uses different protocols. A gateway may contain devices
such as protocol translators, impedance matching devices, rate converters, fault isolators,
signal translators as necessary to provide system interoperability. It also requires the
establishment of mutually acceptable administrative procedures between both networks
. A protocol translation/mapping gateway interconnects networks with different network
protocol technologies by performing the required protocol conversions.
.

8.Server:A server is a type of computer or device on a network that manages network resources.
Servers are often dedicated, meaning that they perform no other tasks besides their server tasks.
Onmultiprocessing operating systems, however, a single computer
can execute several programs at once. A server in this case could refer to the program that is
managing resources rather than the entire computer.
9. Transmission media: The medium through which the signals travel from one device to
another. These are classified as guided and unguided. Guided media are those that provide a
conduit from one device to another. Eg Twisted pair, coaxial cable etc. Unguided media
transport signals without using physical cables. Eg. Air.
Result: Thus the network components are studied in detail.

EXPERIMENT-2
IP CONFIGURATION
Aim: To configure the IP address for the hosts in a star topology
Software/Components required: Cisco Packet Tracer 7.1/End devices, Generic

Hub, connectors.
Procedure
Steps for building topology:
Step 1: Start Packet Tracer
Step 2: Choosing Devices and Connections
Step 3: Building the Topology – Adding Hosts
Click on the end devices.
Click on the generic host.
Move the cursor into topology area.
Single click in the topology area and it copies the device.
Step 4: Building the Topology – Connecting the Hosts to Hub
Select a generic Hub, by clicking once on Hub and once on a generic hub
Step 5: Connect PCs to host by first choosing Connections
Click once on the Copper Straight-through cable
Click once on PC0
Choose Fastethernet
Drag the cursor to Hub0
Click once on Hub0.
Step 6: Configuring IP Addresses and Subnet Masks on the Hosts
To start communication between the hosts IP Addresses and subnet masks had to be
configured on the devices. Click once on PC0. Choose the Config tab and click on
FastEthernet0. Type the IP address in its field. Click on the subnet mask.it will be
generated automatically.
Step 7: To confirm Data transfer between the devices
Click on the node. Select desktop option and then command prompt. Once the window
pops up, ping the IP address of the device to which node0 is connected. Ping statistics
will be displayed. (or)
Verifying Connectivity in Real time Mode
Click on the Real time mode.
Select the Add Simple PDU tool used to ping devices.
Click once on PC0, then once on PC3.
The PDU Last Status should show as Successful.
Verifying Connectivity in Simulation Mode
Click on the Simulation mode.
Disable all filters and select only ICMP.
Select the Add Simple PDU tool used to ping devices
Click once on PC0, then once on PC3.Continue clicking Capture/Forward button
until the ICMP ping is completed. The ICMP messages move between the hosts, hub
and switch. The PDU Last Status should show as successful.

Simulated Output:
Result: Thus the hosts in a Star topology are configured and simulated using Packet Tracer 7.1
simulation Tool.

EXPERIMENT 3
SUBNETTING
Aim: To subnet a given network and simulate using Cisco packet tracer simulation tool
Software used: Cisco Packet Tracer
Network components: PCs-6, Routers 2, Connectors, switches 2
Scenario: To subnet a network with IP address: 192.168.1.0/27 and to find the subnet network
address, broadcast address and host address of the subnets.
(i) Total no of subnets in this IP address = 2^n = 2^3=8 Networks

(ii) No of hosts in each sub network: 256 (0 to 255) = 256/8=32 Hosts
iii) The subnet mask is : 255.255.255.224

255 255 255 224
11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000
iv) The number of subnets is 8 .The first address of the subnet is the network address, last
address is the broadcast address and the remaining 30 addresses are allocated to the hosts.
NETWORK BROADCAST
NETWORK IP ID HOST ID ID
NETWORK 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1
192.168.1.0 192.168.1.31
1 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.30
NETWORK 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.33
192.168.1.32 192.168.1.63
2 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.62
NETWORK 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.65
192.168.1.64 192.168.1.95
3 192.168.1.95 192.168.1.94
NETWORK 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.97
192.168.1.96 192.168.1.127
4 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.126
192.168.1.128 192.168.1.129
NETWORK
192.168.1.159 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.159
5 192.168.1.158
NETWORK 192.168.1.160 192.168.1.161

