esthetic.

line
Pekkton® ivory

High performance polymer for definitive

aesthetic restorations on implants.
2
Break new ground with Pekkton® ivory, join the new world
of materials.
The material PEKK, the top material among the thermo­
plastic polyaryletherketones, is available exclusively from
Cendres+Métaux under the brand name Pekkton® ivory.
The solution for definitive, aesthetic and patient-friendly
­restorations.

3
 Pekkton® ivory.
Five convincing reasons why Pekkton® ivory should be your
restorative material of choice.

Natural
– Natural wearing experience for
the patient
– Resembles the properties of
natural bone
– Natural aesthetics

Aesthetic Metal-free
Veneering with – Biocompatible
– Composites – No metallic taste
– Veneers – No release of ions
– Prefabricated teeth – High stability at low weight
– Ceramic crowns – Does not fatigue

Flexible Shock-absorbing
– Allows movements of the jaws – Masticatory force-reducing behaviour
– Flexible processing in pressing or – Up to 3 x less force transfer to
milling techniques peri-implant bone tissue compared to
– Suitable for implant-supported zirconium dioxide
­restorations – Suitable for implant-supported
­restorations

4
History.
A material well-known in medical engineering finds its
way into the world of dentistry.

The PEKK material used for Pekkton® ivory originates from

the PAEK (PolyArylEtherKetone) materials family. High-­
performance polymers have found their way into ortho­
paedics and traumatology since the 1980s.1
They are used as knee, spinal or craniomaxillofacial implants
due to their bone-like behaviour.
Since 2011, PEKK has also been used in the dental market.
Based on the semi-crystalline, implantable base material,
Cendres+Métaux offers Pekkton® ivory exclusively as a
framework material for dental applications.

Pekkton® ivory re­

ceives approval in
1
Kurtz S. and Devine J., PEEK biomaterials in trauma, orthopedic, and Japan as the first
­spinal implants. Biomaterials, 2007. 28: p. 4845-4869. high-performance
polymer for defini­
tively worn dental
prostheses

Pekkton® ivory re­

ceives approval in
the USA as definiti­
ve dental prosthesis

Pekkton® ivory re­

ceives approval as
definitive dental
prosthesis

Cendres+Métaux
showcases
Pekkton® ivory at
the IDS
Founding of Invibio

PEEK is used for the

first time in the im­
plant market
Founding of OPM2

PEKK is used for the

first time in the im­
plant market

Patent filed for PEEK

1978 2000 2001 2011 2014 2017 2018

2
Oxford Performance Materials, USA 5
 The PAEK family.
From a chemical perspective.

PAEK
PEKK

PEEK

PPS High-performance polymers

PAI
PES
ase

LCP
cre

PEI
in
ce
an

POM
orm

Technical polymers
f
Per

PC PA

PMMA
Conventional polymers

Amorphous Crystalline

The PEAK family at the top of the performance pyramid

The high-performance polymers PEEK and PEKK both be­ PEKK is positioned at the top of the polymer pyramid and is
long to the family of polyaryletherketones, referred to in short available as base material in semi-crystalline and amorphous
as PAEK. structure. Whereas PEKK, which is based on an amorphous
PAEKs are high-performance thermoplastics which demon­ structure, behaves flexibly, PEKK, which is based on a crys­
strate high strength, stiffness and resistance to hydrolysis talline structure, is distinguished by high strength values.
over a wide temperature range and are suitable for extreme Pekkton® ivory is based on a semi-crystalline structure and
loads. When processing thermoplastics, only the shape is therefore exhibits very good mechanical properties and high
changed, but not their chemical properties. Furthermore, the flexibility.
material shows no porosity and is free of monomers.

O O The chemical structure of PEKK

Owing to the double ketone bond in the chemical structure,
O C C the PEKK material offers very good mechanical properties.
n
Poly – Ether – Ketone – Ketone (PEKK)
For example, PEKK has an up to 80% higher compressive
strength than PEEK.

