20/11/2020 Python Tutorial For Beginners.

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PYTHON TUTORIAL FOR BEGINNERS

class Python:

def programin_with_mosh:

#here my code..

Transcribed by: Janner Pareja

Author: Mosh Hamedani

Date: 16 sep. 2020

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TABLE OF CONTENT

1. Introduction

2. What You Can Do With Python

3. My First Python Program

4. Variables

5. Receiving Input

6. Type Conversion

7. Strings

8. Arithmetic Operators

9. Operator Precedence

10. Comparison Operators

11. Logical Operators

12. If Statements

13. Exercise

14. While Loops

15. Lists

16. List Methods

17. For Loops

18. The range() Function

19. Tuples

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Introduction
Python (programming language)
Python is an interpreted, high-level and general-purpose programming language. Python's design
philosophy emphasizes code readability with its notable use of signi cant whitespace. Its
language constructs and object-oriented approach aim to help programmers write clear, logical
code for small and large-scale projects.[28]

Python is dynamically typed and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms,

including structured (particularly, procedural), object-oriented, and functional programming. Python
is often described as a "batteries included" language due to its comprehensive standard library.[29]

Python was created in the late 1980s, and rst released in 1991, by Guido van Rossum as a
successor to the ABC programming language. Python 2.0, released in 2000, introduced new
features, such as list comprehensions, and a garbage collection system with reference counting. It
was discontinued as version 2.7 in 2020.[30] Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision of
the language that is not completely backward-compatible and much Python 2 code does not run
unmodi ed on Python 3.

Python interpreters are available for many operating systems. A global community of programmers
develops and maintains CPython, a free and open-source[31] reference implementation. A non-
pro t organization, the Python Software Foundation, manages and directs resources for Python
and CPython development.

History
Python was conceived in the late 1980s[32] by Guido van Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde &
Informatica (CWI) in the Netherlands as a successor to the ABC programming language, which was
inspired by SETL),[33] capable of exception handling and interfacing with the Amoeba operating
system.[8] Its implementation began in December 1989.[34] Van Rossum shouldered sole
responsibility for the project, as the lead developer, until 12 July 2018, when he announced his
"permanent vacation" from his responsibilities as Python's Benevolent Dictator For Life, a title the
Python community bestowed upon him to re ect his long-term commitment as the project's chief
decision-maker.[35] He now shares his leadership as a member of a ve-person steering council.
[36][37][38] In January 2019, active Python core developers elected Brett Cannon, Nick Coghlan,
Barry Warsaw, Carol Willing and Van Rossum to a ve-member "Steering Council" to lead the
project.[39] Guido van Rossum has since then withdrawn his nomination for the 2020 Steering
council.[40]

Python 2.0 was released on 16 October 2000 with many major new features, including a cycle-
detecting garbage collector and support for Unicode.[41] More

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What You Can Do With Python

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My First Python Program

1 #Mi primer programa en Python

2 print("Hello World")

Hello World

Variables

Variables are the names you give to computer memory locations which are used to store values in
a computer program.

1 age = 20 #integer
2 price = 19.95 #Float
3 first_name = "Janner" #String
4 is_online = False #Boolean
5
6 print(age)
7 print(price)
8 print(first_name)
9 print(is_online)

20
19.95
Janner
False

Receiving Input

Input and output is terminology referring to the communication between a computer program and
its user. Input is the user giving something to the program, and output is the program giving
something to the user.

1 #input data (input)

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put data ( put)
2 name = input("What is your name? ")
3 #We join the variable "name" to a new string and print
4 print("Hello " + name)

What is your name? Janner

Hello Janner

Type Conversion

In computer science, type conversion or typecasting refers to changing an entity of one datatype
into another.

Ops! the program crash

1 birth_year = input("Enter your birth year: ")

2 age = 2020 - birth_year #Here we have an Error!
3 # age = 2020 - "1981"
4 print(age)

Enter your birth year: 1981

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-20-368c2c04ef45> in <module>()
1 birth_year = input("Enter your birth year: ")
----> 2 age = 2020 - birth_year #Here we have an Error!
3 # age = 2020 - "1981"
4 print(age)

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -: 'int' and 'str'

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Solution!

