18_KEY & Sol'S
18_KEY & Sol'S
18_KEY & Sol'S
CHEMISTRY
31) 2 32) 2 33) 3 34) 3 35) 1
36) 3 37) 3 38) 3 39) 4 40) 1
41) 4 42) 2 43) 1 44) 2 45) 1
46) 2 47) 1 48) 2 49) 4 50) 4
51) 200 52) 8 53) 25 54) 3 55) 2022
56) 35 57) 3 58) 4 59) 7 60) 8
MATHEMATICS
61) 3 62) 1 63) 2 64) 2 65) 1
66) 2 67) 1 68) 4 69) 1 70) 2
71) 3 72) 2 73) 2 74) 2 75) 2
76) 4 77) 2 78) 2 79) 1 80) 3
81) 3458 82) 65 83) 30 84) 6699 85) 7
86) 104 87) 11 88) 25 89) 25 90) 4
SOLUTIONS
PHYSICS
1. A hydraulic lift is an arrangement used to multiply the force. When a force is applied,
hydraulic pressure is transmitted in all directions. Thus it works on the principle of
Pascal’s law
Pressure is defined as perpendicular force acting per unit area of a surface. The
perpendicular force is thrust. This means reason is correct. However, the reason is not the
correct explanation for assertion.
2. By Bernoulli’s equation:
1
mgd mv 2 v 2 gd ...... 1
2
From equation of motion
1 2 2h
gt h t
2 g
Horizontal range R=VT
2h R2
R 2 gd R 2 dh d
g 4h
3. Weight of the sphere ,W
4 D3 d 3
mg g
3 8
4 D3
Buoyant force Fb 1 .g
3 8
For floating w Fb
3
4 D d
3
4 D3
3 8 3 8
D 3 d 3 D3
D3 d 3 D3
1
3 3
d 1 1 d 3
D
1 1
D 3
D 1 d
4. For minimum density of liquid, solid sphere has to float (completely immersed) in the
liquid. mg FB alsoVimmersed Vtotal
R
4 r2 2 4
Now, m dV and , FB R3l g So, (20 )4 1 2 .r dr R 3l
3 0 R 3
R
r3 r5 4 3 4 20 R 3 2 4 3 40
4 20 2 R l R l l
3 5 R 0 3 3 5 3 5
5. Let p1, p2 and p3 be the pressure at points M,N and O respectively.
Pressure is given by p gh
Now, p1 0 h 0
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p2 g 5 , p3 g 5 3g 5 20g
100 500
10. a g 40 m / s 2
100
V 30 2 2 40 20 1600
2
water
h h1 h2
A B
Mercury
If the level in narrow tube goes down by h1 , then in wider tube goes up to h2
Now, r 2 h1 nr h2 h1 n2 h2
2
mg sin ma cos
ma
mg cos ma sin
mg
marel mg sin ma cos
But for water surface tan a / g
Using this in above equation we get
arel 0
17. 1
AV1 1 A2V2
18. Conceptual
19.
dx
X
PB l
d xdx
2
P0 0
2l 2
PB P0 ......... 1
2
PA 2l
d 2 p x dx
2
PB l
62l 2
PB PA ........ 2
2
Adding eq(1)& eq(2)
72l 2
PA P0
2
2 2
3.5 l
p2 p2
20. Maximum energy loss
2m 2 m M
p2 M 1 2 M
mv
2m m M 2 m M
M m
d instead of M m
mM
21. Given, Velocity of water coming out of hole= v 2 gh
Range of water R vt
2 H h
R 2 gh 2 h H h
g
h
H
R
dR H
For maximum range 0 h
dh 2
12
Range is maximum when h 6m
2
22. Here, h=constant
1 2
So, P 2 V constant
1 1
P1 V12 P2 V22
2 2
1
P1 P2 V22 V12
2
Now, by equation of continuity.
