HABITAT AND ADAPTATION - Notes - Grade 6

ST.
JOHN’S PUBLIC SCHOOL – MEDAVAKKAM

CLASS 6 – HABITAT AND ADAPTATION
ANSWER IN ONE WORD OR TWO
1. The place where an organism finds food,
shelter and gets favourable climatic conditions
to reproduce is called habitat.
2. The process of changing certain features,
behaviours or habits according to the
surroundings is called adaptation.
3. Modifications are considered as changes in the
body structures of the organism.
4. The organisms are broadly classified as based
on their habitats as terrestrial and aquatic
habitats.
5. The large areas covered with tall trees and
plants are called forests.
6. Leaves that have a unique tip is called as drip
tip.
7. The organism that changes its appearance to
hide for their safety is called camouflage.
8. Trees that shed their leaves once in a year is
called deciduous.
9. Boreal forests are also called as taiga.
10. Deserts are the regions that receives very
less rainfall.
11. Desert regions are often called as arid
regions.
12. Plants that need little water to survive are
called xerophytes.
13. Plants that have floppy stems to store water
are called succulents.
14. Oxygen that they breathe combines with the
food to produce water inside their body are
called water manufacturers.
15. Hydrophytes are the plants growing in
freshwater habitats.
16. Estuaries are the regions where salt water
from the sea or ocean mixes with freshwater
from the rivers.
17. Coral reefs are the rock-like structure made
of calcium carbonate secreted by corals.
18. Mangrove trees are the trees usually grown in
the marshy region.
19. Coral reefs are also called the rainforest of
the sea.
20. Sundarbans is the largest estuary in India.
VERY SHORT ANSWERS
1. What are the types of habitat?
Habitat can be terrestrial or aquatic.
Terrestrial habitat: It is further classified
into forests, grasslands, deserts, mountains
and polar regions.
Aquatic habitat: It can be classified into
freshwater habitat, marine habitat and the
coastal habitat.
2. What is a freshwater habitat?

These are the water bodies filled with fresh
water. These include rivers, lakes, ponds,
streams etc. Water present has very low
concentration of salts. Plants growing in
water are called as hydrophytes.
3. What is a marine habitat?

Ocean and seas are termed to be marine
habitat. These are full with life. Different
varieties of organisms exist in marine habitat.
Organisms like, corals, shelled animals,
sponges, jelly fish, sharks and many others
are found in this habitat.
4. What is a coastal habitat?
This is the region represented by the place
where land meets the sea. Estuaries are
formed when the saltwater mixes with
freshwater. These habitats are unique
Special type of trees called as mangroves are
found in this region. Animals are also well
adapted to live in these regions.
5. Write about the components of habitats.

The components in a habitat are broadly
classified into two types, namely biotic and
abiotic components. Biotic components
interact with abiotic components to obtain all
the necessary conditions.
Biotic components include all the livings
organisms in a habitat, i.e., plants, animals and
microorganisms.
Abiotic components include all the non-living
things in a habitat, i.e., air, soil, water,
sunlight and temperature.
SHORT ANSWERS
1. What is habitat?
Habitat of an organism is its immediate
surroundings. Habitat is the home of the
organism where it can find food, shelter and
favourable conditions for breeding. Habitat
includes both living and non-living components.
Plants and animals possess special characters
which help them to survive in their own habitat.
2. What is a terrestrial habitat?

It refers to the land where all plants and
animals survive. Animals and plants which live
on land are called as terrestrial animals and
terrestrial plants. Animals and plants living on
the land respire oxygen from air. They release
carbon dioxide during this process. Terrestrial
habitat includes forests, grasslands, deserts,
mountains and polar regions.
3. What is an aquatic habitat?

It refers to the region covered with water
where plants and animals survive. Aquatic
habitat is further divided into freshwater
habitat, marine habitat and coastal habitat.
Water is the medium for the organisms living in
aquatic habitats.
4. What is an adaptation?
The ability of living organisms to adjust
themselves to the surroundings is called as
adaptation. Adaptations are the changes in
structure or behaviour of an organism that will
allow the organism to survive in that habitat.
Plants and animals make some natural
adjustments in some features to fit
themselves into their environment. Different
living organisms adapt themselves to their
habitats in different ways. Adaptations can be
brought about by changes in the body, changes
in the behaviour and changes in location.
5. What is called acclimatisation?

The ability of an organism to make small
adjustments or changes in the body in a short
period of time to adjust itself to the
surrounding atmosphere is called
acclimatisation. People who visit mountain
ranges suffer from altitude sickness due to
poor oxygen content in the atmosphere at such
heights. Their body gets adjusted or
acclimatised to changes in the surroundings.
DETAIL ANSWERS
1. Write about the forest habitat.
These are large areas covered with trees and
plants. Organisms living in the forest depend
upon abiotic factors like air, availability of
water, temperature, sunlight etc. Wild life in
the forest includes both plants and animals. All
these organisms are interdependent on one and
other. Plants can synthesise their own food and
store in their body. Animals make use of this
food for survival.
Three types of forests are tropical forests,
temperate forests and boreal forests.
Tropical forests are known as Rain forests are
the forests which occur between equator and
the two tropics. The temperature is maintained
between 20oC and 34oC. They receive rainfall
throughout the year. Annual rainfall is about
200cm. Different types of flora and fauna
occur in these forests.
Temperate forests occur in Northeast Asia,
North America and Central Europe.
Temperature ranges between -30oC to 30oC.
Annual rainfall is about 150cm and is received
throughout the year. Summer season is
demarcated from winter season. Trees are
deciduous trees.
Boreal forests are also called as Taiga forests.
These forests are scattered over many places
which include, China, Canada, Russia, Northern
Japan etc. Temperature ranges between -50oC
to 30oC. Annual snowfall ranges from 40 to 100
cm.
2. Write about the grassland and desert habitat.

Grasslands: These are mainly covered by long
and thick grasses. Temperature ranges
between -20oC and 30oC. Annual rainfall they
receive varies between 50cm and 90cm.
Animals like zebra, giraffe, lion and elephant
are prevalent.
Deserts: These are the areas that receive
scanty rainfall. These are dry with sand
covering the whole region. Deserts are mostly
hot regions but some of them are even too cold
regions. Temperatures are too high during day
time and too low during night time. Annual
rainfall is less than 25 cm. Animals like camel,
rattle snake, kangaroo rat is found in deserts.
Plants like cactus and thorny plants are
prevalent.
3. Write about mountain and polar region habitat.

Mountains: These regions are rocky and dry.
Sometimes water occurs as flowing streams.
Plants present on hills are xerophytes. These
are conical and evergreen. Many climbers are
found covering the huge trees. As the height
of the mountain increases, temperatures fall
down and animals are adapted to live in those
cold conditions. Winds are dry and cold.
Animals like Yak, bear, hill goats, flying fox are
the examples.
Polar region: These regions are covered with
high snowy peaks. Animals found here are
adapted by having thick furry coat on the skin.
They also have a layer of fat under the skin.
This fat is used as reserved food during ice-
cold winter. Animals like polar bears, seals,
foxes are seen. Penguins are seen standing in
the ice. Fish are adapted to live in ice-cold
water.

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ST.

JOHN’S PUBLIC SCHOOL – MEDAVAKKAM

2. What is a freshwater habitat?

3. What is a marine habitat?

5. Write about the components of habitats.

2. What is a terrestrial habitat?

3. What is an aquatic habitat?

5. What is called acclimatisation?

2. Write about the grassland and desert habitat.

3. Write about mountain and polar region habitat.

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