O O C n
Poly – Ether – Ether – Ketone (PEEK)

Main advantage PEAK: double ketones

6
 Mechanical properties.
Pekkton® ivory – a polymer resembling biological materials.

Fy
Masticatory effect on the jaw bone.
Fz
The lower jaw bone in particular is exposed to various tensile
and compressive forces. Add to this, the natural torsion due
to the comminution of food.3 Fx Fy
The use of rigid materials for prosthetic solutions such as zir­ Fz
conium ceramics or metals, limits the natural mobility of the
jawbone and transfers the forces to the implants, the den­ Fx
tures or even the bone tissue.
This can have a negative effect on the osseointegration of
the implants and the physiological movement patterns.
F

10 000
Zirconium
CoCr Metal
Cortical bone
Tooth dentine
1000 Pekkton® ivory
Ceramic
Yield strength (MPa)

100
Pekkton® ivory

10 Cortical bone

Tooth dentine
1
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
E-modulus (GPa)
0 250 500 750 //2000
Polymers
Compression strength (MPa)
Ceramics, metals
Biological materials

Biomimetics Compression strength

Pekkton® ivory closely resembles the properties of human In terms of compression strength Pekkton® ivory is compara­
bone tissue. ble to tooth dentine and bone substance.
The use of high-performance polymers instead of typical
metallic or ceramic materials is intended to support better
biomechanical integration.

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 Mechanical properties.
A comparison with conventional materials.

Property
Natural bone tissue Pekkton® ivory PEEK non-filled PEEK filled PMMA Titanium (Grade 5) Zirconium (TZP-A)

Compression strength 280 MPa 246 MPa 118 MPa n.a. n.a. 970 MPa 2,000 MPa
Bending strength n.a. 200 MPa 170 MPa 185 MPa n.a. n.a. 1,200 MPa
E-modulus 2-14 GPa 5.1 GPa 4.0 GPa 4.8 GPa 3 GPa 110 GPa 210 GPa
Yield strength 70 MPa 115 MPa 100 MPa n.a. n.a. 1,100 MPa n.a.
Density n.a. 1.4 g/cm3 1.3 g/cm3 1.4 g/cm3 1.2 g/cm3 4.5 g/cm3 6.05 g/cm3
Water absorption n.a. 8.7 µg/mm3 5.0 µg/mm3 6.5 µg/mm3 19.0 µg/mm3 – n.a.
Solubility n.a. 0.2 µg/mm3 0.5 µg/mm3 0.3 µg/mm3 1-1.4 µg/mm3 – n.a.
Hardness HV n.a. 33 HV 20 HV 30 HV 18 HV 300-400 HV 1200 HV
Hardness (DIN EN ISO 2039-1) n.a. 252 MPa – – – – –

The data given are taken from various brochures of different manufacturers. The test methods used may differ.

Behaviour of different framework materials under a load 100 MPa

of 500 N and an inclination of 30°.
Traditionally with hard materials, the stress caused by the
masticatory force accumulates selectively. In the case of
Pekkton® ivory, the loads are distributed throughout the
framework. As Pekkton® ivory is a comparatively «soft»
­material, it is essential to observe the minimum connector Titanium framework
strengths described in detail in the instructions for use.
(www.cmsa.ch/docs)

Stress (MPa)

Gold framework

Pekkton® ivory framework 0 MPa

8 Report University Bonn 2013, Simulation 3-unit Bridge

Mechanical properties.
Shock absorption.

Anchoring of the Anchoring of

Masticatory force-absorbing behaviour natural tooth the implant
An interesting property of the Pekkton® ivory material is the
masticatory force-absorbing behaviour. Natural teeth are an­ Natural crown Artificial crown

chored in the alveolus by Sharpey's fibres and allow mastica­

tory forces to be absorbed in a natural way. Implant design
As implants are connected directly to the bone, this dampen­ Gingiva
ing property is not present. When conventional and hard
materials are used for prosthetic solutions, masticatory force Fibres which
peaks can therefore no longer be dampened and can be attach the tooth Implant
transferred directly to the peri-implant bone tissue. to the bone
This can have a negative effect on osseointegration or the
antagonist. Due to the E-modulus, which closely resembles
that of natural tissue, and the compressive strength of Pekk­ The bone is
ton® ivory, the masticatory forces acting on the peri-implant in direct contact
with the implant
bone tissue can be reduced significantly.

In cooperation with the University of Genoa (Italy) different materials were tested and compared with the values of ZrO2.

Material
Type of material Mean force [N] (SD) Force difference to zirconium dioxide
(%)

Procera ZrO2 Zirconium dioxide 641.8 (6.8) --

Empress2 Glass ceramic 484.5 (5.5) -24.51
Ney-Oro CM Gold alloy 344.8 (5.7) -46.28
Finesse Glass ceramic 344.5 (3.5) -46.32
TRINIA Glass-fibre reinforced composite 250.2 (7.9) -61.02
Adoro Composite 236.0 (4.2) -62.23
Veneered Pekkton PAEK & composite 211.6 (12.4) -68.03
Pekkton PAEK 194.4 (10.5) -69.71
Signum Composite 187.4 (6.7) -70.80

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 Examples of applications.
Pekkton® ivory in use.

