Environmental Management

System- ISO 14001- Requirements

BY
Gamini Dharmawardana
Environment
Surroundings in which an
organization operates,
including air, water, land,
natural resources, flora,
fauna, humans, and their
interrelation

Surroundings in this context PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT

extend from within an
organization to the global
system
Why Environmental issues?
 Due to poor management of resources/Activities

Environmental issues

Global Environmental Local Environmental

Issues Issues
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS
 Ozone Layer Depletion
 Acid Rains
 Global Warming and Green House Effect
 Marine Pollution
Loss of Species (Flora & Fauna)
Ecosystem degradation - Deforestation
Photo – chemical smog
LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS
 Air Pollution
 Water Pollution
 Soil Pollution
 Noise Pollution
 Potential Environmental
Impacts
 Sustainable Development
 Global Warming

Burning of fossil fuel (natural gas, oil & coal) releases Carbon
Dioxide (1 kg of coal when burnt produce 3.119 kg of CO2) into
atmosphere which contributes about 50% to the Global Warming.
The presence of four Green House Gases(GHG) i.e. Carbon
dioxide, Methane, Nitrogen oxide and Chlorofluorocarbon
(CFCs) prevent the efficient return of re-radiated heat which has
resulted into gradual increase of temperature of the earth.
Studies indicate that if GHG emissions are not reduced there will
be an average increase of global temperature of 0.2 to 0.5 degrees
Celsius every decade.
Sun Light
 What is greenhouse explain?

A greenhouse is a building with glass walls and a glass roof.

Greenhouses are used to grow plants, such as tomatoes and
tropical flowers. A greenhouse stays warm inside, even during
the winter. In the daytime, sunlight shines into the
greenhouse and warms the plants and air inside.

At nighttime, it's colder outside, but the greenhouse stays

pretty warm inside. That's because the glass walls of the
greenhouse trap the Sun's heat
A greenhouse captures heat from the Sun during the day. Its glass
walls trap the Sun's heat, which keeps plants inside the greenhouse
warm
What is the green house effect

The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs

when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's
heat. This process makes Earth much warmer than
it would be. The greenhouse effect is one of the
things that makes Earth a comfortable place to live.
Green House Effect

The “greenhouse effect” that is warming the planet is the product of

so-called greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. Those gasses include
carbon dioxide.
Those gasses allow sunlight to pass through the atmosphere to the
earth’s surface. When the sunlight strikes the surface, the energy in the
sunlight is converted to heat.
It’s the same energy that makes feel warm when stand in the sun. And
since those gasses do a good job of trapping much of the heat and
preventing it from escaping out into space, the earth’s atmosphere
warms up.
 Ozone Depletion

Ozone acts as a filter in upper stratosphere (15-50 km above

earth) to reduce the quantity of Ultra Violet (UV) radiation
from sunlight reaching the earth. This ozone layer has been
depleted due to action of chlorofloro-carbons (CFCs) used for
refrigeration, air conditioning,, aerosol cans, fire extinguishers
etc.
The CFCs are very stable in earth atmosphere but upon
reaching stratosphere, the high energy ultraviolet light present
there, breaks them down to release their chlorine atoms
which destroys Ozone (each chlorine atom destroys up to
100,000 ozone molecules) resulting into creation of ozone
hole in North and South pole.
 Ozone Depletion

The effects of ozone depletion

mean that more UV light is
transmitted to the earth leading to
increase in the risk of skin cancer,
weakening the immune system,
damaging the retina of the eyes,
reduce the yield of essential crops,
etc.
 Ozone Depletion- Solutions

• Reduction in the use of CFCs.

• The Montreal Protocol laid out control measures to reduce
ozone depletion.
The Montreal Protocol is an international agreement designed to protect the ozone
layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for
ozone depletion.

It was agreed on 16 September 1987, and entered into force on 1 January 1989 .

Condition: Ratification by 20 states

Effective: 1 January 1989 if 11 states have ratified by then

Location: Montreal, Canada

Signed: 16 September 1987

Signatories: 46
 Acid Rain

Oxides of sulphur (SOx) and Oxides of Nitrogen (Nox) are

produced by burning of fossil fuels used mainly in power
stations and motor vehicles. These gases are dissolved in the
rain water to form dilute sulphuric acid and nitric acid
resulting the acid rain on the earth.. Acid rain can corrode
buildings, damage forests and crops, and turn lake acidic
resulting killing of fish and other aquatic organisms.
 Photo-chemical Smog

Ground level ozone contributes in creation of photo-chemical smog which is a

damaging pollutant. This is produced by the action of strong sunlight on a mixture
of NOx (Oxides of Nitrogen) and volatile organic compound (VOCs). Ground level
ozone is known to damage trees and certain crops. At high concentration, it can be
harmful to human health and cause breathing difficulties.
(Photochemical smog is a mixture of pollutants that are formed when nitrogen oxides
and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react to sunlight,)
 Eco System degradation

