Assignment 2 SEU2002

Q1.

a. An alternating current flowing through a circuit has a maximum value of 70 A. The maximum
value of the voltage is 120 V and lagging the applied current by 60o, and both current and voltage
waveforms are sinusoidal. By taking current waveform as reference;
i. Plot the current and voltage waveforms in their correct relationship as mentioned above.
ii. Calculate the impedance and draw their impedance triangle.

b. Referring to figure Q2 (a) and Q2 (b) as given below.

i. Write the expression of V1(t) in time-domain when f = 60 Hz.
ii. Determine:

a) Total impedance, Z for the circuit in figure Q2. (a).

b) Current IT, I1 and I2 and the voltage across the capacitor, Vc and inductor, VL in both
polar and rectangular form.
c) Draw the phasor diagram of Vc, VL and V1.

c. A balanced three-phase load consists of three coils in which each of them having a resistance of
4W and inductance of 20 mH. The coils are star connected to a 400 V, three-phase 50 Hz supply
system. Determine;
i. Phase voltage and phase current
ii. Line voltage and line current
iii. Draw the phasor diagram for both phase voltage and phase current.

Q2.

a.

i. With the aid of a diagram, illustrate the following in relation to a sinusoidal waveform:

- Peak value (Vp),

- Peak to peak value (Vp-p),
- rms Value (Vrms),
- Cycle
ii. Referring to Figure Q2a, write the expressions of V1(t) and V2(t) in time and phasor
domains. (note: V1(t) and V2(t) have the same angular frequency).

b. Referring to Fig. Q2b, calculate:

i. the current I, voltages across the resistor, VR, capacitor VC and inductor VL
ii. the total power factor
iii. power delivered by the circuit.
 V

72
45 V2(t)
V1(t)

1.5 31.5
t(ms)

Fig. Q2(a)

C1 = 50µF
I R1 = 10Ω R2 = 2Ω

+ -
E = 50Sin400t VR + - +
AC C2 = 50µF
VC L = 0.1H
VL

Fig. 2Q(b)

c.
i. State 2 advantages, which an AC three phase system has over an AC single-phase system.
ii. Figure 2Q(c), depicts a balanced three phase Y-Y system having a phase sequence ABC.
Find:

- The angles θ2 and θ3

- The voltage across each phase impedance in phasor form
- The current across each phase impedance in phasor form
 - Magnitude of the line voltage
- Verify that for this balanced load system, its neutral current IN is zero.

A IL a
EL + IФL
IФg 9Ω
+
EФ 120/0o EL VФ
- 12Ω
N -n
IФg IФL 9Ω
IФg 9Ω - -
120/θ3 - - 120/θ2 IФL
12Ω 12Ω
EФ EФ VФ VФ
+ + B c
C + + b
EL

Fig. Q2(c)

Q3.

Given v(t ) = 15.56sin(wt + 15)kV

i1 (t ) = 503.2 sin(wt + 5)A

i2 (t ) = 300.4 sin(wt - 7)A

Based on given equation,

a. Draw the complete v(t ), i1 (t ) and i 2 (t ) time domain equations where the frequency = 80 Hz.
b. Write the phasor domain equations and also draw the phasor diagrams of the given time domain
equations.
c. Find the instantaneous values for v(t ), i1 (t ) and i 2 (t ) at t1 = 1.25ms and t 2 = 10.5ms where the
frequency = 80 Hz.
d. Find the relationship (leading/lagging) between v(t ), i1 (t ) and i 2 (t ) .
e. Find the apparent, real and reactive power
i. Between v(t ), i1 (t ) and
 ii. Between v(t ), i 2 (t ) .
Q4.

Q=1248.48 Var

25.5o

P=2617.49 W

Figure Q4: Triangular power for device 1

Based on Figure Q4, device 1 used 2450.23 W real powers and 1551.25 Var reactive powers with 25.5o
power factor.

a. Calculate the apparent power of the device 1

b. If voltage supply for device 1 in phasor domain, V = 415Ð11.1o , find the current supply, in phasor
domain, which I lagging V.
c. Rewrite the voltage and current equation used by device 1 in time domain
d. Draw the voltage and current supply if the frequency = 45 Hz.

Q5.
a. Briefly explain, an advantages of AC system compare to DC system
b. Through a measurement unit, below is recorded voltage and current in time domain equation of
the air-conditioning system.
(
v(t ) = 339.42 sin 314t + 30 o Volt )
(
i(t ) = 14.14 sin 314t - 15 o Ampere)
i. For both v(t) and i(t), find peak to peak value, average value and root mean square value.
ii. Calculate the system frequency.
iii. Rewrite the above equations into phase domain and draw the phasor diagram.
iv. Is v(t) leading or lagging i(t). State the phase angle.
v. Calculate the apparent power, real power and reactive power for this air-conditioning
system.