1 birth_year = input("Enter your birth year: ")

2 age = 2020 - int(birth_year)
3 print(age)

Enter your birth year: 1981

39

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Functions For Conversions

int(): Integer data

float(): Decimal data

bool(): A binary variable, having two possible values called “true” and “false.”.

str(): Text strings

Practice

First: 10.1
Second: 20
Sum: 30.1

1 #Apparently something happens here!

2 first = input("First: ")
3 #first = "10"
4 second = input("Second: ")
5 #second = "20"
6 sum = first + second
7 #sum = "10" + "20"
8 # "1020"
9 print(sum)

First: 10
Second: 20
1020

1 #This is better!
2 #Using int() function
3 first = input("First: ")
4 second = input("Second: ")
5 sum = int(first) + int(second)
6 print(sum)

First: 10
Second: 20
30

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Ops! the program crash

1 first = input("First: ")

2 second = input("Second: ")
3 sum = int(first) + int(second)
4 print(sum)

First: 10.1
Second: 20
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-21-366f4dcbface> in <module>()
1 first = input("First: ")
2 second = input("Second: ")
----> 3 sum = int(first) + int(second)
4 print(sum)

ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '10.1'

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Solution!

1 #Using float() function

2 first = input("First: ")
3 second = input("Second: ")
4 sum = float(first) + float(second)
5 print("Sum: " + str(sum))

First: 10.1
Second: 20
Sum: 30.1

Other solution!

1 #Using float() function

2 first = input("First: ")
3 second = input("Second: ")
4 sum = float(first) + float(second)
5 print("Sum: " + str(sum))

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Strings

In computer programming, a string is traditionally a sequence of characters, either as a literal

constant or as some kind of variable.

1 # Python for Beginners

2 # 0123456789..
3 course = 'Python for Beginners'
4
5 #text formatting
6 print(course.upper())
7 print(course.lower())
8 print(course)
9
10 #find
11 print(course.find('y'))
12 print(course.find('for'))
13
14 #replace
15 print(course.replace('for', '4'))
16
17 #boolean
18 print('Python' in course)

PYTHON FOR BEGINNERS

python for beginners
Python for Beginners
1
7
Python 4 Beginners
True

Arithmetic Operators

The basic arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Arithmetic is
performed according to an order of operations.

1 #sum
2 print(10 + 3)
3 #subtraction
4 print(10 - 3)
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5 #division with decimals

6 print(10 / 3)
7 #division without decimals
8 print(10 // 3)
9 #module
10 print(10 % 3)
11 #exponentiation
12 print(10 ** 3)
13
14 #assignment operator
15 x = 10
16 x = x + 3
17 #x += 3
18 #x -= 3
19 #x *= 3
20 print(x)

13
7
3.3333333333333335
3
1
1000
13

Operator Precedence

In mathematics and computer programming, the order of operations (or operator precedence) is a
collection of rules that re ect conventions about which procedures to perform rst in order to
evaluate a given mathematical expression.

1 x = 10 + 3 * 2
2 x = (10 + 3) * 2
3 print(x)

26

Comparison Operators

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Operators that compare values and return true or false . The operators include: > , < , >= , <= , === ,
and !== .

Haz doble clic (o pulsa Intro) para editar

1 x = 3 > 2 #greater than

2 #x = 3 >= 2 #greater than or equal to
3 #x = 3 < 2 #less than
4 #x = 3 <= 2 #less than or equal to
5 #x = 3 == 2 #equal to
6 #x = 3 != 2 #not equal to
7
8 print(x)

True

Logical Operators

A logical operator is a symbol or word used to connect two or more expressions such that the
value of the compound expression produced depends only on that of the original expressions and
on the meaning of the operator.

# and (both)

# or (at least one)

# not (negation)

1 price = 25
2 print(price > 10 and price < 30)
3 print(price > 10 or price < 30)
4 print(not price > 10)

True
True
False

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If Statements

The if statement allows you to control if a program enters a section of code or not based on
whether a given condition is true or false. One of the important functions of the if statement is that
it allows the program to select an action based upon the user's input.

1 #If condition
2 temperature = 35
3
4 if temperature > 30:
5 print("It's a hot day")
6 print("Drink plenty of water")

It's a hot day

Drink plenty of water

1 #¿what happen here?