Examples of projects which cause extra burden on the

environmental include;
• Huge engineering projects such as highway construction.
• Irrigation and water resource systems such as construction of
dams.
• Deforestation.
• Poor management of resources like water, oil, energy etc.
 Air pollution

•Air pollutants (both particulate & gaseous) in excess of their

prescribed limits cause harmful effects to all living organisms
such as respiratory disorders, lung cancer, nose & eye
irritation etc
•Vehicles and Industry are the main sources of air pollution.
Pollution of air could be due to natural process like volcanic
eruptions, forest fires, organic and inorganic matter decay or
due to human activities in over populated cities and industrial
activities.
 Water Pollution

Water pollution could also be due to both natural or man made

sources/activities. The natural sources are soil erosion, leaking
of minerals from rocks and decaying of organic matter, etc,
whereas man made centres of activities are domestic, industrial
and agriculture. It has been estimated that domestic sector alone
is responsible for contributing about 80% of total waste water
generated in the country.
Apart from affecting physical, chemical and biological
characteristics of water body, a water pollutant, if present
beyond specified limit, has a potential to cause health hazard to
human beings
 Prevention and Control of Water Pollution

• Minimize the usage of water by altering the technique/process

involved.
• Maximum recycling of waste water after treatment.
• Treatment of waste water to meet the prescribed standards
• Limit the quantum of waste water discharge as per prescribed
standards.
• Use of appropriate waste water treatment method depending
upon the pollutants e.g., primary treatment, secondary treatment
or tertiary treatment.
 Soil Pollution

Major contributors that affect soil quality/characteristics are:-

- Use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture
- Use of waste water effluent (domestic/industrial) for irrigation purpose
- Disposal or accidental leakage of radioactive materials/intermediates/by
products, etc
- Disposal of solid wastes including hazardous wastes.
Noise pollution, or sound pollution,

Noise pollution, or sound pollution, is the propagation

of noise or sound with ranging impacts on the activity
of human or animal life, most of which are harmful to
a degree. The source of outdoor noise worldwide is
mainly caused by machines, transport and propagation
systems
 Major industrial accidents world over

• Seveso chemical explosion, Italy (1976)

• Los Alfaques propylene spill, Spain (1978)
• Three Mile Island nuclear accident, USA (1979)
• Oil Pipeline explosion, Venezuela (1981)
• Bhopal Chemical accident, India (1984)
• Fukushima nuclear plant Japan, 2011
WHY COMPANIES ARE CONCERNED
ON EMS
 Competition
 Consumer Demand
 Legislation and Standards
 Compliance
 Community

Saving the Earth Saving the Money!

 Benefits of EMS

1. Environmental performance
- Improved environmental performance
- Compliance with regulation resulting in improved relations
with Government
- Demonstrating responsible care and maintaining good
community relations.
 ISO 1400 SERIES

ISO 14001:2015 EMS – Requirements

ISO 14004:2016 Environmental Management Systems

– General Guidelines for Implementation

ISO 19011-2018 QMS & EMS auditing guidelines

The structure of ISO 14001:2015

1. Scope
2. Normative Reference
3. Terms and Definitions
4. Context of the organization
5. Leadership
6. Planning
7. Support
8. Operation
9. Performance evaluation
10. Improvement
4 Context of the organization

 4.1 Understanding the organization and its context

 The organization shall determine external and internal issues that are
relevant to its purpose and
 that affect its ability to achieve the intended outcomes of its environmental
management system.
 Such issues shall include environmental conditions being affected by or
capable of affecting the organization.
Issues
Issues Action Risk Opportunity
Technology Advancement To move in line with the technological advancement in High initial cost Factory
gaining market presence and share in the Industry Development/Enhanced
Production Process and
Facilities – Automated
Operations
Technology more efficient
and environmentally
sustainable
Use of Polythene Industry is moving polythene to paper Comply with legal
requirements
Employee Awareness Increase environmental awareness among employees and Help to implement EMS
clients effectively
Waste paper accumulation Paper recycling Pests attack to products Comply with legal
requirements
Noise of machines Environment friendly operation , Monitoring and taking Difficult to work in the Comply with legal
actions to minimize the noise. factory floor requirements
Waste disposal Facility of waste disposal through legal body Accumulation of waste Help to improve waste
disposal activities.
Use of electricity Green initiate application,Skylight,renewable High cost of electricity Help to minimize the
energysource..etc payments electricity.

