Propagation Technique of Layring Grafting 1

Lecture on
Propagation Technique of Layering & Grafting

Presented by
Dr. Somendra Verma
Department of Fruit Science
C. S. Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur

(U. P.)- 208 002
Contents
LAYERING GRAFTING
❑ Definition ❑ Definition
❖ How root formation takes place in Rootstock & Scion
layering
Types of Grafting-
❖ Etiolation
Types of Layering- 1) Veneer grafting

2) Tongue grafting
1) Simple layering
3) Cleft grafting
2) Serpentine or compound Layering
4) Wedge grafting
3) Mound layering or stooling 5) Bridge grafting
4) Tip Layering 6) Epicotyl grafting
5) Air Layering 7) Soft wood grafting
6) Trench Layering 8) Whip grafting
Layering:- Layering is the development of roots on a
stem while it is still attached to the mother plant.
❑ The rooted stem is them detached to become a new
plant growing on its own roots.
How root formation takes place in layering:-
❑ Root formation during layering is stimulated by
various stem treatments which cause an interruption in
the downwards translocation of carbohydrate, auxin and
other growth factors from leaves and growing shoot tips.
❑These materials accumulate near the point of the
treatment and rooting occurs in this area even
though the stem is attached to the parent plant.
❑ Water and nutrients are supplied to the layered
shoots, because the xylem remains intact.
❑ This is how the root formation takes place in
simple, serpentine and air layering.

Etiolation:-
❖ That means the internal condition of the
developing shoot can be modified during layering

to stimulate rooting.
❖The absence of light is favorable for initiation
of root primordia in the stem tissues.
❖This is how root formation take place in
Mound and Trench layering.
Types of layering
1. Simple Layering-
❑Low flexible one year old shoots
which bend freely are selected.
❑Remove a ring of bark at 20-25
cm away from the growing tip
and this wounded portion is
then buried in the soil.
❑Ideal time- Early spring or rainy
season.
❑Roots are developed in 4-5
months.
E.g.- Lime, Lemon, Guava
2. Tip Layering
❑ The tip of the current
season shoot is placed
5-7 cm below the soil
for rooting.
❑Time taken for
development of roots
may be 2-3 months.
❑E.g.- Blackberries and
Raspberries.
3. Air Layering
❑ Air layering also called Chinese layering or Gootee.
❑ Previous season shoot of pencil thickness is selected.
❑ A girdle is made on the selected shoot by removing 2.5-3 cm bark.
❑ Girdle portion is then covered by using moist sphagnum moss grass and then
wrapped with transparent polythene tape.
❑ Rooting appears in 2-3 months.
❑ Ideal time :– July-August.
E.g.- Guava, Jackfruit, Litchi, Lime.

4. Serpentine Layering
✓ This method is practiced in
plants having long soft shoots
which bend easily.
✓ The shoots are covered and
exposed alternately along the
length.
✓ Adventitious roots and new
shoots are formed from the
nodes buried into the soil.
E.g.- Muscadine grape.
5. Mound Layering
❖ It is also known as Stooling.
❖ In this method the plant is headed
back to 5-7.5 cm above the ground
level during dormant season.
❖ As the season progresses, new shoots
emerge out from the base of the
plant.
❖ These shoots are girdled at the base
and it is covered with soil to height of
about 15-20 cm.
❖ After 1 year, the shoots are rooted
and removed from the parent plant.
E.g.- Guava, Apple, Pear.
6. Trench Layering
➢ This method is also known as
Etiolation method of layering
because there is complete
covering of branch under the
soil.
➢ Selected branch is bent to the
ground and buried completely
in shallow trench.
➢ Plants form at each node on
covered branch.
E.g.- Apple, Pear, Cherry.
Grafting
Definition- Grafting is an asexual method
propagation in which parts of two different plants
are joined so that they continue their growth as one
plant. (Muthukumar and Selvakumar, 2017).
Scion- The desired variety which is grafted
or budded on a stock plant and forms the
shoot system.That plant part which is placed
Interstock-
in between stock and scion to tide over the
problem of incompatibility.
Stock- The plant part which will give rise to
the root system and into which a bud or
Types of Grafting
1. Inarching:
❑ Grafting by means of uniting a growing branch to a
stock without separating the branch from its parent
stock.
❑ Both the scion and the stock should be of pencil
thickness.
❑ Ideal time- July-August.
E.g.- Mango, Jackfruit ,Sapota Loquat.
Scion
Root
stock
2. Veneer Grafting:
❑A shallow downward and inward cut of about 3-4 cm

