MATH 270 Exam 1 The area between the curves 𝑓 > 𝑔

𝑑 𝑛 𝑑 𝑏
(𝑥 ) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1 (𝑓(𝑥)𝑔(𝑥)) = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)𝑔(𝑥) + 𝑓(𝑥)𝑔 ′(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝐴 = ∫(𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥))𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)𝑔(𝑥) − 𝑓(𝑥)𝑔′ (𝑥) 𝑎
(sin 𝑥) = cos 𝑥 ( )= 2 Volume about 𝑥 axis Disk 𝑓 ≥ 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) (𝑔(𝑥)) 𝑏

𝑑 𝑉 = ∫ 𝜋𝑓 2 𝑑𝑥
(cos 𝑥) = − sin 𝑥 𝑛
𝑥 𝑛+1
𝑑𝑥 ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = + 𝐶 𝑛 ≠ −1 𝑎
𝑛+1
𝑑 Volume about 𝑥 axis Washer 𝑓 > 𝑔
(tan 𝑥) = sec 2 𝑥 1 𝑏
𝑑𝑥 ∫ 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑎 𝑉 = ∫ 𝜋(𝑓 2 − 𝑔 2 )𝑑𝑥
𝑑
(cot 𝑥) = −csc 2 𝑥 1 1 𝑎
𝑑𝑥 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ln|𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏| + 𝐶 Volume about 𝑦 axis Shell 𝑓 > 𝑔
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑎
𝑑 𝑏
(sec 𝑥) = sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 ∫ = sin−1 ( ) + 𝐶 𝑉 = ∫ 2𝜋𝑥(𝑓 − 𝑔)𝑑𝑥
2
√𝑎 − 𝑥 2 𝑎
𝑑 𝑎
(csc 𝑥) = − csc 𝑥 cot 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥 Length of Curves
𝑑𝑥 ∫ 2 = tan−1 ( ) + 𝐶 𝑏
𝑎 +𝑥 2 𝑎 𝑎
𝑑 1 𝐿 = ∫ √1 + (𝑓′)2 𝑑𝑥
(ln 𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 ∫ = sec −1 | | + 𝐶 𝑎
𝑑 𝑥 2
𝑥√𝑥 − 𝑎 2 𝑎 𝑎 Work
(𝑒 ) = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑏
𝑑𝑥 1
∫ cos 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sin 𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶 𝑊 = ∫ 𝐹(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑑 1 𝑎
(sin−1 𝑥) = 𝑎
𝑑𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 1
∫ sin 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cos 𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶 Work (Lifting)
𝑑 1 𝑎 𝑏
(cos−1 𝑥) = −
𝑑𝑥 √1 − 𝑥 2 1 𝑊 = ∫ 𝜌𝑔𝐴(𝑦)𝐷(𝑦)𝑑𝑦
∫ sec 2 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = tan 𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑 1 𝑎 𝑎
(tan−1 𝑥) = 1 Force/ Pressure
𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑥2 ∫ csc 2 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cot 𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑎

𝑑 1 𝑎 ∫ 𝜌𝑔(𝑎 − 𝑦)𝑤(𝑦)𝑑𝑦
(cot−1 𝑥) = −
𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑥2 1 0
∫ sec 𝑎𝑥 tan 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sec 𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑 1 𝑎 Trig
(sec −1 𝑥) = 1 + cos 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 |𝑥|√𝑥 2 − 1 1 cos2 𝑥 =
∫ csc 𝑎𝑥 cot 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − csc 𝑎𝑥 + 𝐶 2
𝑑 1 𝑎
(csc−1 𝑥) = − 1 − cos 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 |𝑥|√𝑥 2 − 1
1 sin2 𝑥 =
∫ tan 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − ln|cos 𝑎𝑥| + 𝐶 2
𝑎
𝑑 𝑑𝑢 sin2 𝑥 + cos2 𝑥 = 1
[𝑓(𝑢)] = 𝑓 ′ (𝑢) 1
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ∫ cot 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln|sin 𝑎𝑥| + 𝐶 1 + tan2 𝑥 = sec 2 𝑥
𝑎
𝑦 = ln(𝑥) ⟺ 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑥 1 1 + cot2 𝑥 = csc 2 𝑥
∫ sec 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln|sec 𝑎𝑥 + tan 𝑎𝑥| + 𝐶
ln 1 = 0 ln(𝑒) = 1 𝑎 1 1
csc 𝑥 = sec 𝑥 =
𝑒 ln 𝑏 = 𝑏 ln(𝑒 𝑎 ) = 𝑎 1 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
∫ csc 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − ln|csc 𝑎𝑥 + cot 𝑎𝑥| + 𝐶
𝑎 1
ln 𝑎 + ln 𝑏 = ln(𝑎𝑏) cot 𝑥 =
Net Change tan 𝑥
𝑎 𝑏
ln 𝑎 − ln 𝑏 = ln ( ) sin(2𝑥) = 2 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
𝑏
𝑄(𝑏) − 𝑄(𝑎) = ∫ 𝑄′(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑚
𝑚 ln 𝑎 = ln(𝑎 ) cos(2𝑥) = 2 cos2 𝑥 − 1
𝑎
𝑒0 = 1 Future Value cos(2𝑥) = cos2 𝑥 − sin2 𝑥
𝑡
𝑒𝑎 cos(2𝑥) = 1 − 2 sin2 𝑥
𝑒𝑎 𝑒𝑏 = 𝑒 𝑎+𝑏 = 𝑒𝑎−𝑏 𝑄(𝑡) = 𝑄(0) + ∫ 𝑄′(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑒𝑏 0
L’Hopital’s Rule: Suppose that 𝑓 and 𝑔 are
differentiable on 𝐼, with 𝑔 ′ (𝑥) ≠ 0 on 𝐼 when 𝑥 ≠ 𝑎.

( 0/0): If lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 0 and lim 𝑔(𝑥) = 0 then

𝑥→𝑎 𝑥→𝑎
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓′(𝑥)
lim = lim
𝑥→𝑎 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑥→𝑎 𝑔′(𝑥)

(∞/∞): If lim 𝑓(𝑥) = ±∞ and lim 𝑔(𝑥) = ±∞ then

𝑥→𝑎 𝑥→𝑎
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓′(𝑥)
lim = lim
𝑥→𝑎 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑥→𝑎 𝑔′(𝑥)

provided the limit on the right exists or is ±∞. Rule

also applies if 𝑥 → 𝑎 is replaces by 𝑥 → 𝑎− , 𝑥 → 𝑎+ , or
𝑥 → ±∞

Growth Rate
lnq 𝑛 ≪ 𝑛 𝑝 ≪ 𝑛 𝑝 ln𝑟 𝑛 ≪ 𝑛 𝑝+𝑠 ≪ 𝑏 𝑛 ≪ 𝑛! ≪ 𝑛 𝑛 𝑝 > 0, 𝑞 > 0, 𝑟 > 0, 𝑠 > 0, 𝑏 > 1