Effluent water discharge Located at disaster free area, in industrial premises at

unagahadeniya close to nittambuwa
Effluent water treatment & dispose of treated water in
to environment
Action ??
Regulatory requirements Comply with Breaching Legal
• CEA Rules/Labour rules requirements
• Waste disposal -Rules & Regulations

Global requirements Green initiatives in global apparel market High initial cost Company improvements

R&D work Development in environmental friendly innovative products High initial cost Comply with legal requirements
4.2 Understanding the needs and
expectations of interested parties

 The organization shall determine:

 a) the interested parties that are relevant to the environmental management
system;
 b) the relevant needs and expectations (i.e. requirements) of these
interested parties;
 c) which of these needs and expectations become its compliance obligations.
Needs and Expectations of Interested
parties
Interested Party Needs/Expectations
Individual/Organization
Owner High profit and low cost
Increased efficiency of processes
Competent workforce to perform objectives /tasks
effectively
Achieve cooperate level customers
International quality certifications
Minimize the wastage,defects,re-works
Buyers/customers/consumers Quality of product and service
On-time delivery
Affordable price
Availability of product in the market
Consistent quality- no quality variations
Immediate corrective actions for non-compliances

Compliance with quality standards

Product range in the market
Established Brand Name
Compliance with international quality standards

Product with less environmental impact

Needs and Expectations of Interested parties

Job security & Job satisfaction

Better understanding and communication
of processes
Employees/Staff Comfortable living in organization
Training Opportunities and evaluations
Welfare facilities, Annual tours..etc
Maintenance of company reputation,
continued income
Environmental training at workplace
Occupational health & safety
Needs and Expectations of Interested
parties
Interested Party Needs/Expectations

Individual/Organization
Labour department Compliance with Labour Rules,acts and regulations

Environmental authority Compliance with Environmental laws and regulations

Insurance companies- Compliance with requirements

Good & Demonstrable risk management
Bankers-
Import clearing agents-
Financial auditing firm-

Government Prompt payment of taxes due

Compliance with environmental legislation.

Certification bodies 1.Compliance with Chain of Custody requirements

2.Effective implementation of ISO standards with all relevant
clauses in the organization

Neighbours Good environmental and social behavior from the organization.

Transparency
Pollution control
Attention to complaints

Suppliers-External providers of On time payment

Clear definitions of product/Service spec/Requirements
Products/Service
Accuracy of details for delivery, payment
Continuation of business for long term
Evaluation of own operations /system , Offer supplier audits

Obtain economic benefit

4.3 Determining the scope of the
environmental management system

 The organization shall determine the boundaries and applicability of the

environmental management
 system to establish its scope.
 When determining this scope, the organization shall consider:
 a) the external and internal issues referred to in 4.1;
 b) the compliance obligations referred to in 4.2;
 c) its organizational units, functions and physical boundaries;
 d) its activities, products and services;
 e) its authority and ability to exercise control and influence.
4.3 Determining the scope of the
environmental management system
 Once the scope is defined, all activities, products and services of the
organization within that scope
 need to be included in the environmental management system.
 The scope shall be maintained as documented information and be available to
interested parties
4.4 Environmental management system

 To achieve the intended outcomes, including enhancing its environmental

performance, the organization
 shall establish, implement, maintain and continually improve an
environmental management system,
 including the processes needed and their interactions, in accordance with the
requirements of this International Standard.
 The organization shall consider the knowledge gained in 4.1 and 4.2 when
establishing and maintaining the environmental management system.
5 Leadership
 5.1 Leadership and commitment
 Top management shall demonstrate leadership and commitment with respect
to the environmental management system by:
 a) taking accountability for the effectiveness of the environmental
management system;
 b) ensuring that the environmental policy and environmental objectives are
established and are compatible with the strategic direction and the context
of the organization;
 c) ensuring the integration of the environmental management system
requirements into the organization’s business processes;
 d) ensuring that the resources needed for the environmental management
system are available;
 e) communicating the importance of effective environmental management
and of conforming to the environmental management system requirements;
5.1 Leadership and commitment
 f) ensuring that the environmental management system
achieves its intended outcomes;
 g) directing and supporting persons to contribute to the
effectiveness of the environmental management system;
 h) promoting continual improvement;
 i) supporting other relevant management roles to
demonstrate their leadership as it applies to their areas of
responsibility.
5.2 Environmental policy
 Top management shall establish, implement and maintain an
environmental policy that,
 within the defined scope of its environmental management system:
 a) is appropriate to the purpose and context of the organization,
including the nature, scale and environmental impacts of its
activities, products and services;
 b) provides a framework for setting environmental objectives;
 c) includes a commitment to the protection of the environment,
including prevention of pollution and other specific commitment(s)
relevant to the context of the organization;
5.2 Environmental policy

