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Math Lecture Sheet – 04

No. Contents Page
1 Basic Concepts 1
2 Class Practice: 3
• Inequalities
3 Homework 5
4 Next Lesson 5

Student Name:

Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General

Math & Analytical Instructor
 Basic Concepts:
Important Terms:
Inequalities → অসমতা Reciprocal → অন্যা্যক

Inequality:
These problems deal with numbers that are less than, greater than, or equal to other numbers.
The following rules apply to all inequalities:

< means less than i.e 3 < 4

> means greater than i.e 5 > 2

≤ means less than or equal to i.e 3 ≤ 4 and 3 ≤ 3

≥ means greater than or equal to i.e 5 ≥ 2 and 2 ≥ 2

Inequalities with a modulus sign:

Inequalities often appear in conjunction with the modulus or absolute value symbol. For
example, |x| < 2. Modulus of a number is simply its magnitude or absolute value regardless of its
sign. So |-2|=2. if the absolute value of x is less than 2, then this means that x must lie between
2 and -2. We can write this as - 2 < x < 2. For example:
|5x - 8| ≤ 12

=> -12 ≤ 5x - 8 ≤ 12

=> -12 + 8 ≤ 5x - 8 + 8 ≤ 12 + 8

=> -4 ≤ 5x ≤ 20
4
=> - ≤ x ≤ 4
5

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
Change in sign:
1. If equal quantities are added to both sides of an inequality, the direction of the
inequality does not change.
• If x < v then x + z < y + z and x - z < y - z
• If x > y then x + z > y + z and x - z > y – z
2. Subtracting parts of an inequality from an equation /a number reverses the order of the
inequality.
• If x < y then z - x > z - y
• If x > y then z - x < z - y
3. Multiplying or dividing an inequality by a number greater than zero does not change the
order of the inequality.
• If x > y and a > 0 then xa > ya and x/a > y/a
• If x < y and a > 0 then xa < ya and x/a < y/a
4. The product of two numbers with same signs is positive.
• If x > 0 and y > 0 then xy > 0
• If x < 0 and y < 0 then xy > 0
5. Multiplying or dividing an inequality by a number less than zero changes the order of
the inequality.
• If x > y and a < 0 then xa < ya and x/a < y/a
• If x < y and a < 0 then xa > ya and x/a > v/a
• If - 3 < 2 is multiplied through by -2 it becomes 6 > - 4 and the order of the
inequality is reversed.
6. The product of two numbers with different signs is negative.
• If x < 0 and y > 0 then xy < 0
7. Order of the inequality reverses if we reciprocate the number from both sides.
1 1
• If 6 > 2 is reciprocated it becomes 6 < 2

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
 Class Practice:
1) If a < b and c < d then which of the following must be true? (BBA 96-97)
(A) - c - a > - b - d (B) a + b < c + d (C) a = c (D) b = d (E) None of these
2) If you buy x apples at a cost of x(y+1.5) taka per piece and y oranges at a cost of Tk y(x + 1.5)
per piece, and you spend higher amount of money on buying apples, then which of the
following is true? (BBA 03-04)
(A) x > y (B) y > x (C) x = y (D) x > y + 3 (E) Cannot be determined
3) If 10 > x > 9 and 𝑥 2 = (10 - y)(10 + y) which of the followings is a possible value of y ?
(BBA 04-05)
(A) -7 (B) -6 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) None of these
4) If 0 ≥ x ≥ 5 and y < 10 which of these can be a value of xy? (MBA 99-00)
I. 2 II.0 III.50
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I & II only (E) I and III only
5) A lift operator is not allowed to carry less than 7 and more than 10 passengers in the lift at
one time. If there are 45 people waiting on the ground floor, what is the minimum number
of trips that the lift must make in order to transport all the people? (BBA 94)
1
(A) 4 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6

6) If x > 1 which of the following decreases as x decreases? (BBA 00-01)