1 1 A2V2
AV
2 A2V1 A2V2 V2 2V1
1
So, P1 P2 3V12
2
2 P P 2 4500 9000
V12 1 2 4
3 3 750 2250
So, V1 2m / s
So, volume flow rate= A1V1 1.2 10 2 2
24 10 3 m3 / s
23. 1 1 A2V2
By continuity equation AV
dh
Volume flow rate A1 A2V2
dt
150 10 40 10 600 10
6 2 4 dh
dt
y 8 106 D / d
Number of shift= 20
4 107 D / d
n2
27. r
z
Where n=no. of orbit and z=atomic number
rHe ' 22 4 8
2
rBe2 2 3 9
3mg 3g
28. We have, acceleration of system as a
10m 10
3g 4 2 3 10
Taking, 7,8,9,10 together T 4ma 4m
24 N
10 10
29. Using impulse=Change in linear momentum (or area under graph).We have,
m v f vi Area
1 1 1
Or
2 v f 0 2 10 2 10 2 10 20 4 20
2 2 2
v f 50m / s
J1 10 3 10cos600 20 or J1 15 10 3 N s
J 2 10 3 10sin600 0 5 3 103 N s
153 5
2
J J12 J 22 10 3 3 or J 3 10 2 N s
CHEMISTRY
31.
OH O OH O
Br2
Ph CH C NH 2
NaOH
Ph CH NH 2 Ph C H
(unstable)
32. SN 2 reaction
33. The smaller atoms are more closely packed and require greater amount of energy to
overcome the force of attraction between them. As the atomic size increases down the
group the decrease in the melting point in that order is expected. But the melting point of
lead is more than that of tin but less than that of germanium.
34. Cold KMnO4 Syn addition
Br2 .CCl4 Trans addition
CF3CO3 H Trans addition
Cl2 .CCl4 Trans addition
35. 1.85D 1.85 10 18 esu.cm q d
H H
q2 0.94 A0
1050
q1
52.50
d
H
q2
d
cos52.50 0
d 0.609 0.94 A0
0.94 A
d 0.572 A0 q d
1.85 D 1.85 10 18 esu.cm
q1
d 0.572 A 0.572 10 8 cm
0
3 H
6
+
2 1
O
O-H
6c g 3H 2 g C6 H 6 i f H ?
38.
15
O2 6CO2 g 3 H 2O l C H 3267 kJ / mol ii
C6 H 6 l
2
C g O2 g CO2 g f H 393.5kJ / mol iii
3
3 H 2 g O2 3 H 2O l f H 857.49 kJ / mol vi
2
Adding (v)&(vi)
15
6c g 3H 2 g O2 g 6CO2 g 3 H 2O l f H 3218.49kj / mol vii
2
Reversing the equation (ii)
15
6CO2 g 3 H 2O l C6 H 6 l O2 f H 3267.0kJ / mol viii
2
Adding equations (vii)&(viii)
6C g 3H 2 g C6 H 6 l f H 48.51kJ / mol
39. Na2 SO3 H 2 SO4 Na2 SO4 H 2O SO2 g
K 2Cr2O7 H 2 SO4 3SO2 k2 SO4 Cr2 SO4 3 H 2O
(Greencolour )
8
40. Moles of NaOH (M.W of NaOH=40)
40
0.2 mol 200 m mol
%by weight 10 d 49 10 1.2
N H 2 SO4 12 N
EW2 49
mEq of H 2 SO4 12 N 10mL 120 mEq
mEq of HCl 680 1 1 680 mEq
Total mEq of acid=120 680 800m Eq
mEq of acid left= 800 200 600mEq
600
H 6 101 N
1000
P H log 6 101 log 3 2 log10 1
log 3 log 2 1
0.48 0.3 1 0.22
3H 2 N 2 ; 1
41. 2 NH 3
k1
1 H 2O ; k33
3 H 2 O2
2
N 2 O2 2 NO; k2
5 k2 .k33
2 NH 3 O2 2 NO 3 H 2O k , Hence k
2 k1
42.
2 Bi 3S
Bi2 S3
3 2
2s 3s
2s 3s
k sp 2 S 3S 108 S 5
2 3
kb
H OH k w OH kw OH kw kb
1/2 c
kw c
kb
47. G 0 2494.2 J
1 1
B C
2 A
A 2 B 2 C 2
1 1 1
Q
B C 2 2 4 1 0.0625
A2 22 4 16
G 0 2.303RT log kC
2494.2 J 2.303 8.314 300 log kc
log kc 0.4341 kc 0.37
Q Kc
x n p1 2 4 16
n 2
K p1 K p1
48. K p2 y p2 K p2 3 3
49. Both A and B is true but Ris the correct explanation for A
50. Conceptual
51. Total volume of mixture is 600 ml Let V ml of 1M benzoic acid is mixed with (600-V)
mL of 1M sodium benzoate solution.