 NOTE Other specific commitment(s) to protect the environment can include

sustainable resource use, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and protection
of biodiversity and ecosystems.
 d) includes a commitment to fulfil its compliance obligations;
 e) includes a commitment to continual improvement of the environmental
management system to enhance environmental performance.
 The environmental policy shall:
— be maintained as documented information;
— be communicated within the organization;
— be available to interested parties.
5.2 Environmental Policy

Includes a commitment to the protection of the environment ,including

prevention of pollution and other specific commitments relevant to the
Organization.
5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities
and authorities

 Top management shall ensure that the responsibilities and authorities

for relevant roles are assigned and communicated within the
organization.
 Top management shall assign the responsibility and authority for:
a) ensuring that the environmental management system conforms to
the requirements of this International Standard;
b) reporting on the performance of the environmental management
system, including environmental performance, to top management.
6 Planning

 6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities

 6.1.1 General
 The organization shall establish, implement and maintain the process(es)
needed to meet the requirements in 6.1.1 to 6.1.4.
 When planning for the environmental management system, the organization
shall consider:
 a) the issues referred to in 4.1;
 b) the requirements referred to in 4.2;
 c) the scope of its environmental management system;
6.1.1 General
 and determine the risks and opportunities, related to its environmental aspects (see
6.1.2), compliance obligations (see 6.1.3) and other issues and requirements, identified
in 4.1 and 4.2, that need to be addressed to:
 — give assurance that the environmental management system can achieve its intended
outcomes;
 — prevent or reduce undesired effects, including the potential for external environmental
conditions to affect the organization;
— achieve continual improvement.
 Within the scope of the environmental management system, the organization shall
determine potential emergency situations, including those that can have an
environmental impact.
 The organization shall maintain documented information of its:
— risks and opportunities that need to be addressed;
— process(es) needed in 6.1.1 to 6.1.4, to the extent necessary to have
confidence they are carried out as planned.
 6.1.2 Environmental aspects
Within the defined scope of the environmental management system, the
organization shall determine
1.) the environmental aspects of its activities, products and services that it can
control and those that it can influence, and their associated environmental impacts,
considering a life cycle perspective.

2.) When determining environmental aspects, the organization shall take into
account:
a) change, including planned or new developments, and new or modified
activities, products and
services;
b) abnormal conditions and reasonably foreseeable emergency situations.
3.) The organization shall determine those aspects that have or can have a
significant environmental
impact, i.e. significant environmental aspects, by using established criteria.
4.)The organization shall communicate its significant environmental aspects
among the various levels and functions of the organization, as appropriate.
6.1.2 Environmental aspects
5.)The organization shall maintain documented information of its:
— environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts;
— criteria used to determine its significant environmental aspects;
— significant environmental aspects.

NOTE Significant environmental aspects can result in risks and opportunities

associated with either adverse environmental impacts (threats) or beneficial
environmental impacts (opportunities).
 6.2 Environmental Aspects
@ Element of an organization’s activities or products or Services that
interacts or can interact with the Environment.
@ Environmental Impacts
Change to the Environment whether adverse or beneficial , wholly or
partially resulting from and Organization’s Environmental Aspects.
@ Abnormal situations
➢ Malfunction of treatment plant- odour
➢ Damage of filter bags in dust extraction system-Dust emissions
➢ Machinery Break down-oil leak, Solid waste –Product waste
➢ In proper fuel combustion in Generator-Black smoke
➢ Transportation-Oil leak
 Environmental Aspects
To ensure that there is a systematic documented
information in place on environmental aspects and
their environmental impacts, and criteria to be
determined to identify the Significant environment
aspects which will lead to significant impacts.
When determining Environmental Aspects following arrears
have to be considered.
1. All the activities
2. Planned or new developments, modified activities,
products, services, etc.
3. Normal, abnormal and emergency situations
 Environmental aspect

Element of an organization’s activities or

products or services that can interact with
the environment.
 Environmental impact

Any change to the environment, whether

adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially
resulting from an organization’s
environmental aspects.
Significant Environmental
Aspect

A significant environmental aspect is

an environmental aspect that has or
can have a significant environmental
impact.
 Examples

Activity Aspect Impact

Car washing- Releasing to a water body

(Detergents)

?
 Examples

Activity Aspect Impact

Car washing- Releasing to a water body water pollution

(Detergents)
 Activity Aspect Impact
Driving a car Air emission

?
 Activity Aspect Impact
Driving a car Air emission Global warming
Air pollution
 Environmental Aspects - Examples

Activities: Administrative office activity:

Aspects:
• Energy use/consumption (building heating, cooling, and
lighting)Material consumption (paper, office consumables)
• Non-hazardous waste (scrap paper, empty cartons and containers)
IMPACTS?
Activities: Electroplating operations:
Aspects:
• Chemical use/ consumption (plating chemicals)
• Water use/consumption
• Hazardous waste (sludge cake) generation
• Wastewater discharge
• Air emissions
• IMPACTS?
 Environmental Aspects - Examples

