ITC C106 – Computer

Programming

Java Pre Defined Methods

Prepared by: A. C. Valderama – CSE- IT

Dept.
 Predefined Classes
• Methods already written and provided by Java
• Organized as a collection of classes (class
libraries)
• To use: import package
• Method type: data type of value returned by
method
 Predefined Method Example
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
public class PredefinedMethods {

public static void main(String args[]) {

String output="";
double u = 2.5;
double v = 3.0;
double y, w;
int z = -23;

y = Math.pow(2.0, 3.2);
w = Math.pow(u, 7);

output += "RESULTS:\n" + u + " to the " + v + " is “ +

Math.pow(u,v);
output += "\nValue of w is " + w;
output += "\nThe Absolute Value of " + z + " is " +
Math.abs(z);
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, output);
System.exit(0);
}
}
Syntax: Value-Returning Method

modifier(s) returnType methodName(formal parameter list)

{
statements
}
 Syntax: Value-Returning Method
Example

public static int square(int number)

{
return number * number;
}

double u = 2.5;
double v = 3.0;
double x, y, w;
x = Math.pow(u, v);
y = Math.pow(2.0, 3.2);
w = Math.pow(u, 7);
 Various String Methods
• Substring ()
• public String substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex)
– Returns a new string that is a substring of this string. The substring begins at
the specified beginIndex and extends to the character at index endIndex - 1.
Thus the length of the substring is endIndex-beginIndex.
• Examples:
– “hamburger".substring(4, 8) returns "urge"
– "smiles".substring(1, 5) returns "mile"
• Parameters:
– beginIndex - the beginning index, inclusive.
– endIndex - the ending index, exclusive.
• Returns:
– the specified substring.
• Throws:
– IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the beginIndex is negative, or endIndex is
larger than the length of this String object, or beginIndex is larger than
endIndex.
 Various String Methods
• Substring ()
• public String substring(int beginIndex)
• Returns a new string that is a substring of this string. The substring begins
with the character at the specified index and extends to the end of this
string.
• Examples:
– "unhappy".substring(2) returns "happy“
– "Harbison".substring(3) returns "bison“
– "emptiness".substring(9) returns "" (an empty string)
• Parameters:
– beginIndex - the beginning index, inclusive.
• Returns:
– the specified substring.
• Throws:
– IndexOutOfBoundsException - if beginIndex is negative or larger than the
length of this String object.
• length()
• public int length()
• Returns the length of this string. The length is
equal to the number of 16-bit Unicode
characters in the string.
• Returns:
– the length of the sequence of characters
represented by this object.
• charAt()
• public char charAt(int index)
• Returns the character at the specified index. An index ranges
from 0 to length() - 1. The first character of the sequence is at
index 0, the next at index 1, and so on, as for array indexing.
• Parameters:
– index - the index of the character.
• Returns:
– the character at the specified index of this string. The first character is
at index 0.
• Throws:
– IndexOutOfBoundsException - if the index argument is negative or not
less than the length of this string.
• indexOf()
• public int indexOf(char ch)
• Returns the index within this string of the first
occurrence of the specified character.
• Parameters:
– ch - a character.
• Returns:
– the index of the first occurrence of the character in the
character sequence represented by this object, or -1 if the
character does not occur.
• indexOf()
• public int indexOf(String str) Returns the index within this
string of the first occurrence of the specified substring.
• Parameters:
– str - any string.
• Returns:
– if the string argument occurs as a substring within this object, then the
index of the first character of the first such substring is returned; if it
does not occur as a substring, -1 is returned.
• Throws:
– NullPointerException - if str is null.
• toUpperCase()
• public String toUpperCase()
• Converts all of the characters in this String to upper case using the rules of the
default locale, which is returned by Locale.getDefault.
• If no character in this string has a different uppercase version, based on calling the
toUpperCase method defined by Character, then the original string is returned.
• Otherwise, this method creates a new String object representing a character
sequence identical in length to the character sequence represented by this String
object and with every character equal to the result of applying the method
Character.toUpperCase to the corresponding character of this String object.
• Examples:
– “Ruskin Antoine".toUpperCase() returns “RUSKIN ANTOINE“
– "Visit Paris!".toUpperCase() returns "VISIT PARIS!"
• Returns:
– the string, converted to uppercase.
• toLowerCase()
• public String toLowerCase()
• Converts all of the characters in this String to lower case using the rules of the
default locale, which is returned by Locale.getDefault.
• If no character in the string has a different lowercase version, based on calling the
toLowerCase method defined by Character, then the original string is returned.
• Otherwise, this method creates a new String object that represents a character
sequence identical in length to the character sequence represented by this String
object, with every character equal to the result of applying the method
Character.toLowerCase to the corresponding character of this String object.
• Examples:
– "French Fries".toLowerCase() returns "french fries“
– “UNDERSTAND JAVA”.toLowerCase() returns “understand java“
• Returns:
– the string, converted to lowercase.
public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String anotherString) Compares this String
to another object. Returns true if the object is equal to this String; that
is, has the same length and the same characters in the same sequence.
Upper case characters are folded to lower case before they are
compared.

• Parameters:
anotherString - the String to compare this String against
• Returns:
true if the Strings are equal, ignoring case; false otherwise.

EXAMPLE:
String password = “JRU”;
String passwordinput;
if (passwordinput.equalsIgnoreCase(password)) {
System.out.println("Password Ok!”);
else
System.out.println("Password Denied!");
public boolean regionMatches(int toffset, String other,
int ooffset, int len)
Determines whether a region of this String matches
the specified region of the specified String.
• Parameters:
– toffset - where to start looking in this String
– other - the other String
– ooffset - where to start looking in the other String
– len - the number of characters to compare
• Returns:
– true if the region matches with the other; false
otherwise.
public boolean regionMatches(boolean ignoreCase, int toffset, String other, int
ooffset, int len)

• Determines whether a region of this String matches the specified region of the
specified String. If the boolean ignoreCase is true, upper case characters are
considered equivalent to lower case letters.
• Parameters:
– ignoreCase - if true, case is ignored
– toffset - where to start looking in this String
– other - the other String
– ooffset - where to start looking in the other String
– len - the number of characters to compare
• Returns:
– true if the region matches with the other; false otherwise.
EXAMPLE:
String str1 = "Ruskin";
String str2 = "Antoine";
String str3 = "ruskin";
output = "str1 match with str2?: " + str1.regionMatches(0,str2,0,6);
//str1 match with str2?: false
output = "str1 match with str3?: "+str1.regionMatches(true,0,str3,0,6);
//str1 match with str3?: true
public boolean startsWith(String prefix)
Determines whether this String starts with
some prefix.
• Parameters:
prefix - the prefix
• Returns:
true if the String starts with the specified
prefix; false otherwise.
public boolean endsWith(String suffix)
Determines whether the String ends with
some suffix.

• Parameters:
suffix - the suffix
• Returns:
true if the String ends with the specified
suffix; false otherwise.
public String replace(char oldChar,
char newChar) Converts this String by
replacing all occurences of oldChar with
newChar.

• Parameters:
oldChar - the old character
newChar - the new character
Resources:
• Java API

Prepared by: A. C. Valderama – CSE- IT

Dept.
Thank you!

Prepared by: A. C. Valderama – CSE- IT

Dept.