c. A workshop which is 3-phase balanced load with Y connection received electric supply from
Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) with 3-phase balanced voltage with Y configuration, where line
voltage, Vline = 415 Volt, 50 Hz.
i.Draw the 3 phase configuration between load and supply with neutral connection.
ii.How do we know the loads are balanced?
 iii.Calculate the current usage by the workshop if it used 23kW real power with 0.85 power
factor.
iv.Find the apparent power and the reactive power used by the workshop.
v.How to improve the power factor of the workshop
Q6.

a. Explain briefly the following terms. Give units where appropriate.

i. Frequency
ii. Phasor.
iii. Impedance of an element
iv. Two advantages of three-phase supply for distribution purposes.

b. For the following pairs of sinusoids, sketch the phasor diagram and determine which one leads or
lags and by how much.
i. v(t) = 10 cos(100t - 60°) V and i(t) = 4 sin(100t + 50°) A
ii. i1(t) = 13 cos2t + 5 sin2t and i2(t) = 15 sin(2t – 11.8°)

c. For the circuit shown in Figure Q6(c), find the real power, apparent power and the power factor
for the following cases.

Real power, Reactive power, Power

ZLoad
P (W) Q (VAR) factor

Resistor 10 W

Inductor 20 mH

10 W resistor series with

20 mH inductor

30 cos 100t A Z Load

Figure Q6(c)
d.
i. With the aid of circuit diagram, define the phase current and line current for a balanced three-
phase Delta-connected load.
ii. A power system of a balanced Star connected load is known to have VRY = 415Ð45° V,
VYB = 415Ð - 75° V and IB = 20Ð45° A. Find:
a) VBR
b) phase voltages
c) Impedance, Z at each phase. Hence, is the element R, L or C? Give your reason.
Q7.

a. For the circuit shown in Figure Q7

i. Find the value of the total impedance ZT and the current I.

ii. Write the voltage and current in time-domain representation and the sketch the
waveforms for a half-cycle indicating the peak value and the phase angle?

iii. Calculate the complex power and the power factor, indicating its type.

2W -j6 W

I 3W
4W 16 mH

240 Ð10° V
f = 50 Hz

ZT
Figure Q7

b. A single phase motor operating at 230 V, 50 Hz, 15 kW with efficiency 88% and 0.7 power factor
lagging.

i. Determine the input active, reactive and apparent powers

ii. Sketch the power triangle
iii. What is the value of parallel capacitor needed to correct the motor’s power factor to 0.95.

c. A balanced RYB- sequence Y-connected three phase, 50 Hz, source with VRN = 120 Ð15° V, is
connected to a D-connected balanced load (10 + j 4) W per phase.

i. Calculate the phase and line currents

ii. Determine the total power supplied to the load
iii. Sketch the phasor diagram illustrating various phase and line currents.
Q8. Given

V = 240Ð12.3o V

I = 5.6Ð - 22.7 o A

(i) Calculate the impedance of the given system

(ii) Calculate the real power, P and reactive power absorb by the impedance.

(iii) Sketch the power triangle of the given system

(iv) Rewrite the above equations into time domain and sketch it in one complete cycle. The
system frequency is 50 Hz. All important information must be included and label such as
peak value, peak to peak value, period and phase angle.

Q9.
12W

15W

230 V
0.8H 10µF
50Hz

0.5H

4.5W

Figure Q9
Referring to Figure Q9, find:
(i) The apparent power, S supply by the source.
(ii) The current flow into 12 resistor.
(iii) The power factor of the circuit.
Q10.

For star or wye connection in 3 phase balanced system, please prove that the Vline is leading
Vphase with 30o. Assume that VRN=10Ð0o Volt.
Q11.

(a) By showing step-by-step calculation, write the following AC signals in terms of;

v1(t) = 70 sin (ωt - 20º)

v2(t) = 5 cos (ωt + 15º)

(i) phasor/rectangular form, and

(ii) compute v1(t) + v2(t) and show the answer in time domain.

(b) As shown in Figure Q11(b), series-parallel RLC load is connected to an AC source

of 220∠10º V with 60 Hz frequency.

(i) Compute the total impedance, ZT and state the characteristic of the circuit.

(ii) Determine the total current, IT, current I1 and current I2.

(iii) Draw phasor diagram for VS, IT, I1 and I2.

 C

13 µF
I2 L
R

4Ω 80 mH

IT Vs

35∠15º V

Figure Q11(b)

(c) Figure Q11(c) shows a balanced Y-connected generator supplies to a balanced delta-
connected AC load. The supplied line voltage, VRY and the load impedance, Z are
given as the following.

VRY = 415∠5º V

Z = (3 + j11) Ω

(i) Compute all phase and line currents at the load.

(ii) Determine the total active power, P and total reactive power, Q absorbed by the
load.

(iii) Compute the phase voltages supplied by the generator, VRS, VYS and VBS.
 (iv) State and explain three (3) advantages of three-phase system compared to
single-phase system.

IR
R

R
VRS IRY

VRY
S
VBR Z Z
VBS VYS
IBR
IY
Y Y
B Z B
IYB
VYB

IB

Figure Q11(c)