Activities: Metal Shop Operations

Aspects:
• Chemicals use/consumption (oils and degreasing agents)
• Energy use/consumption
• Material consumption (metal rolls)
• Non-hazardous waste (used oil and terpenes-based solvents)
IMPACTS?
Activities: Assembly operations
Aspects:
• Materials consumption (metal, plastic and nylon parts)
• Non-hazardous waste (plastic pieces, rags and gloves)
• IMPACTS?
Environmental Aspects - Examples

Product: Air Conditioner

Consumer operation of unit
Aspects:
 Use of the electricity
 Solid Waste generation

 IMPACTS?
 Environmental Aspects - Examples

Service : Transportation and Distribution of Goods and Products

A. Fleet Maintenance
Aspects
 Emission of oxides of nitrogen
 Discharge of oily waste IMPACTS?

B. Fleet Operation
Aspects
 Fuel consumption
 Emission of Oxides of nitrogen
 Generation of noise IMPACTS?
 Env. Aspects and Impacts

Activity Aspect Impact

Spray painting Release of solvent vapours Global warming

Emission of paint particles Air pollution -Lung damage

Driving truck Exhaust fumes Air pollution -Smog

Use of energy Natural Resources depletion -Global
warming

Chemical manufacture Solid waste Pollution of streams and lands

Air emission Local air pollution
Waste liquid Pollution of streams with particular
pollutants affecting ecosystems
Manufacture of hard wood Use of hardwood from Serious depletion of sensitive
tables unsustainable sources ecosystems

Water used High abstraction of water from a Natural Resources depletion -Depleted
river prone to drought source of water for fish and other
aquatic fife
6.1.3 Compliance obligations
 The organization shall:
 a) determine and have access to the compliance obligations related to its
environmental aspects;
 b) determine how these compliance obligations apply to the organization;
 c) take these compliance obligations into account when establishing,
implementing, maintaining and continually improving its environmental
management system.
 The organization shall maintain documented information of its compliance
obligations.
 NOTE Compliance obligations can result in risks and opportunities to the
organization.
Compliance obligations

 Compliance obligations include legal requirements that an organization has to

comply with and other requirements that the organization has to or chooses to
comply with.
 Compliance obligations also include other interested party requirements related to
its environmental management system such as
 agreements with community groups or non-governmental organizations;
 — agreements with public authorities or customers;
 — organizational requirements;
 — voluntary principles or codes of practice;
 — voluntary labelling or environmental commitments;
 — obligations arising under contractual arrangements with the organization;
 — relevant organizational or industry standards
6.1.4 Planning action

 The organization shall plan:

a) to take actions to address its:
1) significant environmental aspects;
2) compliance obligations;
3) risks and opportunities identified in 6.1.1;
6.1.4 Planning action

b) how to:
1) integrate and implement the actions into its environmental management
system processes
(see 6.2, Clause 7, Clause 8 and 9.1), or other business processes;
2) evaluate the effectiveness of these actions (see 9.1).

When planning these actions, the organization shall consider its technological
options and its financial, operational and business requirements.
6.2 Environmental objectives and planning
to achieve them
 6.2.1 Environmental objectives
The organization shall establish environmental objectives at relevant functions and
levels, taking into account the organization’s significant environmental aspects and
associated compliance obligations, and considering its risks and opportunities.
 The environmental objectives shall be:
 a) consistent with the environmental policy;
 b) measurable (if practicable);
 c) monitored;
 d) communicated;
 e) updated as appropriate.
 The organization shall maintain documented information on the environmental
objectives.
 6.2.2 Planning actions to achieve environmental
objectives
 When planning how to achieve its environmental objectives, the organization
shall determine:
 a) what will be done;
 b) what resources will be required;
 c) who will be responsible;
 d) when it will be completed;
 e) how the results will be evaluated, including indicators for monitoring
progress toward achievement of its measurable environmental objectives (see
9.1.1).
 The organization shall consider how actions to achieve its environmental
objectives can be integrated into the organization’s business processes
 Example - Objectives and targets
-Reduce electricity use by 10% in 2023-
• Reduce energy use Reduce natural gas use by 15% in 2023