192.168.1.160 192.168.1.191
6
192.168.1.191 192.168.1.190

192.168.1.192 192.168.1.193
NETWORK
192.168.1.192 192.168.1.223
7 192.168.1.223 192.168.1.222
NETWORK 192.168.1.224 192.168.1.225

192.168.1.224 192.168.1.255
8 192.168.1.255 192.168.1.254
Procedure:
Step 1: Select the generic hosts, switches and routers

Step 2: Connect the host, switches and routers using copper cross over and router to router
using serial DCE
Step 3: Identify the networks and label as 192.168.1.0, 192.168.1.32 and 192.168.1.64
Step 4: Configure the generic hosts with the following IP address and gateway address
Host IP address Gateway Network

PC0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.0
PC1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.0
PC2 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4 192.168.1.0
PC3 192.168.1.65 192.168.1.68 192.168.1.64
PC4 192.168.1.66 192.168.1.68 192.168.1.64
PC5 192.168.1.67 192.168.1.68 192.168.1.64
Step 5: Configure the router 0 by clicking on the config. The router is connected to 2
networks. For each connection, separate IP addresses are assigned. For connections to
network 1 and 2 the IP address for router 0 are 192.168.1.4 and 192.168.1.33
respectively. Similarly for router 1, to connect to network 2 ad 3, the IP addresses are
192.168.1.34 and 192.168.1.68 Choose the subnet mask as 255.255.255.224.Select the
fast Ethernet for connecting host and router and serial interface for connecting the
routers. click on the port status to turn on the router.
Step 6: To configure router in static mode click on the router 0, select the static mode. Type the
address of the network to which the packets to be sent (192.168.1.64) and the address
of the next router(192.168.1.34). Click ok. Similarly click on the router 1, select the
static mode. Type the address of the network to which the packets has to be sent
(192.168.1.0) and the address of the next router (192.168.1.33).
will be displayed. Also simulate in simulation and real mode.

Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the subnetting of the given network is carried out and simulated using packet
tracer simulation tool.
EXPERIMENT 4

LAN CONFIGURATION USING STRAIGHT THROUGH AND CROSS
OVER CABLES
Aim: To simulate the segments of a LAN which is in bus and tree topology and
hence to connect the segments using switch, crossover and straight through cables in
Cisco packet tracer.
Software/Components required: Packet Tracer/End devices, switches, cross over
and straight through cables.
Steps for building bus and tree topology:
Step 2: Building the tree topology and bus topolgy– Adding Hosts
Single click on the End Devices.
Single click on the Generic host.
Step 3: Building the Topology – Connecting the Hosts to switches
Select a switch, by clicking once on switch and once on a generic switch
Add the switch by moving the plus sign “+”
Step 4: Connect PCs to switch by choosing straight through cables
Click once on the straight through cable
Click once on PC
Choose Fast Ethernet
Drag the cursor to Switch0
Click once on Switch0
Notice the green link lights on PC Ethernet NIC and amber light Switch port.The
switch port is temporarily not forwarding frames, while it goes through the stages for
the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) process. After about 30 seconds the amber light
will change to green indicating that the port has entered the forwarding stage. Frames
can now forward out of the switch port.
To start communication between the hosts IP Addresses and Subnet Masks had to be
configured on the devices. Click once on PC0. Choose the config tab and click on
FastEthernet0. Type the IP address in its field. Click on the subnet mask.it will be
generated automatically.
Step 6: To create a tree topology connect each of the PC to the corresponding switch and
interconnect the switches using cross over cables
Step 7: To create a bus topology connect each of the PC to the switch using straight through
cable and connect the switches using cross over cables
will be displayed.
Step 8: Connect the two segments of the LAN using a switch.
Step 9: Simulate the tree and bus topologies which are segments of the same LAN in
Simulation mode and Real time mode

Straight through cable
Cross over cable
Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the LAN configuration using crossover and straight through cables is
simulated in Cisco packet tracer.