2 temperature = 25
3
4 if temperature > 30:
5 print("It's a hot day")
6 print("Drink plenty of water")

1 #Ok, is done!
2 temperature = 25
3
4 if temperature > 30:
5 print("It's a hot day")
6 print("Drink plenty of water")
7 print("Done")

Done

1 #elif / else
2 temperature = 25
3
4 if temperature > 30:
5 print("It's a hot day")
6 print("Drink plenty of water")
7 elif temperature > 20: # (21, 30]
8 print("It's a nice day")
9 elif temperature > 10: # (11, 20)
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10 print("It's a bit cold")

11 else:
12 print("It's cold")
13 print("Done")

It's a nice day

Done

Exercise

Weight: 170
(K)g or (L)bs: l
Weight in Kg: 76.5

Response

1 weight = int(input("Weight: "))

2 unit = input("(K)g or (L)bs: ")
3
4 if unit.upper() == "K":
5 converted = weight / 0.45
6 print("Weight in Lbs: " + str(converted))
7 else:
8 converted = weight * 0.45
9 print("Weight in Kgs: " + str(converted))
10

Weight: 170
(K)g or (L)bs: l
Weight in Kgs: 76.5

While Loops

In most computer programming languages, a while loop is a control ow statement that allows
code to be executed repeatedly based on a given Boolean condition.

1 print("1")
2 print("2")
3 print("3")
4 print("4")
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4 print( 4 )
5 print("5")

1 i = 1
2 while i <= 5:
3 print(i)
4 i += 1

1
2
3
4
5

1 i = 1
2 while i <= 10:
3 print(i * '*')
4 i += 1

*
**
***
****
*****
******
*******
********
*********
**********

Lists

List is the most versatile data type available in functional programming languages used to store a
collection of similar data items. The concept is similar to arrays in object-oriented programming.
List items can be written in a square bracket separated by commas.

1
1.1
True
'a'

1 names = ["John", "Bob", "Mosh", "Sam", "Mary"]

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2 print(names)
3 print(names[0])
4 print(names[-1])
5 print(names[-2])
6 names[0] = "Jon"
7 print(names)
8 print(names[0:3])

['John', 'Bob', 'Mosh', 'Sam', 'Mary']

John
Mary
Sam
['Jon', 'Bob', 'Mosh', 'Sam', 'Mary']
['Jon', 'Bob', 'Mosh']

List Methods

1 numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
2 #The append() method appends an element to the end of the list.
3 numbers.append(6)
4 print(numbers)
5 #The list insert() method inserts an element to the list at the specified index.
6 numbers.insert(0, -1)
7 print(numbers)
8 #Remove() searches for the given element in the list and removes the first matching elemen
9 numbers.remove(3)
10 print(numbers)
11 #The clear() method removes all items from the list.
12 numbers.clear()
13 print(numbers)

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[-1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6]
[]

1 numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
2 print(1 in numbers)
3 #The len() function returns the number of items in an object
4 print(len(numbers))

True
5

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For Loops

In computer science, a for-loop (or simply for loop) is a control ow statement for specifying
iteration, which allows code to be executed repeatedly. ... For-loops are typically used when the
number of iterations is known before entering the loop.

1 numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
2 print(numbers)

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

1 numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
2 for item in numbers:
3 print(item)

1
2
3
4
5

1 i = 0
2 while i < len(numbers):
3 print(numbers[i])
4 i += 1

1
2
3
4
5

The range() Function

Range() function generates a list of numbers between the given start integer to the stop integer.

1 numbers = range(5)
2 print(numbers)

range(0, 5)
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1 for number in numbers:

2 print(number)

0
1
2
3
4

1 numbers = range(5, 10)

2 for number in numbers:
3 print(number)

5
6
7
8
9

1 numbers = range(5, 10, 2)

2 for number in numbers:
3 print(number)

5
7
9

1 for number in range(5):

2 print(number)

0
1
2
3
4

Tuples

A tuple is a collection of objects which ordered and immutable

1 numbers = (1, 2, 3)
2 numbers[0] = 10

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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-51-465a0d58e464> in <module>()
1 numbers = (1, 2, 3)
----> 2 numbers[0] = 10

TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

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1 numbers = (1, 2, 3, 3)
2 print(numbers.count(3))
3 print(numbers.index(2))

2
1

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Python Tutorial - Python for Beginners [2020]

Reference link

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