- Eliminate use of CFC’s by 2023

• Reduce usage of hazardous
chemicals -Reduce use of high VOC paints by 25%

-Reduce chrome waste in plating area by

• Reduce hazardous waste
generation 50% in 2023

-Hold monthly awareness training

• Improve employee awareness
programs
of environmental issues.
7 Support

 7.1 Resources
 The organization shall determine and provide the resources needed for the
establishment, implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of
the environmental management system.
7.2 Competence
 The organization shall:
 a) determine the necessary competence of person(s) doing work under its control
that affects its environmental performance and its ability to fulfil its compliance
obligations;
 b) ensure that these persons are competent on the basis of appropriate education,
training or experience;
 c) determine training needs associated with its environmental aspects and its
environmental
 management system;
 d) where applicable, take actions to acquire the necessary competence, and
evaluate the effectiveness of the actions taken.
 NOTE Applicable actions can include, for example, the provision of training to, the
mentoring of, or the reassignment of currently employed persons; or the hiring or
contracting of competent persons.
 The organization shall retain appropriate documented information as evidence of
competence.
7.3 Awareness

 The organization shall ensure that persons doing work under the
organization’s control are aware of:
 a) the environmental policy;
 b) the significant environmental aspects and related actual or potential
environmental impacts associated with their work;
 c) their contribution to the effectiveness of the environmental management
system, including the benefits of enhanced environmental performance;
 d) the implications of not conforming with the environmental management
system requirements, including not fulfilling the organization’s compliance
obligations.
 7.4 Communication
 7.4.1 General
 The organization shall establish, implement and maintain the process(es) needed for internal and
external communications relevant to the environmental management system, including:
 a) on what it will communicate;
 b) when to communicate;
 c) with whom to communicate;
 d) how to communicate.
 When establishing its communication process(es), the organization shall:
 — take into account its compliance obligations;
 — ensure that environmental information communicated is consistent with information generated
within the environmental management system, and is reliable.
 The organization shall respond to relevant communications on its environmental management system.
 The organization shall retain documented information as evidence of its communications, as
appropriate.
7.4.2 Internal communication

 The organization shall:

 a) internally communicate information relevant to the environmental
management system among the various levels and functions of the
organization, including changes to the environmental management system, as
appropriate;
 b) ensure its communication process(es) enable(s) persons doing work under
the organization’s control to contribute to continual improvement.
7.4.3 External communication

 The organization shall externally communicate information relevant

to the environmental management system, as established by the
organization’s communication process(es) and as required by its
compliance obligations.
7.5 Documented information

 7.5.1 General
 The organization’s environmental management system shall include:
 a) documented information required by this International Standard;
 b) documented information determined by the organization as being
necessary for the effectiveness of the environmental management system.
7.5.1 General

 NOTE The extent of documented information for an environmental

management system can differ from one
 organization to another due to:
 — the size of organization and its type of activities, processes, products and
services;
 — the need to demonstrate fulfilment of its compliance obligations;
 — the complexity of processes and their interactions;
 — the competence of persons doing work under the organization’s control
7.5.2 Creating and updating

 When creating and updating documented information, the organization shall

ensure appropriate:
 a) identification and description (e.g. a title, date, author, or reference
number);
 b) format (e.g. language, software version, graphics) and media (e.g. paper,
electronic);
 c) review and approval for suitability and adequacy.
7.5.3 Control of documented information

 Documented information required by the environmental management system

and by this International Standard shall be controlled to ensure:
 a) it is available and suitable for use, where and when it is needed;
 b) it is adequately protected (e.g. from loss of confidentiality, improper use,
or loss of integrity).
 For the control of documented information, the organization shall address the
following activities as applicable:
 — distribution, access, retrieval and use;
7.5.3 Control of documented information

 storage and preservation, including preservation of legibility;

 — control of changes (e.g. version control);
 — retention and disposition.
 Documented information of external origin determined by the organization to
be necessary for the planning and operation of the environmental
management system shall be identified, as appropriate, and controlled.
 NOTE Access can imply a decision regarding the permission to view the documented
information only, or the permission and authority to view and change the
documented information.
Status of a document

 Document Number
 Issue number
 Issue date
 Revision number
 Revision date
 etc
Documentation

 Level 01- Quality Manual

 Level 02- Procedures, SOPs
 Level 03- Work Instruction, L-01
specifications
L-02

L-03
 Format for System Documents

company name
Title:
Doc no: Issue no: Issue date:

Reviewed by: Approved by:

Master list of Documents
Company Name
Title: Master List of Documents

Document no: EMS- 01 Issue no. 01

Effective date 2022-01-03 Page no 01 of two

Issue no Effective date

Department
Document Document no

Reviewed by: Quality Executive Approved by: QA Manager

 Title: Externally Originated documents
Document No: Issue no: 01
Effective Date Page no
: 2021-06-
08

No Document Name Year of published/ No Remarks/

Last reviwed
date
1 ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System Requirements 2015

2 ISO 9002: 2016 Quality management systems — Guidelines for the 2016
application of ISO 9001:2015
3 ISO 19011: 2018 Guideline for Auditing Management Systems 2018