EXPERIMENT 5
ROUTER CONFIGURATION (CREATING PASSWORDS,
CONFIGURING INTERFACES)
Aim: To simulate Routing Information Protocol using packet tracer simulation tool
.
Network components: PCs-2, Routers 2, Connectors

Procedure

using serial DCE
Step 3: Identify the networks and label as 20.20.20.0,50.50.50.0 and 30.30.30.0
Step 4: Configure the generic hosts PC0 with the IP address 20.20.20.2, gateway address
20.20.20.1 and host 2 with IP address 30.30.30.2 and gate way address 30.30.30.1
Step 5: Configuration of the router 0 and router 1 are done by CLI commands. The router0
is connected to 2 networks. For each connection, separate IP addresses are assigned.
For connections to network 1 and 2 the IP address for router 0 are 20.20.20.0 and.
50.50.50.0 respectively. Similarly for router 1, to connect to network 2 and 3, the IP
addresses are 50.50.50.0 and 30.30.30.0. Choose the subnet mask as
255.255.255.0.Router 0 is configured by clicking on the CLI. Following are the
commands for changing the router name ,configuring the interfaces and creating
password.
router>en
router #configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router # hostname Router1
Router1(config)#interface fa0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router1(config-if)#no shut
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#interface se2/0
Router1(config-if)#ip address 50.50.50.1 255.255.255.0
Router1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router1(config-if)#no shut
Router1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
Router1(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
Router1(config-if)#exit
Router1(config)#router rip
Router1(config-router)#network 20.20.20.0
Router1(config-router)#network 50.50.50.0
Router1(config-router)#exit
Router1(config)#line console 0

Router1(config-line)#password 12345
Router1(config-line)#login
Router1(config-line)#exit
Router1(config)#
Router1(config)#
Router1(config)#exit
Router1#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router1#exit
Router1 con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
User Access Verification
Password:
Step 6: The second router is also configured using the above commands.
Step 7: To confirm data transfer between the devices
Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the configuration of router using CLI commands is simulated using packet tracer

EXPERIMENT 6
BASIC SWITCH CONFIGURATION: VLAN
Aim: To configure the VLAN and simulate in the Cisco Packet Tracer
Software/Components required: Cisco Packet Tracer 7.1/ End devices PCs-8,
Switch 2950-24, connectors.
Procedure
Steps for building topology:
Step 1: Start Packet Tracer
Step 3: Building the Topology – Adding Hosts
Click on the end devices.
Click on the generic host.
Step 4: Select the switch 2650-24, by clicking once on switch and once on the switch 2650-24
Add the switch by moving the plus sign “+”
Connect PCs to switch by first choosing Connections
Click once on the Copper Straight-through cable
Click once on PC0
Choose Fastethernet
Drag the cursor to Switch0
Click once on Switch0
Notice the green link lights on PC Ethernet NIC and amber light switch port. The
switch port is temporarily not forwarding frames, while it goes through the stages for
the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) process. After about 30 seconds the amber light
will change to green indicating that the port has entered the forwarding stage. Frames
can now forward out the switch port.
To start communication between the hosts IP Addresses and subnet masks had to be
configured on the devices. Click once on PC0. Choose the Config tab and click on
FastEthernet0. Type the IP address 192.168.1.1 in its field. Click on the subnet mask.it
will be generated automatically(255.255.255.0) Similarly configure the other PCs.

will be displayed. (or)
Verifying Connectivity in Real time Mode
Click on the Real time mode.
Select the Add Simple PDU tool used to ping devices.
Click once on PC0, then once on PC3.
The PDU Last Status should show as Successful.
Verifying Connectivity in Simulation Mode
Click on the Simulation mode.
Disable all filters and select only ICMP.

Select the Add Simple PDU tool used to ping devices
Click once on PC0, then once on PC3.Continue clicking Capture/Forward button
until the ICMP ping is completed. The ICMP messages move between the hosts, hub
and switch. The PDU Last Status should show as successful.
Step 7: Configuring virtual LAN.VLAN technology is to divide a LAN into logical instead
of physical LANS. Each VLAN is a work group in an organization. The membership
is defined by software. The members of a VLAN can send messages to other
members of same group with assurance that members of other VLAN will not
receive this message. To configure VLAN click on the switch. Click on the interface
fa0/1. Give the desired VLAN number in the VLAN field, Click onto VLAN
database. Enter the VLAN number and VLAN name and click add. To confirm Data
transfer between the devices Click on the node. Select desktop option and then
command prompt. Once the window pops up, ping the IP address of the device to
which node0 is connected. Ping statistics will be displayed.
Simulation output:
Result: Thus the VLAN is configured and simulated using Packet Tracer simulation tool.

