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7 segment display Lab 4 - nill

Electronics II (COMSATS University Islamabad)

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Name: Fatma Alshammari

Course Name: EE/CS 327
Laboratory Assignment 4

Objective:
In this lab, we design and implement BCD to 7-Segment decoder.
The Seven segment display is most frequently used the digital display in calculators, digital
counters, digital clocks, measuring instruments, etc. Usually, the displays like LED’s as well as
LCD’s are used to display the characters as well as numerical numbers. But, a seven segment
display is used to display both the numbers and characters. These displays are frequently
driven by the output phases of digital integrated circuits like decade counters as well as
latches. However the outputs of these are in the type of 4-bit BCD (Binary Coded Decimal),
so not appropriate for directly operating the seven segment display. For that, a display
decoder can be employed for converting BCD code to seven segment code. Generally, it has
four input lines as well as seven output lines. This article discusses how to design a BCD to
seven segment display decoder circuit using logic gates.
BCD to 7-Segment Decode
7-Segment Display:

A seven-segment display (SSD) is a form of the electronic display device for displaying
decimal numerals. The seven elements of the display can be selected in different
combinations to represent the decimal numerals. Often the seven segments are arranged
in an oblique (slanted) arrangement, which aids readability. Seven-segment displays may
use a light-emitting diode (LED) or a liquid crystal display (LCD), for each segment, or other
light- generating or controlling techniques. There are two types of simple LED package 7-
Segment display:

 Common Anode
 Common Cathode

The Common Cathode Display (CCD):

In the common cathode display, all the cathode connections of the LED’s are joined
together to logic “0” or ground. The individual segments are illuminated by application of
a “HIGH”, logic “1” signal to the individual Anode terminals.

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The Common Anode Display (CAD):

In the common anode display, all the anode connections of the LED’s are joined together
to logic “1” and the individual segments are illuminated by connecting the individual
Cathode terminals to a “LOW”, logic “0” signal.

Common Cathode and Common Anode Format:

Electrical connection of the individual diodes for a common cathode display and a common
anode display and by illuminating each light emitting diode individually, they can be made to
display a variety of numbers or characters.

Segment Display Format:

So in order to display the number “3” for example, segments a, b, c, d and g would need to
be illuminated. If we wanted to display a different number or letter then a different set of
segments would need to be illuminated. Then for a 7-segment display, we can produce a
truth table giving the segments that need to be illuminated in order to produce the required
character.

BCD to 7-Segment Display Decoders:

A binary coded decimal (BCD) to 7-segment display decoder such as the TTL 74LS47 or
74LS48, have 4 BCD inputs and 7 output lines, one for each LED segment. This allows a

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smaller 4-bit binary number (half a byte) to be used to display all the denary numbers
from 0 to 9 and by adding two displays together, a full range of numbers from 00 to 99 can
be displayed with just a single byte of eight data bits.

BCD to 7-Segment Decoder:

Truth Table for a 7-segment display

7-Segment Display Elements for all Numbers.

7 A B C D a b c d e f g
Segmen
t
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
4 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
5 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
6 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
7 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
U 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
U 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
U 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
U 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
U 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
U 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
K-Map for a:
AB/CD 00 01 11 10

00 0 1 0 0

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01 1 0 0 0

11 1 1 1 1

10 0 0 1 1

K-Map for b:
AB/CD 00 01 11 10

00 0 0 0 0

01 0 1 1 0

11 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0
K-Map for c:
AB/CD 00 01 11 10

00 0 0 1 0

01 0 0 0 0

11 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0

K-Map for d:
AB/CD 00 01 11 10

00 0 1 0 0

01 1 0 0 1

11 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0

K-Map for e:
AB/CD 00 01 11 10

00 0 1 0 1

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01 1 1 0 1

11 0 0 0 0

10 0 1 0 0

K-Map for f:
AB/CD 00 01 11 10

00 0 1 1 1

01 0 0 0 1

11 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0

K-Map for g:
AB/CD 00 01 11 10

00 1 1 0 0

01 0 0 0 1

11 1 1 1 1

10 0 0 1 1

By using K-Map the expression for a, b, c, d, e, f, and g are given below

a = A` B` C` D + B C` D` + A B + A C
b= A` B D
c=A` B` C D

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d=A` B` C` D + A` B D`
e=B` C` D + A` C D` + A` B C`
f= A` B` D + A` C D`
g= A` B` C` + B C D` + A B + A C

Code:

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
--------------------------------------------------------------
entity bcd_to_7seg is
--------------------------------------------------------------
Port ( A1,B1,C1,D1 : in STD_LOGIC;
a,b,c,d,e,f,g : out STD_LOGIC);
end bcd_to_7seg;
-------------------------------------------------------------
architecture Behavioral of bcd_to_7seg is
--------------------------------------------------------------
begin

a <= (Not A1 AND NOT B1 AND NOT C1 AND D1) OR (B1 AND NOT C1 AND NOT D1) OR (A1 AND B1) OR
(A1 AND C1);
b <= NOT A1 AND B1 AND D1;
c <= NOT A1 AND NOT B1 AND C1 AND D1;
d <= (NOT A1 AND NOT B1 AND NOT C1 AND D1) OR (NOT A1 AND B1 AND NOT D1);
e <= (NOT B1 AND NOT C1 AND D1) OR (NOT A1 AND C1 AND NOT D1) OR (NOT A1 AND B1 AND NOT
C1);
f <= (NOT A1 AND NOT B1 AND D1) OR (NOT A1 AND C1 AND NOT D1);
g <= (NOT A1 AND NOT B1 AND NOT C1) OR (B1 AND C1 AND NOT D1) OR (A1 AND B1) OR (A1 AND
C1);

end Behavioral;

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Figure Show Circuit Diagram of a, b, c, d, e, f and g expression

Result:

For 4

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For 5

For 8

For 9

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For U

Critical Analysis / Conclusion:

In this lab I had designed BCD to 7-Segment decoder. As we know that a seven segment
display is a form of the electronic display device which is use for displaying decimal
numerals. Seven-segment displays may use a light-emitting diode (LED) or a liquid crystal
display (LCD), for each segment, or other light-generating or controlling techniques. There
are two types of simple LED package 7-Segment display. We can use common anode and
common cathode depending upon our device. This is a useful setup that can be applied to
any circuit where a count is required. It can be extended through additional counters and
decoders to count decimal with more digits (0-99 etc.). The addition of a real-time clock
could allow this to form the display of a digital clock.

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