MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH Role of nurses: promote healthy growth

NURSING PRACTICE WEEK 1 and development of an individual as part

of the family and community
OBGYN
- obstetrician gynecologist PHILOSOPHY OF MATERNAL AND
CHILD HEALTH NURSING
OBSTETRICS
● The care of women during child
birth
● Greed word: Obstare - to keep
watch

GYNECOLOGY
● Women's reproductive health

PEDIATRICS
● Pais - child

● Major focus of nursing practice

- care for childbearing and
childrearing of families (to
nurture future generations)

● Primary goal of maternal and

child health nursing: promotion
and maintenance of family health
to ensure optimal childbearing and COMMON MEASURES TO ENSURE
childrearing FAMILY-CENTERED MATERNAL AND
CHILD HEALTH CARE
RANGE OF PRACTICE
● Preconceptual health care
● Care of women during the three
trimesters of pregnancy and the
puerperium/postpartum period/4th
trimester
● Care of infants during the perinatal
period
● Care of the children from birth
through adolescence
● Care in settings varied as the
birthing room, pediatric intensive
care unit, and the home.

Note: Keeping the family at the center of

care and considering the family as the
best primary unit of care.
 FRAMEWORK FOR MATERNAL AND
CHILD HEALTH NURSING PRACTICE (4
phases of health care)

STANDARDS OF MATERNAL AND

CHILD HEALTH NURSING PRACTICE What we use to care for our patients in
the four phases of health care:
1. Nursing process
- form of problem solving
based on scientific method,
or organized step of
problem solving, and
serves as basis for
assessing, diagnosing,
planning, organizing, and
evaluatint care.
2. Evidence-based practice
- conscientious, explicit, and
judicious use of best
evidence in making
Standards - ensure quality of care decisions about the care of
Organizations that help maintain the patients.
standards of care: - nursing research help
● Division of maternal child health bolster a foundation for
nursing practice specific actions and
● Association of women health activities that have potential
obstetrics and neonatal nurses to improve practice.
3. Nursing theories
ASSOCIATION OF WOMEN’S HEALTH, - one of the requirements of
OBSTETRIC, AND NEONATAL NURSES a profession is that the
STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES concentration of a
 discipline's knowledge TRENDS IN MATERNAL AND CHILD
flows from a base of HEALTH CARE AND IMPLICATIONS
established theory. FOR NURSES

FOCUS ON NATIONAL HEALTH GOALS

Leading Health Indicators
1. Physical activity
2. Overweight and obesity
3. Tobacco use
4. Substance abuse
5. Responsible sexual behavior
6. Mental health
7. Injury and violence
8. Environmental quality The maternal and child population is
9. Immunization constantly changing because of changes
10. Access to health care in social structure, variations in family
lifestyle, and changing patterns of illness.
A CHANGING DISCIPLINE
- at the beginning of 20th century, Client advocacy, participating in
infant mortality rate in US was > cost-containment measures, focusing on
100 per 1000. health education, and creating new
- Infant mortality rate reflects quality nursing roles are ways in which nurses
of care of childbearing/rearing have adapted to these changes.
women and status of nutrition of
the nation. ADVANCED PRACTICE ROLES FOR
NURSES IN MATERNAL CHILD HEALT
MEASURING MATERNAL AND CHILD ● Family nurse practitioner (FNP)
HEALTH - advanced practice role that
provide health care not only
for women but to total
families.
● Clinical nurse specialists
- nurses prepared at
master’s degree level who
are capable of acting as
consultants in their area of
expertise.
● Case manager
- graduate-level nurse who
supervises a who
supervises a group of
patient from the time they
enter a health care setting
until they are discharged
from that setting.
● Women’s health nurse
practitioner
 - nurse with advanced study TRENDS IN HEALTH CARE
in the promotion of health ENVIRONMENT
and prevention of illness in The current trend now - retail settings
women and ambulatory care
● Neonatal nurse practitioner Concerns/issue - quality of care,
- advanced practice role for continuity of care is compromised,
nurses who are skilled in complicated health issues
care of newborns, both well ● Cost containment - reducing the
and ill. cost
● Pediatric nurse practitioner ● Alternative settings and styles
- nurse prepared with for health care - hospitals, birthing
extensive skills in physical centers, home, LDR, LDRP rooms
assessment, interviewing, ● Including family care
and well-child counseling ● Strengthening the ambulatory
and care. care system
● Nurse midwife ● Shortening hospital stays - wala
- educated in two disciplines, pang 48 hours, discharge na agad
plays an important role in si buntis
assisting women in ● Increase in the number of
pregnancy and intensive care units
childbearing. ● Regionalization of intensive care
- in order to prevent duplication of
MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH IN care
CHILDHOOD ● Increased reliance on
comprehensive care settings -
promotes avoidance of patient
going to different health care
providers
● Increased reliance on home care
- free birthing (without any
assistance) plus for accessibility
and they're doing this so that they
can decide on their own.
● Increased use of alternative
modalities - such as focus
therapies, changing positions
● Increased use of technology

LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS OF
MATERNAL-CHILD PRACTICE
● Nurses are legally responsible for
protecting rights of their clients,
including confidentiality, and are
accountable for the quality of their
individual nursing care and that of
other health care team members.
● Understanding the scope of
practice and standards of care
 can help nurses practice within Miscellaneous stuff:
appropriate legal parameters. Grading system
● Documentation is essential in Attendance: 10%
protecting a nurse and justifying Written work: 20%
his or her actions Recitation: 10%
● Emancipated minor - are minors Quizzes: 30%
that are supporting themselves or Exam: 30%
mga nabuntis
● Wrongful birth (when parents are
not informed about the defects of
child inside of womb), wrongful
life (when nag incur ng disabilities
yung fetus because of tests or
procedures done), wrongful
conception (failed contraception)
● If a nurse knows that the care
provided by another practitioner
was inappropriate or insufficient,
he or she is legally responsible for
reporting the incident. Failure to do
do can lead to a charge of
negligence or breach of duty

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF
PRACTICE
● Conception issues, especially
those related to in vitro fertilization,
embryo transfer, ownership of
frozen oocytes or sperm, cloning,
stem cell research, and surrogate
mothers
● Abortion, partiularly partial-birth
abortions
● Fetal rights versus rights of the
mother (abortion, life of mother is
at stake, father’s values is not
aligned with the mother)
● Use of fetal issue for research
● Resuscitation (for how long should
it be continued)
● The number of procedures or
degree of pain that a child should
be asked to endure to achieve a
degree of better health
● The balance between modern
technology and quality of life