Initial moles 1 __
At equilibrium 1 2
Total moles at equilibrium = 1 2 1
P 2 NO2
Kp P 2
PN 2O4 NO2
1
1
1
PN2O4 1
1
2 2
4 2 1
Kp 1 1
1 (1 ) (1 )
1
4 0.6 0.6 1
Given 0.6 K p
1 0.6 1 0.6
Mirror
Trans-d-isomer Trans-l-isomer
PH 8
At P H 8 , ppt just starts to occur.
MATHEMATICS
61. If 0 < a < b
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Statement I if x > 1 log x a log x b Statement 2 If 0 < x < 1
Statement 2 is true, also
10 > 3 > e > 2 If x > 0
1 1 1 1
Then log x 10 log x 3 log x e log x 2
log x 10 log x 3 log x e log x 2
log10 x log 3 x log e x log 2 x and for
We get , log10 x log 3 x log e x log 2 x
It is clear that for x 0, x 1
Statement 1 is false
62. Conceptual
63. sin x x tan x,sin 1 x x,tan 1 x x
64. General term of the sequence,
r r
Tr Tr 4
2
1 3r r 4
r 2r 1 r 2
2
r r
Tr 2 Tr
( r 1)2 r 2 ( r 2 r 1)( r 2 r 1)
1 [( r 2 r 1) ( r 2 r 1)]
1 1 1
Tr 2 2
2
(r r 1)( r r 1) 2 r r 1 r r 1
2 2
7
Take a ,b 0
3
Now (a, b) R but (b, a) R
As 3(b a) 7 0 which is rational so relation is not symmetric.
Check for Transitivity:
7 2 7
Take (a, b) as ,1 &(b, c) as 1,
3 3
So now (a, b) R &(b, c) R but (a, c) R
Which means relation is not transitive.
68. Given,
In a group of 100 persons 75 speak English and 40 speak Hindi,
And each person speaks at least one of the two languages,
And the number of persons who speak only English is and the number of persons who
speaks only
Hindi is ,
100 75 25
So, 75 (40 25) 60
Hence, number of people who speak English only is 60 and Hindi is 25,
69. Conceptual
70. n( A) 40% of 10,000=4,000
n( B) 20% of 10,000=2,000
n(C ) 10% of 10,000=1,000
n( A B) 5% of 10,000=500
n( B C ) 3% of 10,000=300
n(C A) 4% of 10,000=400
n( A B C ) 2% of 10,000=200
Number of families which buy newspaper A only
n( A Bc C c ) n A ( B C )c
n( A) n A ( B C ) n( A) n ( A B) ( A C )
n( A) n ( A B ) ( A C ) n( A B C )
=4000-[500+400-200]=4000-700 =3300
71. Since OQ=1 and OP=2 so sin(OPQ ) 1 / 2 and hence QPR / 3.
Then PQR is equilateral. Also, OM QR. Then from OMQ, OM 1 / 2 Hence,
MN 1 / 2.
Then centriod of PQR lies on z 1 .
As PQR is an equilateral triangle, so orthocenter, circumcenter, and centriod will
coincide. Now,
z1 z2 z3 2
1 Or z1 z2 z3 9
3
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Or ( z1 z2 z3 )( z1 z2 z3 ) 9
4 1 1 4 1 1
Or 9
z1 z2 z 3 z1 z2 z 3
Or QOR 120 0
3n
72. S3n 2 a (3n 1)d
2
n 1
S n1
2
2a (3n 1)d
1 d
S3n S n1 2a (3n n 1) 3n(3n 1) ( n 1)(n 2)
2 2
1
2 a(2n 1) d (8n 2 2)
2
a(2 n 1) d (4n2 1) (2n 1)[ a (2n 1)d ]
S Sn1
S2 n S2 n1 T2 n a (2n 1)d 3n (2n 1)
S2 n S2 n1
Given,
S3n S n1
31 n 15
S2 n S2 n1
For the equation x px 1 0 ,
2
73.
The product of roots, 1
2
3 3 8 2
1
From 2 1 , we have and from 2 . 8 , we have 4
2
b
Hence, from sum of roots a , we have
1 17
p 2 4
4 4
1 33
And q 2
16
2 2
r r pq
8 is arithmetic mean of p and q 8 2
17 33
r 4( p q) 4 17 66 83
4 2
ac
74. a, b, c are in A.P. b 2 (1)
a c 2ce
Or c 2
[using (1) and (3)]
2 c e
c 2 ce ae ce Or c 2 ae
3 5 7 19 18
2.1 1 2.2 1 2.3 1 2.9 1 2.10 1
18 6 69
9 9
21 7 7
p 69 and q 7 p q 69 7 76.