1
(𝑖)𝑥 + 𝑥 2 (𝑖𝑖)2𝑥 2 – 𝑥 (𝑖𝑖𝑖)
𝑥2 + 1
(A) Only i (B) Both i and ii (C) Only ii (D) Only iii (E) None
7) Jim has 5 pieces of string. He needs to choose the piece that will be able to go around his 36-
inch waist as his belt broke. The piece needs to be at least 4 inches longer than his waist so
he can tie a knot in it, but it cannot be more than 6 inches longer so that the ends will not
show from under his shirt. Which of the following pieces of string will work the best?
(BBA 09-10)
3 1 1
(A) 3 feet (B) 4 feet (C) 3 2 feet (D) 3 4 feet (E) None of these

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
8) If x, y and z are consecutive integers and x < y < z which of the following must be true?
(MBA 04-05)
I. xyz is even II. x + y + z is even III. (x + y)(y + z) is odd
(A) None (B) I only (C) II only (D) I and III only (E) I, II and III
9) If a > 0 , b < 0, c > 1 and d < 1 , which of the following must be true? (BBA 02-03)
(A) ab > cd (B) ab < cd (C) ac > bd (D) ac < db (E) None of these
10) If a > 0 , b < 0 and c > a, which of the following must be positive? (BBA 02-03)
𝑎 𝑏 𝑏 𝑐 𝑐
− − −𝑎 𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑏
(𝐴) (𝐵) (𝐶) (𝐷) (𝐸) 𝑁𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑒
𝑐−𝑏 𝑎−𝑏 𝑎−𝑐 𝑐+𝑏

11) Suppose Z = a x b x c x d x e where a > b > c > d > e. A decrease by 1 in which of the factors
would result in the greatest decrease in the value of z? (BBA 04-05)
(A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d (E) e
12) If 3 < x < 7 and 5 > y > 2 , which of the following must be true? (MBA 02-03)
(A) x + y > 8 (B) x - y > 0 (C) x - 2y < 2 (D) 2x - y > 1 (E) None of these
13) If x < 1/x, then which of the following must be true? (MBA 2013)
𝐼. 𝑥 3 > 𝑥 2 𝐼𝐼. 𝑥 2 > 𝑥 3 𝐼𝐼𝐼. 𝑥 > 𝑥 2
(A) only I (B) only II (C) only III (D) both II and III (E) none of these
14) If -1 < x < 0 , which of the following expressions has the greatest value? (BBA 19-20)
1 1
(A) 1 - x (B) 1 + x (C) 1 + 𝑥 2 (D) 1 – 𝑥 (E) 1 + 𝑥

15) In a class of 25 students, 10 have less than 6 marbles, 10 have more than 7 marbles and 4
have more than 8 marbles. How many students have more than 5 marbles but less than 9
marbles? (MBA 17)
(A) 10 (B) 11 (C) 12 (D) 13 (E) none of these
16) If x ≥ -1 and x ≥ 𝑥 5 , which of the following must be true? (MBA 17)
(A) x > 1 (B) 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 (C) -1 ≤ x ≤ 0 (D) x > 0 (E) none of these
17) If - 1 < x < 1 and x ≠ 0, which of the following must be true? (MBA 17)

𝐼. 𝑥 3 < 𝑥 2 𝐼𝐼. 𝑥 5 < 1 − 𝑥 𝐼𝐼𝐼. 𝑥 4 < 𝑥 2

(A) I only (B) I and II only (C) II and III only (D) I and III only (E) I, II and III

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
18) For how many integer values of x, is |x-3| + |x+1| + |x| < 10?
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 6 (E) Infinite
19) If |x| < 20 and |x - 8| > |x + 4| which of the following expresses the allowable range for x?
(A) - 12 < x < 12 (B) - 20 < x < 2 (C) - 20 < x < - 12 and 12 < x < 20
(D) - 20 < x < - 8 and 4 < x < 20 (E) - 20 < x < - 4 and 8 < x < 20
1
20) What is the largest integer n such that 2𝑛 > 0.01?

(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 10 (E) 51

Answer Keys:
Mentors Math Qbank:
Concept 18 Question: 4, 6, 7, 11, 13, 16, 19, 20, 23, 24, 29, 34, 38, 41, 44, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54

Homework:
Practise all maths of concept 18 from Mentors Math Qbank

Next Lesson:
● Ratio and proportion

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor