CERT'D

PFC

National Grid Saudi Arabia

APPR'D

PFC
CHK'D

PFC
INITIAL SUBMISSION
DESCRIPTION

NATIONAL GRID SA

REPLACEMENT OF OLD 13.8KV SWITCHGEAR

IN KHULAIS SS AT MAKKAH

CT ADEQUACY CALCULATION FOR

BUSBAR AND TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
PFC
BY
4/26/2023
DATE
NO.
0

REVISIONS
DRAWN
BY:- PFC

DATE:- 4/26/2023

CHECKED
BY:- PFC

DATE:- 4/26/2023

OPRG. DEPT

BY PFC

DATE:- 4/26/2023

ENG'G. DEPT.

BY:- PFC

DATE:- 4/26/2023

CERTIFIED.

BY:- PFC

DATE:- 4/26/2023 AS BUILT BY POWER FLOW CONTRACTING DATE 26/04/2023

THIS DRAWING IS NOT DRAWING TITLE INDEX PLANT DRAWING NO. SHEET NO. REV NO.
TO BE USED FOR
CONSTRUCTION OF
CT ADEQUACY CALCULATION
FOR ORDERING
P PFC/KHUL/001 01 of 08 00
MATERIALS UNTIL
CERTIFIED AND FOR KHULAIS SS - 13.8KV
DATED MAKKAH SAUDI ARABIA CONTRACT NO: DWG. CONT. SHT: PFC/KHUL/001
 DATE : 4/28/2023 KHULAIS SUBSTATION PREPARED BY :
CT ADEQUACY CALCULATION POWER FLOW CONT

INDEX

SL.NO. DESCRIPTION SHT.NO

1 COVER SHEET 1

2 INDEX SHEET 2

3 GENERAL 3

3.1 PREAMBLE 3

3.2 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR CT SIZING CALCULATION 3

3.3 DESIGN BASIS AND REFERENCES FOR CT CALCULATION 3

3.4 CT LEAD RESISTANCE CALCULATION 3

4 BUSBAR PROTECTION (REB650) 4

5 TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION (RET521) 6

DWG NO:PFC/KHUL/001
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CT ADEQUACY CALCULATION POWER FLOW CONT.
3.GENERAL

3.1 PREAMBLE:
This document covers 13.8kV Transformer Differential protection and Busbar
Protection CT Sizing calculations for KHULAIS SS

3.2 GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR CT SIZING CALCULATION

SYSTEM DATA:
3.2.1 System Voltage in kV : 13.8 kV
3.2.2 Maximum CB Interrupting Capacity : 25000 A
3.2.3 System Frequency : 60 Hz

3.3 DESIGN BASIS AND REFERENCES FOR CT CALCULATION

3.3.1 CT secondary excitation limiting emf and other parameters of CT's are calculated
at adopted tap setting, as shown in relaying & metering one line diagram.
3.3.2 Lead length considered are assumed
3.3.3 Relay manufacturer's recommendation is followed for Vk estimation

3.4 CT LEAD RESISTANCE CALCULATION:

The resistance of a conductor per unit length
RL : R20 * L [1+ά * (T-20)]
Where,
RL : Lead wire Resistance (Two Way Length)

L : Total Length of the Lead Wire

R20 : CT Lead Resistance pu Length@ 20°C

ά : Temperature Co-efficient of Resistance of

copper Conductor at inferred absolute zero
Temperature (1/234.5)

T : Final Temperature of the Wires (T=75°C)

RL : 0.00308*1[1+(1/234.5)*(75-20]

: 0.0038 ohm/m

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4 BUSBAR PROTECTION (REB650)

CT DETAILS
CT Tag : CT-1, CORE 3
CT Ratio : 3000
Adopted Tap : 3000 /1A
CT sec : 1A
Rct : 15.0 Ohms
Class : 5P
Burden : 15.0 VA
ALF : 20
Ek (Derived) : 600.0 V

CONNECTED BURDEN:
REB650 : 0.25 VA
2
Rb : VA/I
: 0.25/1^2
Rb : 0.250 Ohms

SECONDARY CIRCUIT CABLE DETAILS:

Distance : 70 m
(SWGR to Relay panel)
RP L-1 to RP L-2
Cable resistance (ohm/m) : 0.0038 ohms
Resistance for 6 sq.mm cable per meter

RL : 70*0.0038
0.27 Ohms

2RL : 0.53 Ohms

RATED EQUIVALENT KNEE POINT VOLTAGE REQUIREMENT:

To ensure correct operation of connected relay in case of internal or through faults, the CT
knee point voltage should be heigher than setting voltage(Vs) to produce secondary emf that should be
able to transform symmetrical short - circuit current without saturation. To achieve this characterstic,
the rated knee point voltage Vk shall should follow the relation ;

Vs : If * (Rct + RL)

where,

If Maximum through fault Current Secondary

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RCT The Secondary Resistance of the CT (Ω)

RCT The Secondary Resistance of the CT (Ω)

RL The Resistance of the Secondary wire and additional load (Ω). The loop resistance
containing the phase and neutral wires must be used for faults in solidly earthed systems.

Calculation:

Maximum through Fault current Primary : 25000 A

Maximum through Fault current Secondary : 8.33 A

Vs : If * (Rct + 2 RL)

: 8.33*(15+0.53)

: 130

Vk > 2Vs : 2*130

Vk : 260

Since the available Ek is higher than the calculated value, the CT is adequate.

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5 TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION (RET521)

TRANSFORMER DETAILS
MVA : 60 MVA
Voltage Ratio : 110 / 13.8KV
% Impedance : 8% (Assumed)
LV Full load current (Pri) : 2510 A
LV Full load current (Sec) : 0.8 A
LV Through Fault current (Pri) : 31378.7 A
LV Through Fault current (Sec) : 10.5 A

CT DETAILS
CT Core Number : CT 181-1
CT Ratio : 3000 /1A
Tap : 3000 A
CT Secondary : 1A
Class : 5P20
ALF : 20
BURDEN : 15 VA
Vk (DERIVED) : 620 V
RCT : 16.00 Ω

CONNECTED BURDEN:
RET521 : 0.25 VA
Rb : VA/I2
: 0.25/110 / 13.8KV^2
Rb : 0.250 Ohms

SECONDARY CIRCUIT CABLE DETAILS:

Distance : 100 m

RP L-1 to RP L-2
Cable resistance (ohm/m) : 0.0038 ohms
Resistance for 6 sq.mm cable per meter

RL : 100*0.0038
0.38 Ohms

2RL : 0.76 Ohms

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5.1 CT REQUIREMENTS OF TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION - RET521 RELAY

To ensure correct operation of the connected relay, the CT should fulfill the following
conditions for Internal and Through faults

For Internal Fault,

For External Fault,

Where,

Eal : Knee point voltage

Int : CT Secondary current correponding to FLC 0.8 A

k : Constant = 2

Rct : Secondary windg resistance of the CT = 16.00 Ω

Rl : Lead burden 0.38 Ohms

Zt : Connected Burden = 0.25 Ohms

Itf : LV Through Fault Current = 10.5 A

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5.2 KNEE POINT VOLTAGE CALCULATION FOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION: LV SIDE

For Internal Fault,

Eal > 30x0.8x(16+2x0.38+0.25)

Eal > 427 V

For External Fault,

Eal > 2x10.5x(16+2x0.38+0.25)

Eal > 356 V

Since the available Ek is more than the calculated value, the CT is adequate

PROJECT: KHULAIS SUBSTATION, MAKKAH DWG NO:PFC/KHUL/001

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