76. Conceptual
77. Let common tangents are T1 : y mx 4m2 9
And T2 : y mx 42 m2 143
So, 4m2 9 42m2 143
38m2 152 m 2 and c 5
For given tangent not pass through 4th T: y=2 x+5
xx yy
Now, comparing with 1 1 1
4 9
x 1 8 xx yy
We get, 1 x1 ; 2 2 1
8 5 5 42 143
84
2 x y 5 x2
5
100
Thus 2 x1 x2 20
5
1 37a
78. Vertex ,
3a 18
79. Use L hospital rule
80. B63 I
81. gof( x) g[ f ( x)] x g 1[ f ( x)] f 1 ( x) 1
I 2 1 x 7 dx 1 x 7 ·(1)dx
1 k 1 1 k 1
0 0
1
I 2 x 1 x 7 k 1
(k 1) 1 1 x 7 k 7 x 6 xdx
0
0
0 7 (k 1) 1 x7 x7 dx
1 k
7(k 1) 1 x 7 1 1 x7 dx
1 k
7(k 1) 1 x7 7(k 1) 1 x7 dx
1 k 1 k 1
0 dx 0
I 2 7(k 1) I1 7( k 1) I 2 n
I 7k 8
I 2 (7k 8) (7k 7) I1 1
I 2 7k 7
I 7k 7 1
Pk 1 1
I 2 7k 8 2k 8
I 1 1 10
1 10
Pk 1 1
I2 7k 7
Pk 1
7k 7
r 1 7 pk 1
r 1
k 1 65
a ar ar , a ar ar , ar ar 2 a
2 2
r2 r 1 0
1 5 1 5
r , (1)
2 2
r2 r 1 0
Always true r 2 r 1 0
1 5 1 5
r , , (2)
2 2
Taking intersection of (1), (2)
1 5 1 5
r ,
2 2
1 5
As r 1 r 1,
2
[r ] 1[r ] 2 9[r ] [r ] 9 2 7
86. S 1 2 4 7 Tn
S 1 2 4 ..
Tn 1 1 2 3 . Tn Tn1
n 1 n(n 1)
Tn 1 [2 ( n 2) 1] Tn 1 1
2 2
100 99
n 100Tn 1 4950 1
2
101 100
n 101Tn 1 5050 1 5051
2
102 101
n 102Tn 1 5151 1 5152
2
103 102 104 103
n 103Tn 1 5254 n 104Tn 1 5357
2 2
87. DR’s of line L -1 : 1 : 2
DR’s of AB 2 : 2 : 2
AB ar L 2 2 2 4 0
2 4 Let C is mid-point of AB
2 2 2 2
C , , DR’s of PC : :
2 2 2 2 2 2
2
Line L PC K let
2 2 4
2K 2K 2 4K
1
K 6 6
6
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88. A = {2,3,6,7} B = {2,5,6,8}
a1, b1 R a2 , b2
a1 a2 b1 b2
1. (2,4) R (6,4) 2. (2,4)R(7,5) 3.(2,5)R(7,4) 4.(3,4)R(6,5)
5.(3,5)R(6,4) 6.(3,5)R(7,5) 7. (3,6)R(7,4) 8.(3,4)R(7,6)
9.(6,5)R(7,8) 10.(6,8)R(7,5) 11.(7,8)R(7,6) 12.(6,8)R(6,4)
13.(6,6)R(6,6)
Total 24 + 1 = 25
89. Given 4 x 5 y
Then
R {(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4)
(2,5),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(4,4),(4,5),(5,4),(5,5)}
i.e 16 elements
i.e m = 16
Now to make R a symmetric relation add
{(2,1)(3,2)(4,3)(3,1)(4,2)(5,3)(4,1)(5,2)(5,1)}
i.e n = 9
So m + n = 25
90. Set A = {1,2,3}
Now Cartesian product A x A = {(1,1),(2,1),(1,2),..........,(3,3)}
Now, given the relation is reflexive,
So, (1,1),(2,2),(3,3) R
Also given (1,2),(2,3) R,(1,3) must R
Now finding, possible cases:
Case 1: All of (2,1),(3,2),(3,1) R 1 relation
Case 2: Only one of (2,1),(3,2),(3,1) R 3 relations
For example if relation is {(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(2,1)} then it is reflexive as well as transitive
as (2,2),(2,1) (2,1) is present in relation
Note that exactly two of (2,1),(3,2),(3,1) R is not possible because if two of these R,
third must R to make relation transitive.
Total number of relations = 4