EXPERIMENT 7
CONFIGURING ROUTERS IN STATIC MODE USING PACKET TRACER
Aim: To configure router in static mode using packet tracer simulation tool
.
Procedure
Step 1: Select the generic hosts and routers
Step 2: Connect the host and routers using copper cross over and router to router using serial
DCE
10.10.1.2 and host 2 with IP address 10.10.3.1and gate way address 10.10.3.2
network 1 and 2 the IP address for router 0 are 10.10.1.2 and 10.10.2.1 respectively.
Similarly for router 1, to connect to network 2 ad 3, the IP addresses are 10.10.2.2 and
10.10.3.2. Choose the subnet mask as 255.255.255.0.Select the fastethernet for
connecting host and router and serial interface for connecting the routers click on the
port status to turn on the router.
Step 6: To configure router in static mode click on the router 0, select the static mode. Type the
address of the network to which the packets to be sent (10.10.3.0) and the address of .
the next router(10.10.2.2). Click ok. Similarly click on the router 1,select the static
mode. Type the address of the network to which the packets to be sent (10.10.1.0) and
the address of the next router(10.10.2.1).

Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the router is configured in static mode using packet tracer simulation tool.

EXPERIMENT 8
ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL USING PACKET TRACER
(DEFAULT ROUTING)
Aim: To simulate Routing Information Protocol (Default) using packet tracer simulation tool
.

Procedure

using serial DCE
Step 6: To configure Routing Information Protocol , click on the router 0,select RIP. Type the
address of the networks which the router knows (10.10.2.0). Click add. Again type the
. address which router knows(10.10.1.0). Click add. Go to settings and save the
configuration in NVRAM. Similarly click on the router 1, add the addresses 10.10.2.0
and 10.10.3.0

Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the Routing Information Protocol (Default Routing) is simulated using packet
tracer simulation tool.

EXPERIMENT 9
ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL (V1) USING PACKET TRACER
Aim: To simulate Routing Information Protocol (V1) using packet tracer simulation tool
.
Network components: PCs 4, Routers 2, Connectors, Switches 2

Procedure

using serial DCE
Step 4: Configure the generic hosts PC0 and PC1 with the IP address 100.100.100.1 and
100.100.100.2 with gateway address 100.100.100.3 respectively. Configure the generic
hosts PC2 and PC3 with the IP address 200.200.200.1and 200.200.200.2 with gateway
address 200.200.200.3 respectively.
network 1 and 2 the IP address for router 0 are 100.100.100.3 and.
150.150.150.1 respectively. Similarly for router 1, to connect to network 2 ad 3, the IP
addresses are 150.150.150.2 and 200.200.200.3. Choose the subnet mask as
255.255.255.0.Select fast Ethernet interface for connecting host and router and serial
interface for connecting the routers click on the port status to turn on the router .
Step 6: To configure Routing Information Protocol, click on the router 0, select RIP. Type the
address of the networks which the router is connected (100.100.100.0). Click on add.
Again type the address which router knows (150.150.150.0). Click on add. Go to
settings and save the configuration in NVRAM. Similarly click on the router 1, add the
addresses 150.150.150.0 and 200.200.200.0

Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the Routing Information Protocol (Version 1) is simulated using packet tracer
simulation tool.