length is made 15 cm above the ground on rootstock.
❑A long cut is made on one side of the scion.
❑Then scion is placed into the rootstock and tied with
300 gauge polythene tape.
E.g.- Mango.
❑ Ideal time- August- September
3. Cleft Grafting:
• Also called Wedge grafting.
• It is a method for top working in order
to change varieties.
• Wedge shaped incision of about 5 cm
length is prepared on the stub of the
plant.
• Similar matching incision is prepared
on lower portion of scion.
• The scion is inserted in root stock
firmly and waxed.
• E.g.- Mango, Hazelnut, Pecanut,
Apple.
4. Whip Grafting:
❖A plant graft made by cutting both
stock and scion across obliquely,
fitting the cut surfaces so that the
cambiums are in contact, and
tying.
❖Also called splice grafting.
❖In splice grafting, both the stock
and scion must be of the same
diameter.
❖It is highly successful due to
considerable cambial contact.
E.g.- Walnut, Pecanut, Hazelnut.
5. Tongue Grafting:
✓ Diagonal cuts on stock and scion showing the
position of tongue are made.
✓Complete graft is wrapped with grafting tape.
✓It is done in apple, apricot, peach and pear.
✓It is done during Feb-March.
6. Bridge Grafting:
❑ It is a form of repair grafting.
❑ This method is practiced in plants in which scion is
healthy and some portion of rootstock near collar region
is diseased or damaged.
❑ The damaged portion of the rootstock is scratched and
incision is made on top and bottom portion of healthy
portion of stock.
❑ The scion of suitable length is inserted into incision and
fixed using nail and then sealed.
7. Epicotyl Grafting:
❖Also known as Stone grafting.
❖Epicotyl portion of rootstock seedling is replaced by a
young shoot tip.
❖Conducted with 2-3 months old scion on 7-10 days old
germinated seedlings(Singh, 2015).
❖Ideal time- Rainy Season.
E.g.- Mango.
8. Soft-wood Grafting:
❖This is very successful method of in-situ
grafting.
❖The grafting is done in the permanent
site of planting in the field itself.
Scion
❖3-5 month old scion shoot are grafted on
1 year old rootstock.
❖Ideal time:- July-August.
E.g.- Mango, Cashew, Tamarind.
Stock
Thank You

Propagation Technique of Layring Grafting 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Propagation Technique of Layring Grafting 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Propagation Technique of Layring Grafting 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lecture on

Propagation Technique of Layering & Grafting

C. S. Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur

Types of Layering- 1) Veneer grafting

treatment and rooting occurs in this area even

though the stem is attached to the parent plant.

❑ Water and nutrients are supplied to the layered

shoots, because the xylem remains intact.

❑ This is how the root formation takes place in

simple, serpentine and air layering.

developing shoot can be modified during layering

❑ Air layering also called Chinese layering or Gootee.

❑ Previous season shoot of pencil thickness is selected.

❑ A girdle is made on the selected shoot by removing 2.5-3 cm bark.

❑ Rooting appears in 2-3 months.

❑ Ideal time :– July-August.

E.g.- Guava, Jackfruit, Litchi, Lime.

❑A shallow downward and inward cut of about 3-4 cm

You might also like