4 ISB regulations
5 National Environmental Act, No. 47 of 1980 No. 47 / 1980

6 National Environmental (Amendment) Act No. 56 / 1988

7 • National Environmental (Amendment) No. 53 / 2000

Act,

8 • Gazette Notification No. 1533/16 dated 25.01.2008 No. 1533/16/2008

• Gazette Notification No. 1534/18 dated 01.02.2008
9 • National Environmental (Protection & Quality) Regulations, No 01 No 1534/18/2008
1990.
10 No 01/ 1990.
 : Master List of Records
Title
Document no: Issue no. 01
Effective date Page no

Retention period Disposition

Department method
Record name Record no

Research and Development

Examples of Environment Records

 Applicable governmental regulations

 List of significant environmental aspects
 Environmental permits/ consents/ licences.
 Training records
 Emissions monitoring records
 External environmental reports including complaints records
 Inspection,maintenance, and calibration records
 Records of contractor activities on premises
 Incident and corrective action reports
 Records of testing of emergency procedures
 Records of compliance and EMS audit results
 Records of management review
8 Operation
 8.1 Operational planning and control
 The organization shall establish, implement, control and maintain the processes
needed to meet
environmental management system requirements, and to implement the actions
identified in 6.1 and 6.2, by:
 — establishing operating criteria for the process(es);
 — implementing control of the process(es), in accordance with the operating
criteria.
NOTE Controls can include engineering controls and procedures. Controls can be implemented following a hierarchy
(e.g. elimination, substitution, administrative) and can be used individually or in combination.
 The organization shall control planned changes and review the consequences of
unintended changes, taking action to mitigate any adverse effects, as necessary.
 The organization shall ensure that outsourced processes are controlled or
influenced. The type and extent of control or influence to be applied to the
process(es) shall be defined within the environmental management system.
8.1 Operational planning and control
 Consistent with a life cycle perspective, the organization shall:
 a) establish controls, as appropriate, to ensure that its environmental
requirement(s) is (are) addressed in the design and development process for
the product or service, considering each life cycle stage;
 b) determine its environmental requirement(s) for the procurement of
products and services, as appropriate;
 c) communicate its relevant environmental requirement(s) to external
providers, including contractors;
 d) consider the need to provide information about potential significant
environmental impacts associated with the transportation or delivery, use,
end-of-life treatment and final disposal of its products and services.
 The organization shall maintain documented information to the extent
necessary to have confidence that the processes have been carried out as
planned.
Examples of operational control procedures/work
instructions
 Buying of chemicals
 Storage of chemicals
 Noise control
 Storage of waste
 Storage of hazardous waste
 Waste dispersal
 Maintenance of ETP/oil separator
 Maintenance of Electrostatic precipitator/Bag filter
 Transportation etc.
 Environmental Management Program - Example

Objective Target Person Time frame Activities

Responsible
Reduce reduce by 5% Environmental 2Q 202Y Select and purchase
material Coordinator Equipment to reuse
consumption plastic scrap in plastic
mold process – cost
(plastics)/Redu
Rs50,000/-
ce nonhazarda- Install reuse
Plastic Shop 3Q 202Y
rdous waste equipment on plastic
Supervisor
(Plastics) / mold process; instruct
Unit of employees on use.
production
Employees 4Q 202Y Begin reusing plastic
scrape in process.
8.2 Emergency preparedness and response

 The organization shall establish, implement and maintain the process(es)

needed to prepare for and respond to potential emergency situations
identified in 6.1.1.
 The organization shall:
a) prepare to respond by planning actions to prevent or mitigate adverse
environmental impacts from emergency situations;
8.2 Emergency preparedness and response

 b) respond to actual emergency situations;

 c) take action to prevent or mitigate the consequences of emergency situations,
appropriate to the magnitude of the emergency and the potential environmental
impact;
 d) periodically test the planned response actions, where practicable;
 e) periodically review and revise the process(es) and planned response actions, in
particular after the occurrence of emergency situations or tests;
 f) provide relevant information and training related to emergency preparedness
and response, as appropriate, to relevant interested parties, including persons
working under its control.
 The organization shall maintain documented information to the extent necessary
to have confidence that the process(es) is (are) carried out as planned.
9 Performance evaluation

 9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation

 9.1.1 General
 The organization shall monitor, measure, analyse and evaluate its environmental performance.
 The organization shall determine:
 a) what needs to be monitored and measured;
 b) the methods for monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation, as applicable, to ensure
 valid results;
 c) the criteria against which the organization will evaluate its environmental performance, and
 appropriate indicators;
 d) when the monitoring and measuring shall be performed;
 e) when the results from monitoring and measurement shall be analysed and evaluated.
9.1.1 General