EXPERIMENT 10
ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL(V2)USING PACKET TRACER
Aim: To simulate Routing Information Protocol (V2) using packet tracer simulation tool
.
Network components: PCs 4, Routers 2, Connectors, Switches 2

Procedure

using serial DCE

PC0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.0
PC1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.0
PC2 192.168.1.65 192.168.1.67 192.168.1.64
PC3 192.168.1.66 192.168.1.67 192.168.1.64
respectively. Similarly for router 1, to connect to network 2 ad 3, the IP addresses are
192.168.1.34 and 192.168.1.67 Choose the subnet mask as 255.255.255.224.Select the
fastethernet for connecting host and router and serial interface for connecting the
routers click on the port status to turn on the router.
Step 6: To configure Routing Information Protocol version 2, click on the router 0.Click on the
CLI . Type the following commands
#en
#config t
# router rip
# version 2
#network 192.168.1.0
#network 192.168.1.32
#exit
Similarly click on the router 2, click on the CLI .Type the following commands
#en
#config t
# router rip
# version 2
#network 192.168.1.64
#network 192.168.1.32
#exit

Simulation output:
Result: Thus the Routing Information Protocol (Version 2) is simulated using packet tracer
simulation tool.

EXPERIMENT-11
ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL
Aim: To simulate Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) using Cisco packet
. tracer simulation tool
Network components: PCs-6, Routers 3, Connectors, switches (3)
Procedure
using serial DCE
Step 3: Identify the networks and label as 192.168.1.0, 192.168.2.0,192.168.3.0,10.0.0.0
and 20.0.0.0

PC0 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.0
PC1 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.0
PC2 192.168.2.2 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.0
PC3 192.168.2.3 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.0
PC4 192.168.3.2 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.0
PC5 192.168.3.3 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.0
Step 5: Configure the router 0 by clicking on the config. The router0 is connected to 2
networks 1 and 2, the IP address for router 0 are 192.168.1.1 and 10.0.0.1 respectively.
Similarly for router 1, to connect to network 1,2 ad 3, the IP addresses are 10.0.0.2
192.168.2.1 and 20.0.0.1 and for router 2 to connect to network 2 and 3 the IP address
are 20.0.0.2 and 192.168.3.1.Choose the subnet mask as 255.255.255.0 and 255.0.0.0.
based on the IP address. Select the fast Ethernet interface for connecting host and
router and serial interface for connecting the routers click on the port status to turn on
the router
Step 6: To configure Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol(EIGRP)click on the router

0,click on the CLI. Type the following commands
#en
#config t
# router eigrp 1
#network 192.168.1.0
#network 10.0.0.0 0
#exit
#en

#config t
# router eigrp 1
#network 192.168.2.0
#network 10.0.0.0
#network 20.0.0.0
#exit
#en
#config t
# router eigrp 1
#network 192.168.3.0
#network 20.0.0.0
#exit

Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is simulated using
packet tracer simulation tool.

EXPERIMENT-12
SINGLE AREA OSPF LINK COSTS AND INTERFACES
Aim: To simulate single area Open Shortest Path First routing protocol using Cisco packet
Procedure
using serial DCE
OSPF has some basic rules when it comes to area assignment. OSPF must be
configured with areas. The backbone area 0, or 0.0.0.0, must be configured if more
than one area assignment is done. If OSPF is configured in one area; any area can be
chosen, although good OSPF design dictates to configure area 0.
Step 6: To configure OSPF click on the router 0,click on the CLI. Type the following
commands
#router ospf 1
#network 10.10.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
#network 10.10.2.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
#exit
Similarly click on the router 1, click on the CLI .Type the following
commands.
#router ospf 1
#network 10.10.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
#network 10.10.2.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
#exit

Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the single area Open Shortest Path First Protocol is simulated using packet tracer
simulation tool.

EXPERIMENT-13
MULTI AREA OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST ROUTING PROTOCOL
Aim: To simulate Multi Area Open Shortest Path First routing protocol using Cisco packet
Network components: PCs-6, Routers 3, Connectors, switches (3)
Procedure
using serial DCE
Step 3: Identify the networks and label as 192.168.1.0, 192.168.2.0,192.168.3.0,10.0.0.0
and 20.0.0.0