Pekkton® ivory was developed as an alternative, metal-free For detailed information on indications and contraindications,
framework material. The material can be used to fabricate please consult the current instructions for use.
classical crowns and bridges on natural teeth. Due to the (www.cmsa.ch/docs)
masticatory force-absorbing properties of Pekkton® ivory, the
material is also frequently used for implant-supported
­prostheses. For example, crowns, bridges or individual abut­
ments bonded to titanium bases can be covered with
­Pekkton® ivory.
The high performance polymer can also be used for remov­
able dentures. Examples for this are prosthesis bases on
construction elements or prosthesis reinforcements.
Pekkton® ivory can be aesthetically veneered with flowable
and/or modelling composites, acrylics, prefabricated denture
teeth, veneers or all-ceramic crowns.

Veneering Pekkton® ivory

You can veneer Pekkton® ivory with composites, veneers,
prefabricated teeth or ceramic crowns of your choice.

Veneering with composite. Veneering with prefabricated veneers. Veneering with ceramic crowns.

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Processing.
Digital milling and pressing.

Digital milling
Pekkton® ivory can be milled digitally. The Cendres+Métaux
milling centre would be pleased to assist you.

Pressing
You wish to process the new material, but do not have the
opportunity to follow the digital approach?
Keep value creation in your own laboratory and press your
Pekkton® ivory framework.

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12
 Some interesting case studies with Pekkton® ivory are
­illustrated in the following. Pekkton® ivory is a reliable
­material of choice.

13
 Clinical cases.

Case 1
Complete restoration: removable full denture in the
maxilla reinforced with Pekkton® ivory. A Pekkton® ivory
prosthesis on 5 implants in the mandible.

Clinician: Dr. med dent. N. Chirazi (Lenzerheide/Lai, CH)

Technician: Robert Arvai, Ardenta Dental Labor (Chur, CH)

Case 2
Removable prosthesis with a Pekkton® ivory Individual single crowns made of Livento® press ­
­reinforcement, supported on CM LOC. and Soprano® 10.

This work received the «Golden Brush» award in 2018 from the Swiss Society for Reconstructive Dentistry (SSRD).

Clinician: Dr. med dent. Manrique Fonseca (University Berne, CH)

Technicians: Erwin Eitler and Gabriel Willauer, Zahnmanufaktur
­Zimmermann und Maeder (Berne, CH)

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Case 3
Pekkton® ivory bridge on implants with cemented
Livento® press and Soprano® 10 crowns.

Clinician: Dr. Abdelhadi (Amman, Jordan)

Technician: Amin Hassouneh SDL (Amman, Jordan)

Case 4
Pekkton® ivory complete restoration in the mandible
and maxilla on implants.

Clinician: Dr. Al Tarawneh (Jordan)

Technician: Amin Hassouneh SDL (Amman, Jordan)

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Portfolio.
The essence of success.

Image Description Art. No.

Pekkton® ivory milling blank Ø 98.5/16 mm (with steps) 0106 0011
Pekkton® ivory milling blank Ø 98.5/20 mm (with steps) 0106 0020
Pekkton ivory milling blank Ø 98.5/24 mm (with steps)
®
0106 0022
Pekkton® ivory milling blank Ø 95/16 mm (compatible with Zirkonzahn®) 0106 0028
Pekkton® ivory milling blank Ø 95/20 mm (compatible with Zirkonzahn®) 0106 0030
Pekkton® ivory milling blank Ø 95/24 mm (compatible with Zirkonzahn®) 0106 0032

Pekkton® ivory – press ingots / 10 p. 0106 0003

Disposable press-stamp (Ø 12 mm)/50 p. 0800 0626

Disposable press-stamp (Ø 26 mm)/20 p. 0800 0627

PEKKpress muffle former set 200 g 0800 0628

PEKKpress muffle former set 600 g 0800 0629

CM-20 investment (50 x 160 g) 083 872

Liquid 1L 083 739

PEKKpress – pressing unit 7020 2393

PEKKtherm – temperature stabilisation and melting furnace 7020 2394

02.2019
|
1016.03.01.01

Cendres+Métaux SA Phone +41 58 360 20 00

Rue de Boujean 122 Fax +41 58 360 20 10
CH-2501 Biel/Bienne info@cmsa.ch www.cmsa.ch