 The organization shall ensure that calibrated or verified monitoring and

measurement equipment is used and maintained, as appropriate.
 The organization shall evaluate its environmental performance and the
effectiveness of the environmental management system.
 The organization shall communicate relevant environmental performance
information both internally and externally, as identified in its communication
process(es) and as required by its compliance obligations.
 The organization shall retain appropriate documented information as
evidence of the monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation results.
9.1.2 Evaluation of compliance

 The organization shall establish, implement and maintain the process(es)

needed to evaluate fulfilment of its compliance obligations.
 The organization shall:
 a) determine the frequency that compliance will be evaluated;
 b) evaluate compliance and take action if needed;
 c) maintain knowledge and understanding of its compliance status.
 The organization shall retain documented information as evidence of the
compliance evaluation result(s).
9.2 Internal audit

 9.2.1 General
 The organization shall conduct internal audits at planned intervals to provide
information on whether the environmental management system:
 a) conforms to:
 1) the organization’s own requirements for its environmental management
system;
 2) the requirements of this International Standard;
 b) is effectively implemented and maintained.
9.2 Internal audit
 9.2.2 Internal audit programme
 The organization shall establish, implement and maintain (an) internal audit
programme(s), including the frequency, methods, responsibilities, planning
requirements and reporting of its internal audits.
 When establishing the internal audit programme, the organization shall take
into consideration the environmental importance of the processes concerned,
changes affecting the organization and the results of previous audits.
 The organization shall:
 a) define the audit criteria and scope for each audit;
 b) select auditors and conduct audits to ensure objectivity and the
impartiality of the audit process;
 c) ensure that the results of the audits are reported to relevant management.
 The organization shall retain documented information as evidence of the
implementation of the audit programme and the audit results
9.3 Management review
 Top management shall review the organization’s environmental management
system, at planned
 intervals, to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.
 The management review shall include consideration of:
 a) the status of actions from previous management reviews;
 b) changes in:
 1) external and internal issues that are relevant to the environmental
management system;
 2) the needs and expectations of interested parties, including compliance
obligations;
 3) its significant environmental aspects;
 4) risks and opportunities;
 c) the extent to which environmental objectives have been achieved;
9.3 Management review

 d) information on the organization’s environmental performance, including

trends in:
 1) nonconformities and corrective actions;
 2) monitoring and measurement results;
 3) fulfilment of its compliance obligations;
 4) audit results;
 e) adequacy of resources;
 f) relevant communication(s) from interested parties, including complaints;
 g) opportunities for continual improvement.
9.3 Management review

 The outputs of the management review shall include:

 — conclusions on the continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the
environmental management system;
 — decisions related to continual improvement opportunities;
 — decisions related to any need for changes to the environmental management
system, including resources;
 — actions, if needed, when environmental objectives have not been achieved;
 — opportunities to improve integration of the environmental management system
with other business processes, if needed;
 — any implications for the strategic direction of the organization.
 The organization shall retain documented information as evidence of the results of
management reviews.
10 Improvement

 10.1 General
 The organization shall determine opportunities for improvement (see 9.1, 9.2
and 9.3) and implement necessary actions to achieve the intended outcomes
of its environmental management system.
10.2 Nonconformity and corrective action

 When a nonconformity occurs, the organization shall:

 a) react to the nonconformity and, as applicable:
 1) take action to control and correct it;
 2) deal with the consequences, including mitigating adverse environmental
impacts;
 b) evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes of the nonconformity, in
order that it does not recur or occur elsewhere, by:
 1) reviewing the nonconformity;
 2) determining the causes of the nonconformity;
 3) determining if similar nonconformities exist, or could potentially occur;
 c) implement any action needed;
10.2 Nonconformity and corrective action

 d) review the effectiveness of any corrective action taken;

 e) make changes to the environmental management system, if necessary.
 Corrective actions shall be appropriate to the significance of the effects of
the nonconformities encountered, including the environmental impact(s).
 The organization shall retain documented information as evidence of:
 — the nature of the nonconformities and any subsequent actions taken;
 — the results of any corrective action.
10.3 Continual improvement

 The organization shall continually improve the suitability, adequacy and

effectiveness of the environmental management system to enhance
environmental performance.

 Eg; Introducing solar energy system, introducing Bio-mass boiler replacing

furnace oil boiler
Stages in initiating and designing the EMS
Initiating the EMS

Initial Environmental Review

Legal & other Environmental

requirements Significant Environmental Aspects & Impacts
Aspects & Impacts (use criteria)

Environmental Policy

Establishing
objectives/targets/EMPs Initiating EMS
Establishing &
& EMS manual Awareness training
documenting operational
control procedures &
Emergency Preparedness Establishing &
& Response Procedures documenting procedures
demanded in the
standards

Releasing EMS documentation for

implementation