PC0 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.0
PC1 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.0
PC2 192.168.2.2 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.0
PC3 192.168.2.3 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.0
PC4 192.168.3.2 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.0
PC5 192.168.3.3 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.0
Step 5: Configure the router 0 by clicking on the config. The router0 is connected to 2
networks 1 and 2, the IP address for router 0 are 192.168.1.1 and 10.0.0.1 respectively.
Similarly for router 1, to connect to network 1,2 ad 3, the IP addresses are 10.0.0.2
192.168.2.1 and 20.0.0.1 and for router 2 to connect to network 2 and 3 the IP address
are 20.0.0.2 and 192.168.3.1.Choose the subnet mask as 255.255.255.0 and 255.0.0.0.
based on the IP address. Select the fast Ethernet interface for connecting host and
router and serial interface for connecting the routers click on the port status to turn on
the router .OSPF has some basic rules when it comes to area assignment. OSPF must
be configured with areas. The backbone area 0, or 0.0.0.0, must be configured if more
than one area assignment is done. The network 192.168.2.0 is considered as backbone
area. Other areas are defined as area10 and area 20
Step 6: To configure multi area OSPF click on the router 0,click on the CLI. Type the
following commands
#en
#config t
# router ospf 1
#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 10

#network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 10
#end
commands.
#en
#config t
# router ospf 1
#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
#network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 10
#network 20.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 20
#end
commands.
#en
#config t
# router ospf 1
#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 20
#network 20.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 20
#end

Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the Multi area Open Shortest Path First Protocol is simulated using packet tracer
simulation tool.

EXPERIMENT-14
BORDER GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL
Aim: To simulate Border Gateway Routing protocol using Cisco packet tracer simulation
. tool
Procedure
using serial DCE
192.168.1.1 and host 2 with IP address 192.168.3.2and gateway address 192.168.3.1
respectively Similarly for router 1, to connect to network 2 ad 3, the IP addresses are
192.168.2.2 and 192.168.3.1.Choose the subnet mask as 255.255.255.0.Select the on
fastethernet for connecting host and router and serial interface for connecting the
routers. Click port status to turn on the router.
Border gate way Routing Protocol is an inter domain routing protocol .Hence the
autonomous systems are defined as AS100 and AS200
Step 6: To configure BGP click on the router 0,click on the CLI. Type the following
commands
#en
#config t
# router bgp 100
#network 192.168.1.0
#network 192.168.2.0
#neighbor 192.168.2.2 remote -as 200
#exit
Similarly click on the router 1, click on the CLI .Type the following commands.
#en
#config t
# router bgp 200
#network 192.168.2.0
#network 192.168.3.0
#exit

Simulation Output:
Result: Thus the Border Gateway Routing protocol is simulated using packet tracer
simulation tool.

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21CSC302J COMPUTER NETWORKS

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Academic year: 2024 – 2025

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

18CSS202J COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY

Name of the Student:

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

S.N Date of Name of the Experiment Marks Faculty

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Aim: To study the following network devices in detail

2. Repeater: Functioning at Physical Layer.

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

4. Switch: A network switch is a computer networking device that connects

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

7. Gate Way: In a communications network, a network node equipped for interfacing

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Result: Thus the network components are studied in detail.

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Aim: To configure the IP address for the hosts in a star topology

Software/Components required: Cisco Packet Tracer 7.1/End devices, Generic

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Software used: Cisco Packet Tracer

Network components: PCs-6, Routers 2, Connectors, switches 2

(i) Total no of subnets in this IP address = 2^n = 2^3=8 Networks

iii) The subnet mask is : 255.255.255.224

NETWORK 192.168.1.160 192.168.1.161

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

NETWORK 192.168.1.224 192.168.1.225

Step 1: Select the generic hosts, switches and routers

Host IP address Gateway Network

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Cross over cable

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Network components: PCs-2, Routers 2, Connectors

Step 1: Select the generic hosts, switches and routers

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Step 6: To confirm Data transfer between the devices

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Network components: PCs-2, Routers 2, Connectors

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Network components: PCs-2, Routers 2, Connectors

Step 1: Select the generic hosts, switches and routers

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Network components: PCs 4, Routers 2, Connectors, Switches 2

Step 1: Select the generic hosts, switches and routers

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

Network components: PCs 4, Routers 2, Connectors, Switches 2

Step 1: Select the generic hosts, switches and routers

Host IP address Gateway Network

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual

21CSC202J/Computer communications /SRMIST-Ramapuram Lab manual